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Why you should vote for this social champion
Narayanan Krishnan brought over 1.2 million hot meals to India's homeless and destitute through his non profit organisation. His efforts have now earned him a nomination among top 10 social champions in CNN's Heroes 2010. He gave up his job as a chef at a five star hotel in Bengaluru to feed the needy thrice a day. And he has been at it for over eight years. We present his profile again:
A look into the kitchen reveals a spotlessly clean room. Sparkling vessels stacked neatly, groceries and provisions all lined up in rows rice, dal, vegetables, spices all of the best quality. One would think this was the kitchen of a five star hotel.
Maybe Krishnan achieves that effect because he was once a chef at a five star hotel in Bengaluru.
"Today's lunch is curd rice, with home made pickle, please taste it," he says, serving me on a kelly bag hermes fake plate made of dried leaves.
The food is excellent.
"I change the menu for different days of the week. They will get bored if I serve the same food every day," he says with an enthusiastic and infectious smile.
Click on NEXT to read further.
Krishnan cooks breakfast, lunch and dinner with the help of two cooks. He takes it himself to his wards on the street each day.
"I don't feed beggars. They can look after themselves. The hermes kelly bag copy mentally ill won't ask anyone for food or money. They don't move around much too. I find them in the same place every day."
That morning he put the food in a large vessel, the pickle in a smaller one and loaded it into a Maruti van donated by a Madurai philanthropist.
Ten minutes later we stopped near a man lying on the ground by a high wall. Krishnan put the food next to him. The man refused to even look at it, but grabbed the water bottle and drank eagerly. "He will eat the food later, looks like he was very thirsty," said Krishnan.
At the next stop, he laid the dry leaf plate and served the food. He then scooped some food and started feeding the mentally ill man himself. After two morsels, the man started eating on his own.
We then crossed a crowded traffic signal and stopped the vehicle. On seeing Krishnan, four individuals moved slowly towards the Maruti van. They stood out in the crowd with their dirty, tattered clothes and unshaven beards.
They knew this Maruti van meant food. But they did not hurry, knowing that Krishnan would wait for them.
Krishnan served them under a tree and carried water for them. "They are not aware enough to get their own water," he explained.
And thus we went around the city till the Akshaya patra was empty. Of course, it would be full again for dinner later in the day.
As we returned, a startling fact hit me. Not a single mentally challenged person had thanked Krishnan. They did not even smile or acknowledge him. Still Krishnan carried on in a world where most of us get offended if someone doesn't say thank you, sometimes even for doing our jobs.
The food costs Rs 8,000 a day, but that doesn't worry him. "I have donors for 22 days. The remaining days, I manage myself. I am sure I will get donors for that too, people who can afford it are generally generous, particularly when they know that their hard earned money is actually going to the poor. That is why I maintain my accounts correctly and scrupulously."
He then pulled out a bill from the cabinet and showed it to me. It was a bill for groceries he had bought seven years ago. "This bill has sentimental value. It is the first one after I started Akshaya."
Software giants Infosys and TCS were so impressed with his work Hermes Kelly Replica that they donated three acres of land kelly bag hermes Knockoff to him in Madurai. Krishnan hopes to build a home for his wards there. He has built the basement for a woman's block which will house 80 inmates, but work has currently halted due to a lack of funds.
This, however, is not the sum of his good deeds. Krishnan also performs the funerals of unclaimed bodies in Madurai. He collects the body, bathes it and gives it a decent burial or cremation as the need may be.
He gets calls, both from the municipal corporation and general hospital for the funerals.
He recalls with a little prompting how one day he saw a mentally ill man eating his excreta. He rushed to the nearest restaurant and bought the man five idlis. The man ate voraciously, and then smiled at him. The smile made Krishnan want to do it again and again.
Krishnan has not married and wonders if anyone would want to marry a man who spends his days cooking food for others. He is firm that his life partner has to agree to this kind of life.
His parents were initially shocked, but are now very supportive of their son. They advise him about the cuisine and also about how he can streamline the process.
One wonders why he left his job in a five star hotel to bury the dead and feed the mentally ill. To this he just smiles and says, "I like doing it."
Narayanan Krishnan brought over 1.2 million hot meals to India's homeless and destitute through his non profit organisation. His efforts have now earned him a nomination among top 10 social champions in CNN's Heroes 2010. He gave up his job as a chef at a five star hotel in Bengaluru to feed the needy thrice a day. And he has been at it for over eight years. We present his profile again:
A look into the kitchen reveals a spotlessly clean room. Sparkling vessels stacked neatly, groceries and provisions all lined up in rows rice, dal, vegetables, spices all of the best quality. One would think this was the kitchen of a five star hotel.
Maybe Krishnan achieves that effect because he was once a chef at a five star hotel in Bengaluru.
"Today's lunch is curd rice, with home made pickle, please taste it," he says, serving me on a kelly bag hermes fake plate made of dried leaves.
The food is excellent.
"I change the menu for different days of the week. They will get bored if I serve the same food every day," he says with an enthusiastic and infectious smile.
Click on NEXT to read further.
Krishnan cooks breakfast, lunch and dinner with the help of two cooks. He takes it himself to his wards on the street each day.
"I don't feed beggars. They can look after themselves. The hermes kelly bag copy mentally ill won't ask anyone for food or money. They don't move around much too. I find them in the same place every day."
That morning he put the food in a large vessel, the pickle in a smaller one and loaded it into a Maruti van donated by a Madurai philanthropist.
Ten minutes later we stopped near a man lying on the ground by a high wall. Krishnan put the food next to him. The man refused to even look at it, but grabbed the water bottle and drank eagerly. "He will eat the food later, looks like he was very thirsty," said Krishnan.
At the next stop, he laid the dry leaf plate and served the food. He then scooped some food and started feeding the mentally ill man himself. After two morsels, the man started eating on his own.
We then crossed a crowded traffic signal and stopped the vehicle. On seeing Krishnan, four individuals moved slowly towards the Maruti van. They stood out in the crowd with their dirty, tattered clothes and unshaven beards.
They knew this Maruti van meant food. But they did not hurry, knowing that Krishnan would wait for them.
Krishnan served them under a tree and carried water for them. "They are not aware enough to get their own water," he explained.
And thus we went around the city till the Akshaya patra was empty. Of course, it would be full again for dinner later in the day.
As we returned, a startling fact hit me. Not a single mentally challenged person had thanked Krishnan. They did not even smile or acknowledge him. Still Krishnan carried on in a world where most of us get offended if someone doesn't say thank you, sometimes even for doing our jobs.
The food costs Rs 8,000 a day, but that doesn't worry him. "I have donors for 22 days. The remaining days, I manage myself. I am sure I will get donors for that too, people who can afford it are generally generous, particularly when they know that their hard earned money is actually going to the poor. That is why I maintain my accounts correctly and scrupulously."
He then pulled out a bill from the cabinet and showed it to me. It was a bill for groceries he had bought seven years ago. "This bill has sentimental value. It is the first one after I started Akshaya."
Software giants Infosys and TCS were so impressed with his work Hermes Kelly Replica that they donated three acres of land kelly bag hermes Knockoff to him in Madurai. Krishnan hopes to build a home for his wards there. He has built the basement for a woman's block which will house 80 inmates, but work has currently halted due to a lack of funds.
This, however, is not the sum of his good deeds. Krishnan also performs the funerals of unclaimed bodies in Madurai. He collects the body, bathes it and gives it a decent burial or cremation as the need may be.
He gets calls, both from the municipal corporation and general hospital for the funerals.
He recalls with a little prompting how one day he saw a mentally ill man eating his excreta. He rushed to the nearest restaurant and bought the man five idlis. The man ate voraciously, and then smiled at him. The smile made Krishnan want to do it again and again.
Krishnan has not married and wonders if anyone would want to marry a man who spends his days cooking food for others. He is firm that his life partner has to agree to this kind of life.
His parents were initially shocked, but are now very supportive of their son. They advise him about the cuisine and also about how he can streamline the process.
One wonders why he left his job in a five star hotel to bury the dead and feed the mentally ill. To this he just smiles and says, "I like doing it."
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Voicemail als wettelijk bewijs
Elke organisatie of bedrijf kan worden gedwongen tot overgave klant identificerende informatie voor een verscheidenheid van redenen en een assortiment van procedures. Zelfs meer omvat, met de Patriot Act die het nu zoals de wet heeft verscheidene belangrijke wijzigingen aangebracht. De wet heeft verrekend op de interpretatie die telefoon bedrijf records van oproepen naar en van een individu home worden niet beschermd door het vierde amendement.
Het vierde amendement dekt het niet omdat er geen "gerechtvaardigde verwachting van privacy" met betrekking tot hen. Smith v. Maryland, 442 Amerikaanse 735 (1979) is een voorbeeld. Wat dit betekent is dat het enige dat nodig is om te trekken deze records is de vertoning van redelijke gronden dat er relevantie voor een strafrechtelijk onderzoek is. Dit geeft recht recht ambtenaren van de wetshandhaving tot het verplicht stellen van een gerechtelijk bevel dat toegang how much is hermes kelly bag worden verleend.
De Patriot Act verder breidt deze bevoegdheden. Sectie 212 kunt bijvoorbeeld mededeling dienstverleners aan de hand van de klant records of communicatie (inclusief audio messagerie opgeslagen) in een noodsituatie waar is een bedreiging voor lichamelijk letsel. De definitie van dreiging van lichamelijk kelly bag price replica letsel is wat vaag en de rechtbanken hun discretionaire bevoegdheid in het verleden hebben gebruikt.
Met audio messagerie in dezelfde categorie als e mails hebben gebracht is er nu minder bescherming. Voordat de Patriot Act was het mogelijk dat een rechtbank voicemail bewijs dat niet werd verkregen met wiretap orde zou ontslaan. Audio messagerie zijn, overeenkomstig paragraaf 209, onder voorbehoud van een eenvoudige warrant.
Er is bepaald dat audio messagerie opnames "detecteerbaar" in de juridische zin zijn. Dit betekent dat het niet volledig is afgeschermd van gebruik in rechtszaken. Zeker, de meeste mensen zijn goed en proberen om het juiste ding te doen maar soms zijn ze misleid, gedwongen en soms alleen schadelijke.
Er was een hard werkende familieman, genaamd "Bob", die een blauwe boorden baan voor een relatief groot bedrijf voor meerdere jaren gewerkt. Bob was redelijk succesvol, was het betalen van zijn sporen in het leven, en werd op goede voet met de meeste mensen hij werkte met. Het gebeurde op een dag dat een verslag werd ingediend met HR over sommige vermeende verkeerde doen; niets criminele op geen enkele manier maar een duidelijke zwarte vlek en eventueel een afvuren overtreding voor Bob. Een collega, "Dick", hadden gemeld sommige vermeende overtredingen van het beleid die "Bob" die ook toevallig een vriend van Dick's eruit als een grote schroef off op het hermes kelly price copy werk. Dick later voelde verschrikkelijk erover, genoemd en liet een voicemailbericht voor Bob vergeving voor het how to buy hermes kelly bag bedelen. Dick biechtte dat een senior toezichthouder een van de weinige mensen die niet hield van Bob hadden gedreigd zijn baan als hij deed het verslag niet vervalsen. Deze stem boodschap was zeer schadelijk bewijs tegen de gewetenloze controleur die de hele situatie te elimineren Bob had geregeld.
Dit is een echte voorbeeld (namen zijn gewijzigd) van wat kan worden gedaan met voicemail als een defensie instrument. Het is niet alleen strafrechtelijke onderzoekers die met er geen gerechtvaardigde verwachting van privacy die de eigenaar van een voicemailbox gratis is te gebruiken geen berichten voor hun verdediging tegen beschuldigingen dat de audio messagerie kan worden aangesloten op audio messagerie als bewijs, kunnen gebruiken. Iemand stiekem opnemen is vaak illegale, echter, wanneer iemand een bericht op uw antwoordapparaat of voicemail verlaat, ze weten ze worden vastgelegd en stemt dus in met het.
Gerelateerde artikels in juridische
Mensen die genteresseerd zijn in het bovenstaande artikel zijn ook genteresseerd in de aanverwante artikelen hieronder:De Raad van bestuur van Control voor Veenmol in India (BCCI) verloor twee arbitrageprocedures, ingediend door de wereld van de sport van de rendez vous van M/S (RSW) en Kochi Cricket Pvt. Ltd (KCPL) en awards gedateerd 22.06.2015 werden uitgesproken. Op 16 September 2015, BCCI uitgedaagd beide bovenstaande zei scheidsrechterlijke uitspraken door het indienen van aanvragen overeenkomstig punt 34 van de wet.
Elke organisatie of bedrijf kan worden gedwongen tot overgave klant identificerende informatie voor een verscheidenheid van redenen en een assortiment van procedures. Zelfs meer omvat, met de Patriot Act die het nu zoals de wet heeft verscheidene belangrijke wijzigingen aangebracht. De wet heeft verrekend op de interpretatie die telefoon bedrijf records van oproepen naar en van een individu home worden niet beschermd door het vierde amendement.
Het vierde amendement dekt het niet omdat er geen "gerechtvaardigde verwachting van privacy" met betrekking tot hen. Smith v. Maryland, 442 Amerikaanse 735 (1979) is een voorbeeld. Wat dit betekent is dat het enige dat nodig is om te trekken deze records is de vertoning van redelijke gronden dat er relevantie voor een strafrechtelijk onderzoek is. Dit geeft recht recht ambtenaren van de wetshandhaving tot het verplicht stellen van een gerechtelijk bevel dat toegang how much is hermes kelly bag worden verleend.
De Patriot Act verder breidt deze bevoegdheden. Sectie 212 kunt bijvoorbeeld mededeling dienstverleners aan de hand van de klant records of communicatie (inclusief audio messagerie opgeslagen) in een noodsituatie waar is een bedreiging voor lichamelijk letsel. De definitie van dreiging van lichamelijk kelly bag price replica letsel is wat vaag en de rechtbanken hun discretionaire bevoegdheid in het verleden hebben gebruikt.
Met audio messagerie in dezelfde categorie als e mails hebben gebracht is er nu minder bescherming. Voordat de Patriot Act was het mogelijk dat een rechtbank voicemail bewijs dat niet werd verkregen met wiretap orde zou ontslaan. Audio messagerie zijn, overeenkomstig paragraaf 209, onder voorbehoud van een eenvoudige warrant.
Er is bepaald dat audio messagerie opnames "detecteerbaar" in de juridische zin zijn. Dit betekent dat het niet volledig is afgeschermd van gebruik in rechtszaken. Zeker, de meeste mensen zijn goed en proberen om het juiste ding te doen maar soms zijn ze misleid, gedwongen en soms alleen schadelijke.
Er was een hard werkende familieman, genaamd "Bob", die een blauwe boorden baan voor een relatief groot bedrijf voor meerdere jaren gewerkt. Bob was redelijk succesvol, was het betalen van zijn sporen in het leven, en werd op goede voet met de meeste mensen hij werkte met. Het gebeurde op een dag dat een verslag werd ingediend met HR over sommige vermeende verkeerde doen; niets criminele op geen enkele manier maar een duidelijke zwarte vlek en eventueel een afvuren overtreding voor Bob. Een collega, "Dick", hadden gemeld sommige vermeende overtredingen van het beleid die "Bob" die ook toevallig een vriend van Dick's eruit als een grote schroef off op het hermes kelly price copy werk. Dick later voelde verschrikkelijk erover, genoemd en liet een voicemailbericht voor Bob vergeving voor het how to buy hermes kelly bag bedelen. Dick biechtte dat een senior toezichthouder een van de weinige mensen die niet hield van Bob hadden gedreigd zijn baan als hij deed het verslag niet vervalsen. Deze stem boodschap was zeer schadelijk bewijs tegen de gewetenloze controleur die de hele situatie te elimineren Bob had geregeld.
Dit is een echte voorbeeld (namen zijn gewijzigd) van wat kan worden gedaan met voicemail als een defensie instrument. Het is niet alleen strafrechtelijke onderzoekers die met er geen gerechtvaardigde verwachting van privacy die de eigenaar van een voicemailbox gratis is te gebruiken geen berichten voor hun verdediging tegen beschuldigingen dat de audio messagerie kan worden aangesloten op audio messagerie als bewijs, kunnen gebruiken. Iemand stiekem opnemen is vaak illegale, echter, wanneer iemand een bericht op uw antwoordapparaat of voicemail verlaat, ze weten ze worden vastgelegd en stemt dus in met het.
Gerelateerde artikels in juridische
Mensen die genteresseerd zijn in het bovenstaande artikel zijn ook genteresseerd in de aanverwante artikelen hieronder:De Raad van bestuur van Control voor Veenmol in India (BCCI) verloor twee arbitrageprocedures, ingediend door de wereld van de sport van de rendez vous van M/S (RSW) en Kochi Cricket Pvt. Ltd (KCPL) en awards gedateerd 22.06.2015 werden uitgesproken. Op 16 September 2015, BCCI uitgedaagd beide bovenstaande zei scheidsrechterlijke uitspraken door het indienen van aanvragen overeenkomstig punt 34 van de wet.
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Wedgwood Elementary
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP Wedgwood Elementary School Principal Michael Landon replica hermes enamel bracelet announced the school's Principal's List and Honor Roll students for the first marking period.
Grade 5 Joseph Abrams, Vincent Baccare, Kyle Bonner, cheap fashion jewelry bracelet Michael Brady, Zoe Clark, Alex cheap mens gold bracelets Cottrell, Kyle faux hermes handbags Deich, Matthew DiGiacomo, Evangeline Drexel, Sophia Dunning, Benjamin Finelsen, Christopher Fisher, John Garozzo, Francesca Gatta, Gabriel Izzi, Hope Kaplan, Alexa Kelly, Madison Kodrich, Samantha Kodrich, Lucas Kolb, Kyle Lam, Tyler Lucia, Mia Pagliarini, Nicholas Pellegrino, Brian Piotrowski, Angelina Post, Michael Sawyer, Connor Short, Adrianna Strauss, Jenna Strosser, Christopher Taylor.
Grade 4 Hannan Alkozbari, Sophia Angelini, Tori Barbara, Cole Beschen, Connor Bogan, Angelina Brockway, William Butkus, Connor Caffrey, Owen Colligan, Tessa Conville, Zoey Copsetta, Lorenzo DeLeon, Lauren DeNinno, Nico Dubb, Jared Dzierzgowski, Samantha Evans, Logan Fanelli, Georgiana Fitzgerald, Kaitlyn Flinn, John Gardiner, Hashim Hart, Gavin Haruch, Isabelle Hilger, Sean Johnson, Justin Kraus, Aiden McCullough, Francesca Mesi, Andriy Miller Bublyk, Ashley Milsted, Michael Monkiewicz, Ava Muller, Madison Mumbower, Persephanie Nevius, Charles Olson, Jacob Rambo, Olivia Redman, Monte Richards, Carley Shaw, Maddison Stein, Cole Van de Zilver, Trey Van de Zilver, Samantha Vilord, John Welding, Jazmine Williams.
Grade 3 John Bollendorf, Owen Cafferty, Kathryn Capalbo, Marissa Carney, Chloe Denton, Landon Dingler, Alexis Dzierzgowski, Makenzi Egizi, Nicholas Guzak, Elijah Heaney, Zachary Kotel, Anthony Lam, Ryan McCrea, Sean McCrea, Alyssa Mulch, Kayla Richardson, Samantha Rizzo, James Sargent, Robert Schieri, Benjamin Schmidt, Aubrey Severa, Shawn Taylor, Cody Trewin, Benjamin Zemski.
Principal's List students include:Grade 4 Christina Baldosaro, Michael Bauer, Bryn Bautista, Ciana Bonatara, Seth Bosco, Elijah Broaddus, Autumn Buttocovla, Sophia Castillo, Cecilia Dabrowski, Jackson Dickler, John Ecker, Madeline Gallo, Nicholas Ghee, Landen Hart, Peyton Jetter, Luke Linden, Nicholas Majuri, Antonio Mazzitelli, Andrew Melloni, Matthew Morad, Ryan Nace, Marisa Nuzzo, Sophia Polizzi, Sawyer Quallen, McKenna Quinn, Madison Rhubart, Francesca Sabelli, Olivia Stazi, Matthew Stein, Sabrina Stemetzki, Carson Thomas, Daniel Torres, Adriana Venuto, Justin Vogel, Emily Westenberger, Natalie Zimmerman.
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP Wedgwood Elementary School Principal Michael Landon replica hermes enamel bracelet announced the school's Principal's List and Honor Roll students for the first marking period.
Grade 5 Joseph Abrams, Vincent Baccare, Kyle Bonner, cheap fashion jewelry bracelet Michael Brady, Zoe Clark, Alex cheap mens gold bracelets Cottrell, Kyle faux hermes handbags Deich, Matthew DiGiacomo, Evangeline Drexel, Sophia Dunning, Benjamin Finelsen, Christopher Fisher, John Garozzo, Francesca Gatta, Gabriel Izzi, Hope Kaplan, Alexa Kelly, Madison Kodrich, Samantha Kodrich, Lucas Kolb, Kyle Lam, Tyler Lucia, Mia Pagliarini, Nicholas Pellegrino, Brian Piotrowski, Angelina Post, Michael Sawyer, Connor Short, Adrianna Strauss, Jenna Strosser, Christopher Taylor.
Grade 4 Hannan Alkozbari, Sophia Angelini, Tori Barbara, Cole Beschen, Connor Bogan, Angelina Brockway, William Butkus, Connor Caffrey, Owen Colligan, Tessa Conville, Zoey Copsetta, Lorenzo DeLeon, Lauren DeNinno, Nico Dubb, Jared Dzierzgowski, Samantha Evans, Logan Fanelli, Georgiana Fitzgerald, Kaitlyn Flinn, John Gardiner, Hashim Hart, Gavin Haruch, Isabelle Hilger, Sean Johnson, Justin Kraus, Aiden McCullough, Francesca Mesi, Andriy Miller Bublyk, Ashley Milsted, Michael Monkiewicz, Ava Muller, Madison Mumbower, Persephanie Nevius, Charles Olson, Jacob Rambo, Olivia Redman, Monte Richards, Carley Shaw, Maddison Stein, Cole Van de Zilver, Trey Van de Zilver, Samantha Vilord, John Welding, Jazmine Williams.
Grade 3 John Bollendorf, Owen Cafferty, Kathryn Capalbo, Marissa Carney, Chloe Denton, Landon Dingler, Alexis Dzierzgowski, Makenzi Egizi, Nicholas Guzak, Elijah Heaney, Zachary Kotel, Anthony Lam, Ryan McCrea, Sean McCrea, Alyssa Mulch, Kayla Richardson, Samantha Rizzo, James Sargent, Robert Schieri, Benjamin Schmidt, Aubrey Severa, Shawn Taylor, Cody Trewin, Benjamin Zemski.
Principal's List students include:Grade 4 Christina Baldosaro, Michael Bauer, Bryn Bautista, Ciana Bonatara, Seth Bosco, Elijah Broaddus, Autumn Buttocovla, Sophia Castillo, Cecilia Dabrowski, Jackson Dickler, John Ecker, Madeline Gallo, Nicholas Ghee, Landen Hart, Peyton Jetter, Luke Linden, Nicholas Majuri, Antonio Mazzitelli, Andrew Melloni, Matthew Morad, Ryan Nace, Marisa Nuzzo, Sophia Polizzi, Sawyer Quallen, McKenna Quinn, Madison Rhubart, Francesca Sabelli, Olivia Stazi, Matthew Stein, Sabrina Stemetzki, Carson Thomas, Daniel Torres, Adriana Venuto, Justin Vogel, Emily Westenberger, Natalie Zimmerman.
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What's the appeal of a caliphate
In June the leader of Islamic State declared the creation of a caliphate stretching across parts of Syria and Iraq Abu Bakr al Baghdadi named himself the caliph or leader. Edward Stourton examines the historical parallels and asks what is a caliphate, and what is its appeal?
When Islamic State (IS) declared itself a caliphate in June this year, and its leader Abu Bakr al Baghdadi claimed the title of caliph, it seemed confirmation of the group's reputation for megalomania and atavistic fantasy. Al Baghdadi insisted that pledging allegiance to this caliphate was a religious obligation on all Muslims an appeal which was immediately greeted by a chorus of condemnation across the Middle East.
But is it dangerous to underestimate the appeal of IS? Al Baghdadi's brutal regime does not, of course, remotely conform to the classical Muslim understanding of what a caliphate should be, but it does evoke an aspiration with a powerful and increasingly urgent resonance in the wider Muslim world.
The last caliphate that of the Ottomans was officially abolished 90 years ago this spring. Yet in a 2006 Gallup survey of Muslims living in Egypt, Morocco, Indonesia and Pakistan, two thirds of respondents said they supported the goal of "unifying all Islamic countries" into a new caliphate.
Why do so many Muslims subscribe to this apparently unrealisable dream? The answer lies in the caliphate's history.
The Arabic khalifa means a representative or successor, and in the Koran it is linked to the idea of just government Adam, and then David and Solomon, are each said to be God's khalifa on earth. And when the Prophet Mohammed died in 632 the title was bestowed on his successor as the leader of the Muslim community, the first of the Rashidun, the four so called "Rightly Guided Caliphs" who ruled for the first three decades of the new Islamic era. He argues that their era established an ideal of a caliph as "the choice of the people appointed in order to be responsible to them, apply Islamic law and ensure it's executed". He adds that the true caliph "is not above the law".
Find out more
Listen to The Idea of the Caliphate, broadcast on Analysis on BBC Radio 4 or download the podcast
Shia Muslims challenge this version of history they believe that the first two caliphs effectively staged a coup to frustrate the leadership claims of the Prophet's cousin Ali and this dispute about the early caliphate is the source of Islam's most enduring schism. But to today's Sunni Muslims, many of them living under autocratic regimes, the ideal of a caliphate built on the principle of government by consent is likely to have a powerful appeal.
Another significant source of the caliphate's appeal today is the memory it stirs of Muslim greatness. The era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs was followed by the imperial caliphates of the Umayyads and Abbasids.
"Seventy years after the Prophet's death, this Muslim world stretched from Spain and Morocco right the way to Central Asia and to the southern bits of Pakistan, so a huge empire that was all under the control discount hermes handbags of a single Muslim leader," says historian Prof Hugh Kennedy. "And it's this Muslim unity, the extent of Muslim sovereignty, that people above all look back to."
This Islamic Golden Age was also marked by great intellectual and cultural creativity the Abbasid court in Baghdad valued literature and music, and fostered world changing advances in medicine, science and mathematics.
Yet these dynasties extended their rule so far, and so fast, that it became increasingly difficult for any one lineage to control all Muslim lands. As power fragmented, it was not just a political dilemma for any particular dynasty, but also a theological challenge to the very idea of the caliphate. The power of unity was closely linked to the idea of a caliph yet it only took just over a century of the Muslim faith for the world to see parallel and even competing caliphates emerge.
The Sunni theologian Sheikh Ruzwan Mohammed argues: "While you do have two caliphs on earth proclaiming that they're the representatives of the Muslim community at this point, and more deeply that they are the shadow of God on earth, Muslims at that point were very pragmatic, and they acknowledged the fact that there could be more than one caliph representing the benefits and the concerns of the Muslim community and that was also understood and accepted by Muslim theologians."
The Abbasid caliphate lasted for half a millennium before coming to a brutal end in 1258. When Baghdad fell to the Mongols, the last of the city's caliphs was rolled in a carpet and trampled to death under the hooves of Mongol horses this was, bizarrely, a mark of respect, as the Mongols believed that people of rank should be killed without their blood being shed.
The institution of the caliphate, however, survived. Members of the Abbasid family were installed as titular caliphs in Cairo by the Mamluks, the main Sunni Islamic power of the day. They were more ornaments to the Mamluk court than anything else, but merely by existing they preserved the ideal of a single leader behind whom all Muslims could unite. So the title was still there for the taking when a new Islamic empire arose. Early in the 16th Century it passed in slightly murky circumstances to the Ottoman sultans, who ruled a new Islamic world power for a further 400 years.
The caliphate was finally extinguished by Kemal Ataturk, the father of modern Turkey, in 1924. He believed the abolition of the institution was essential to his campaign to turn what was left of the empire into a 20th Century secular nation state. The last Ottoman caliph was expelled from Istanbul to live out a life of cultured exile in Paris and on the Cote d'Azur.
But the institution he represented had by then existed for nearly 1300 years, and the impact of its abolition on Muslim intellectual life was profound. In the same way, he says, Muslim thinkers in the hermes bags replicas 1920s suddenly found they had to ask fundamental questions they had never confronted before: "Do Muslims need to live in an Islamic State? What should that state be like?"
By the mid 20th Century leaders like Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser had come up with an answer to those questions the ideology known as pan Arabism offered a kind of secular caliphate, and during the 1950s Nasser even established something called the United Arab Republic, which joined Egypt and Syria.
But everything changed in the Middle East with the foundation of the State of Israel, and Pankhurst argues that Pan Arabism was wrecked on the rock of Israeli military might. "Pan Arabism drew its legitimacy from the fact that it was going to return the Arabs to their position of glory and liberate Palestine," he says. "When we had the abject defeat of 1967 (the Six Day War) it exposed a hollowness to the ideology."
Pankhurst belongs to Hizb ut Tahrir, an organisation founded in the 1950s to campaign for the restoration of the caliphate, and he argues that the revival of the idea has been driven by a general disenchantment with the political systems under which most Muslims have been living. "When people talk about a caliphate they are talking about a leader who's accountable, about justice and accountability according to Islamic law," he says. "That stands in stark contrast to the motley crew of dictators, kings, and oppressive state security type regimes you have, which have no popular legitimacy at all."
The regimes that dominated the Middle East during the late 20th Century did not like Hizb ut Tahrir unsurprisingly, in view of its ideology. Pankhurst spent nearly four years in an Egyptian jail.
In the early days of the Arab Spring, the revolutions in countries like Tunisia, Egypt and Libya were interpreted in Western capitals as evidence that the Muslim future lay with democracy. Then in Egypt came the overthrow of the democratically elected Muslim Brotherhood government by the army under General Abdel Fatah al Sisi and then came the horrors of Islamic State amid the bloody chaos of civil strife in Syria and Iraq.
"Many people will say that IS begins with al Sisi's coup," says Salman Sayyid of Leeds University. "We right now have a growing gap of legitimacy in most governments that rule the Muslim peoples and that gap isn't closing One way of thinking about the caliphate is really a quest for Muslims to have autonomy. The idea that you should have capacity to write your own history becomes very strong and for Muslims I think the caliphate is the instrument for trying to write their own history."
Many classical Sunni scholars challenge the very notion that the caliphate is a political project. Sheikh Ruzwan Mohammed, for example, argues that the key to the caliphate is really spiritual. "I think the Islamic State should come from within," he says. "It should be an Islamic State first and foremost of mind and soul." And the overwhelming majority, even of those who do believe that a new caliphate is a realistic political objective, completely reject the violence espoused by the self styled Islamic State.
But IS has skilfully exploited the elements in the caliphate's history which best serve its purposes. The historian Hugh Kennedy has cheap fashion jewelry bracelet pointed out, for example, that their black uniforms and flags deliberately echo the black robes the Abbasids adopted as their court dress in the 8th Century, thus recalling Islam's Golden Age. And their original title the Islamic counterfeit hermes bags State of Iraq and the Levant harks back to the days when there was no national border between the two countries, because both territories were part of the great Islamic caliphate.
The success of IS does, in a grim way, reflect what a powerful and urgent aspiration the Caliphate has become. The IS project is certainly megalomaniac and atavistic, but it is building on an idea that is much more than a fantasy.
In June the leader of Islamic State declared the creation of a caliphate stretching across parts of Syria and Iraq Abu Bakr al Baghdadi named himself the caliph or leader. Edward Stourton examines the historical parallels and asks what is a caliphate, and what is its appeal?
When Islamic State (IS) declared itself a caliphate in June this year, and its leader Abu Bakr al Baghdadi claimed the title of caliph, it seemed confirmation of the group's reputation for megalomania and atavistic fantasy. Al Baghdadi insisted that pledging allegiance to this caliphate was a religious obligation on all Muslims an appeal which was immediately greeted by a chorus of condemnation across the Middle East.
But is it dangerous to underestimate the appeal of IS? Al Baghdadi's brutal regime does not, of course, remotely conform to the classical Muslim understanding of what a caliphate should be, but it does evoke an aspiration with a powerful and increasingly urgent resonance in the wider Muslim world.
The last caliphate that of the Ottomans was officially abolished 90 years ago this spring. Yet in a 2006 Gallup survey of Muslims living in Egypt, Morocco, Indonesia and Pakistan, two thirds of respondents said they supported the goal of "unifying all Islamic countries" into a new caliphate.
Why do so many Muslims subscribe to this apparently unrealisable dream? The answer lies in the caliphate's history.
The Arabic khalifa means a representative or successor, and in the Koran it is linked to the idea of just government Adam, and then David and Solomon, are each said to be God's khalifa on earth. And when the Prophet Mohammed died in 632 the title was bestowed on his successor as the leader of the Muslim community, the first of the Rashidun, the four so called "Rightly Guided Caliphs" who ruled for the first three decades of the new Islamic era. He argues that their era established an ideal of a caliph as "the choice of the people appointed in order to be responsible to them, apply Islamic law and ensure it's executed". He adds that the true caliph "is not above the law".
Find out more
Listen to The Idea of the Caliphate, broadcast on Analysis on BBC Radio 4 or download the podcast
Shia Muslims challenge this version of history they believe that the first two caliphs effectively staged a coup to frustrate the leadership claims of the Prophet's cousin Ali and this dispute about the early caliphate is the source of Islam's most enduring schism. But to today's Sunni Muslims, many of them living under autocratic regimes, the ideal of a caliphate built on the principle of government by consent is likely to have a powerful appeal.
Another significant source of the caliphate's appeal today is the memory it stirs of Muslim greatness. The era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs was followed by the imperial caliphates of the Umayyads and Abbasids.
"Seventy years after the Prophet's death, this Muslim world stretched from Spain and Morocco right the way to Central Asia and to the southern bits of Pakistan, so a huge empire that was all under the control discount hermes handbags of a single Muslim leader," says historian Prof Hugh Kennedy. "And it's this Muslim unity, the extent of Muslim sovereignty, that people above all look back to."
This Islamic Golden Age was also marked by great intellectual and cultural creativity the Abbasid court in Baghdad valued literature and music, and fostered world changing advances in medicine, science and mathematics.
Yet these dynasties extended their rule so far, and so fast, that it became increasingly difficult for any one lineage to control all Muslim lands. As power fragmented, it was not just a political dilemma for any particular dynasty, but also a theological challenge to the very idea of the caliphate. The power of unity was closely linked to the idea of a caliph yet it only took just over a century of the Muslim faith for the world to see parallel and even competing caliphates emerge.
The Sunni theologian Sheikh Ruzwan Mohammed argues: "While you do have two caliphs on earth proclaiming that they're the representatives of the Muslim community at this point, and more deeply that they are the shadow of God on earth, Muslims at that point were very pragmatic, and they acknowledged the fact that there could be more than one caliph representing the benefits and the concerns of the Muslim community and that was also understood and accepted by Muslim theologians."
The Abbasid caliphate lasted for half a millennium before coming to a brutal end in 1258. When Baghdad fell to the Mongols, the last of the city's caliphs was rolled in a carpet and trampled to death under the hooves of Mongol horses this was, bizarrely, a mark of respect, as the Mongols believed that people of rank should be killed without their blood being shed.
The institution of the caliphate, however, survived. Members of the Abbasid family were installed as titular caliphs in Cairo by the Mamluks, the main Sunni Islamic power of the day. They were more ornaments to the Mamluk court than anything else, but merely by existing they preserved the ideal of a single leader behind whom all Muslims could unite. So the title was still there for the taking when a new Islamic empire arose. Early in the 16th Century it passed in slightly murky circumstances to the Ottoman sultans, who ruled a new Islamic world power for a further 400 years.
The caliphate was finally extinguished by Kemal Ataturk, the father of modern Turkey, in 1924. He believed the abolition of the institution was essential to his campaign to turn what was left of the empire into a 20th Century secular nation state. The last Ottoman caliph was expelled from Istanbul to live out a life of cultured exile in Paris and on the Cote d'Azur.
But the institution he represented had by then existed for nearly 1300 years, and the impact of its abolition on Muslim intellectual life was profound. In the same way, he says, Muslim thinkers in the hermes bags replicas 1920s suddenly found they had to ask fundamental questions they had never confronted before: "Do Muslims need to live in an Islamic State? What should that state be like?"
By the mid 20th Century leaders like Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser had come up with an answer to those questions the ideology known as pan Arabism offered a kind of secular caliphate, and during the 1950s Nasser even established something called the United Arab Republic, which joined Egypt and Syria.
But everything changed in the Middle East with the foundation of the State of Israel, and Pankhurst argues that Pan Arabism was wrecked on the rock of Israeli military might. "Pan Arabism drew its legitimacy from the fact that it was going to return the Arabs to their position of glory and liberate Palestine," he says. "When we had the abject defeat of 1967 (the Six Day War) it exposed a hollowness to the ideology."
Pankhurst belongs to Hizb ut Tahrir, an organisation founded in the 1950s to campaign for the restoration of the caliphate, and he argues that the revival of the idea has been driven by a general disenchantment with the political systems under which most Muslims have been living. "When people talk about a caliphate they are talking about a leader who's accountable, about justice and accountability according to Islamic law," he says. "That stands in stark contrast to the motley crew of dictators, kings, and oppressive state security type regimes you have, which have no popular legitimacy at all."
The regimes that dominated the Middle East during the late 20th Century did not like Hizb ut Tahrir unsurprisingly, in view of its ideology. Pankhurst spent nearly four years in an Egyptian jail.
In the early days of the Arab Spring, the revolutions in countries like Tunisia, Egypt and Libya were interpreted in Western capitals as evidence that the Muslim future lay with democracy. Then in Egypt came the overthrow of the democratically elected Muslim Brotherhood government by the army under General Abdel Fatah al Sisi and then came the horrors of Islamic State amid the bloody chaos of civil strife in Syria and Iraq.
"Many people will say that IS begins with al Sisi's coup," says Salman Sayyid of Leeds University. "We right now have a growing gap of legitimacy in most governments that rule the Muslim peoples and that gap isn't closing One way of thinking about the caliphate is really a quest for Muslims to have autonomy. The idea that you should have capacity to write your own history becomes very strong and for Muslims I think the caliphate is the instrument for trying to write their own history."
Many classical Sunni scholars challenge the very notion that the caliphate is a political project. Sheikh Ruzwan Mohammed, for example, argues that the key to the caliphate is really spiritual. "I think the Islamic State should come from within," he says. "It should be an Islamic State first and foremost of mind and soul." And the overwhelming majority, even of those who do believe that a new caliphate is a realistic political objective, completely reject the violence espoused by the self styled Islamic State.
But IS has skilfully exploited the elements in the caliphate's history which best serve its purposes. The historian Hugh Kennedy has cheap fashion jewelry bracelet pointed out, for example, that their black uniforms and flags deliberately echo the black robes the Abbasids adopted as their court dress in the 8th Century, thus recalling Islam's Golden Age. And their original title the Islamic counterfeit hermes bags State of Iraq and the Levant harks back to the days when there was no national border between the two countries, because both territories were part of the great Islamic caliphate.
The success of IS does, in a grim way, reflect what a powerful and urgent aspiration the Caliphate has become. The IS project is certainly megalomaniac and atavistic, but it is building on an idea that is much more than a fantasy.
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Watching the giant mediums
It is a Sunday evening and I am in a line that winds up stairs, around corners and nearly out the other side of a Scottsdale, fake fashion bangles bracelets Ariz., resort hotel. The indoor temperature is rising and some of us wish we had water bottles for the two hour wait before the event begins.
The following Saturday night, I am shivering with hundreds of others in a church parking lot in Tucson. A 16 passenger van that will transport us three miles to a resort is delayed in traffic.
Thousands of people who flock to similar sold out events across the country nearly every weekend would beg to differ. They endure crowds, traffic jams and scalpers prices for a chance to chat with dead people. More specifically, for an opportunity to be in the same room with someone who might help them do that.
James Van Praagh and John Edward the two psychics who went to Scottsdale and Tucson, respectively are appealing to a burgeoning population of fans. Public opinion polls show a dramatic increase in the number of Americans who think it possible to communicate with the dead. And it easier than ever to become a believer.
No longer the stuff of gauzy curtains and Ouija boards, chatting with the dead has become mainstream. You can learn about it from a host of hot selling books, you can grab your remote to surf for new shows on the topic, or you can dig into your wallet and fight the crowds to see a real life pop medium in person. Van Praagh says none of this would have been possible five or 10 years ago.
talking to the dead is the in thing, he says. Having given up individual readings, he concentrates on maintaining his interactive Web site (featuring live prayer sessions every Tuesday), conducting seminars, and co hosting psychic tropical cruises he calls of enlightenment.
Edward, 32, a white hot New York medium with a hit TV show ( Over With John Edward and bestselling books of his own ( Last Time and Over: The Stories Behind the Stories might be even bigger than Van Praagh. Edward groundbreaking psychic talk show (on the Sci Fi channel and in daytime syndication) has received rave reviews and impressive ratings. Over reaches more than 3 million viewers each weekday. The show has been spoofed on Night Live, it earned Edward a designation as one of People magazine Intriguing People of 2001, and it is spawning a number of copycat shows. Edward is also developing a dramatic television series based loosely on his life scheduled for release this fall.
Van Praagh own hour long daytime talk show, With James Van Praagh, will begin in September on the WB network. With the Dead, a two part miniseries based on Van Praagh life, aired on CBS in April it was the network most successful Sunday in months.
Fueling the interest in after death communication these days is a new book called Afterlife Experiments: Breakthrough Scientific Evidence of Life After Death, in which University of Arizona professor Gary Schwartz recaps scientific studies of a team of mediums (including Edward) to see whether they can really do what they claim. The answer, according to the book, is yes.
Schwartz, a Harvard educated former Yale professor, says some colleagues think he crazy for studying such a taboo topic. I remind myself that we used to think the Earth was flat, the sun revolved around the Earth, and all objects were solid, he says.
He says mediums provided consistently accurate information in his tests with minimal or no contact with the person they were asked to Lucky guesses? copy mens gold bracelet Unlikely. After one exercise in which all the mediums in separate settings got similar, specific information about a woman dead son and his dog, Schwartz calculated the probability of getting such results: less than 1 in 2.5 billion. Schwartz, who has been appearing before standing room only bookstore crowds, says people today are receptive to the possibility that consciousness survives death.
is a theoretical, conceptual openness that hasn existed at any other time in history, he says.
Why? Thanks to a knowledge about things like cellphones and the light from distant stars, Schwartz says, people have a new understanding of the power of energy. And, he says, there is a pressing interest to find the meaning and purpose of life the events of Sept. 11 have only served to deepen that yearning.
Michael F. Brown, a Williams College anthropology professor who wrote a book titled Channeling Zone: American Spirituality in an Anxious Age, says an interest in the afterlife is nothing new. Since the 1850s, when two sisters in New York wowed crowds with their purported ability to communicate with the dead via mysterious tapping noises, Americans have been fascinated, on and off, with spiritualism.
Brown says interest in the phenomenon (which counted a million followers in the 1850s) has coincided with struggles for individualism. During the 1980s and he says, fascination with after death communication moved from ashrams into homes and offices. Today, it has become even more commonplace, courtesy of television and the Internet.
The Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera of the psychic world, Edward and Van Praagh have different styles and fan bases, but their talents and their tales of how they came to realize and develop their gifts are quite similar.
Both were raised Catholic in New York. The youngest of four children, Van Praagh had a carpenter stagehand father and an alcoholic mother. Edward was the only child born to a police officer father and an executive secretary mother. Both say they experienced psychic phenomena premonitions, visions of dead people, out of body experiences as young as 4 and 6 years old. Both tried to ignore those things, which frightened and puzzled them. Both claim to have been uninterested in the paranormal until psychics told them (Van Praagh at age 24 and Edward at age 15) that they had unique gifts and would work to help people make connections with the spiritual world.
Both spent years studying and developing their psychic abilities while pursuing mainstream careers. Edward has a degree in public health and administration (and a side passion for ballroom dancing) and Knockoff hermes bag styles after college went to work in a hospital. Both worked as mediums in their spare time until the demand for their psychic services became overwhelming and they dropped their day jobs.
Both men claim everyone has psychic abilities that can be honed. They say they merely tune in to the frequency at which fake black enamel jewelry the spirit world communicates, then try to interpret and pass on those messages to the person being read.
Critics who are just as vociferous on the Internet as the mediums supporters say Van Praagh and Edward are nothing but scam artists who take advantage of people grief. They claim the two can merely edit out their mistakes on TV, use hidden microphones or employ other methods to learn about audience members, and rely on reading techniques, which include talking fast, making safe guesses, and picking up on unwittingly offered clues. Worse, detractors say, the two are making millions of dollars using such fraudulent tactics. (Skeptics need only to point to those who lost gobs of money to Miss Cleo, the dial a psychic who advertised heavily on late night TV, to show the gullibility of the paranormal hungry public.)
And so when Edward and Van Praagh both went to Arizona in a rare confluence of their schedules it provided a chance to examine each man, his followers and his techniques in person. I hoped to see whether I could spot any trickery and in the process to learn whether either or both of them were for real.
my ticket to Van Praagh sold out seminar in Scottsdale I paid $45 a bargain compared to the hundreds of dollars charged for his weekend seminars around the country. I was joined by 1,300 others, about 90 percent female and 99 percent white. They were eager for an otherworldly contact. In line for the bathroom before the show, two ladies behind me leaned against a wall and chatted about why Van Praagh quit doing personal readings in favor of larger groups and cruises. where the big money is, one offered.
Suddenly, the restroom door swung open.
my God! Did that door just open by itself? one of them asked. Later, I spotted an earthly explanation a wall mounted door opening device for the handicapped.
Inside the ballroom, a heavenly mood was set by soft lights, candles and a beatific looking guy playing angelic keyboard music. On the sides of the room were water dispensers and tissue boxes. To the rear, a spiritual marketplace, offering spiritual CDs, angel paraphernalia, Godiva chocolate snacks, and stacks of Van Praagh books. Glossy brochures and a sign up sheet promoted his cruises to the Caribbean and South Pacific, costing from $1,850 to $5,550.
When Van Praagh entered, his fans went wild. Dressed in a purple shirt and tan slacks, with dramatically dark hair and triangle shaped eyebrows and mustache, he joked that cast tall when Ted Danson was tapped to play him in the TV miniseries.
It is a Sunday evening and I am in a line that winds up stairs, around corners and nearly out the other side of a Scottsdale, fake fashion bangles bracelets Ariz., resort hotel. The indoor temperature is rising and some of us wish we had water bottles for the two hour wait before the event begins.
The following Saturday night, I am shivering with hundreds of others in a church parking lot in Tucson. A 16 passenger van that will transport us three miles to a resort is delayed in traffic.
Thousands of people who flock to similar sold out events across the country nearly every weekend would beg to differ. They endure crowds, traffic jams and scalpers prices for a chance to chat with dead people. More specifically, for an opportunity to be in the same room with someone who might help them do that.
James Van Praagh and John Edward the two psychics who went to Scottsdale and Tucson, respectively are appealing to a burgeoning population of fans. Public opinion polls show a dramatic increase in the number of Americans who think it possible to communicate with the dead. And it easier than ever to become a believer.
No longer the stuff of gauzy curtains and Ouija boards, chatting with the dead has become mainstream. You can learn about it from a host of hot selling books, you can grab your remote to surf for new shows on the topic, or you can dig into your wallet and fight the crowds to see a real life pop medium in person. Van Praagh says none of this would have been possible five or 10 years ago.
talking to the dead is the in thing, he says. Having given up individual readings, he concentrates on maintaining his interactive Web site (featuring live prayer sessions every Tuesday), conducting seminars, and co hosting psychic tropical cruises he calls of enlightenment.
Edward, 32, a white hot New York medium with a hit TV show ( Over With John Edward and bestselling books of his own ( Last Time and Over: The Stories Behind the Stories might be even bigger than Van Praagh. Edward groundbreaking psychic talk show (on the Sci Fi channel and in daytime syndication) has received rave reviews and impressive ratings. Over reaches more than 3 million viewers each weekday. The show has been spoofed on Night Live, it earned Edward a designation as one of People magazine Intriguing People of 2001, and it is spawning a number of copycat shows. Edward is also developing a dramatic television series based loosely on his life scheduled for release this fall.
Van Praagh own hour long daytime talk show, With James Van Praagh, will begin in September on the WB network. With the Dead, a two part miniseries based on Van Praagh life, aired on CBS in April it was the network most successful Sunday in months.
Fueling the interest in after death communication these days is a new book called Afterlife Experiments: Breakthrough Scientific Evidence of Life After Death, in which University of Arizona professor Gary Schwartz recaps scientific studies of a team of mediums (including Edward) to see whether they can really do what they claim. The answer, according to the book, is yes.
Schwartz, a Harvard educated former Yale professor, says some colleagues think he crazy for studying such a taboo topic. I remind myself that we used to think the Earth was flat, the sun revolved around the Earth, and all objects were solid, he says.
He says mediums provided consistently accurate information in his tests with minimal or no contact with the person they were asked to Lucky guesses? copy mens gold bracelet Unlikely. After one exercise in which all the mediums in separate settings got similar, specific information about a woman dead son and his dog, Schwartz calculated the probability of getting such results: less than 1 in 2.5 billion. Schwartz, who has been appearing before standing room only bookstore crowds, says people today are receptive to the possibility that consciousness survives death.
is a theoretical, conceptual openness that hasn existed at any other time in history, he says.
Why? Thanks to a knowledge about things like cellphones and the light from distant stars, Schwartz says, people have a new understanding of the power of energy. And, he says, there is a pressing interest to find the meaning and purpose of life the events of Sept. 11 have only served to deepen that yearning.
Michael F. Brown, a Williams College anthropology professor who wrote a book titled Channeling Zone: American Spirituality in an Anxious Age, says an interest in the afterlife is nothing new. Since the 1850s, when two sisters in New York wowed crowds with their purported ability to communicate with the dead via mysterious tapping noises, Americans have been fascinated, on and off, with spiritualism.
Brown says interest in the phenomenon (which counted a million followers in the 1850s) has coincided with struggles for individualism. During the 1980s and he says, fascination with after death communication moved from ashrams into homes and offices. Today, it has become even more commonplace, courtesy of television and the Internet.
The Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera of the psychic world, Edward and Van Praagh have different styles and fan bases, but their talents and their tales of how they came to realize and develop their gifts are quite similar.
Both were raised Catholic in New York. The youngest of four children, Van Praagh had a carpenter stagehand father and an alcoholic mother. Edward was the only child born to a police officer father and an executive secretary mother. Both say they experienced psychic phenomena premonitions, visions of dead people, out of body experiences as young as 4 and 6 years old. Both tried to ignore those things, which frightened and puzzled them. Both claim to have been uninterested in the paranormal until psychics told them (Van Praagh at age 24 and Edward at age 15) that they had unique gifts and would work to help people make connections with the spiritual world.
Both spent years studying and developing their psychic abilities while pursuing mainstream careers. Edward has a degree in public health and administration (and a side passion for ballroom dancing) and Knockoff hermes bag styles after college went to work in a hospital. Both worked as mediums in their spare time until the demand for their psychic services became overwhelming and they dropped their day jobs.
Both men claim everyone has psychic abilities that can be honed. They say they merely tune in to the frequency at which fake black enamel jewelry the spirit world communicates, then try to interpret and pass on those messages to the person being read.
Critics who are just as vociferous on the Internet as the mediums supporters say Van Praagh and Edward are nothing but scam artists who take advantage of people grief. They claim the two can merely edit out their mistakes on TV, use hidden microphones or employ other methods to learn about audience members, and rely on reading techniques, which include talking fast, making safe guesses, and picking up on unwittingly offered clues. Worse, detractors say, the two are making millions of dollars using such fraudulent tactics. (Skeptics need only to point to those who lost gobs of money to Miss Cleo, the dial a psychic who advertised heavily on late night TV, to show the gullibility of the paranormal hungry public.)
And so when Edward and Van Praagh both went to Arizona in a rare confluence of their schedules it provided a chance to examine each man, his followers and his techniques in person. I hoped to see whether I could spot any trickery and in the process to learn whether either or both of them were for real.
my ticket to Van Praagh sold out seminar in Scottsdale I paid $45 a bargain compared to the hundreds of dollars charged for his weekend seminars around the country. I was joined by 1,300 others, about 90 percent female and 99 percent white. They were eager for an otherworldly contact. In line for the bathroom before the show, two ladies behind me leaned against a wall and chatted about why Van Praagh quit doing personal readings in favor of larger groups and cruises. where the big money is, one offered.
Suddenly, the restroom door swung open.
my God! Did that door just open by itself? one of them asked. Later, I spotted an earthly explanation a wall mounted door opening device for the handicapped.
Inside the ballroom, a heavenly mood was set by soft lights, candles and a beatific looking guy playing angelic keyboard music. On the sides of the room were water dispensers and tissue boxes. To the rear, a spiritual marketplace, offering spiritual CDs, angel paraphernalia, Godiva chocolate snacks, and stacks of Van Praagh books. Glossy brochures and a sign up sheet promoted his cruises to the Caribbean and South Pacific, costing from $1,850 to $5,550.
When Van Praagh entered, his fans went wild. Dressed in a purple shirt and tan slacks, with dramatically dark hair and triangle shaped eyebrows and mustache, he joked that cast tall when Ted Danson was tapped to play him in the TV miniseries.
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{ phone }
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By clicking "Create Account", I hearby grant permission to Postmedia to use my account information to create my account.
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Update Knockoff hermes handbags price (Thursday, Jan. We await more details.
It time for another cross country real estate checkup.
The 107 year old Castle Manor used to be a care home but has sat empty for several years. It needs a little cleanup, but has the sort of vital stats you looking for: 54 rooms, 12 foot ceilings, stained glass windows and an exterior of cut stone and brick. It all sits on a grassy, 30,000 square foot lot.
Take a look at some of the pics. epaper, Digital Access, Subscriber Rewards), please input your Print Newspaper subscription phone number and postal code.
{ phone }
{ addressPostalCode }
By clicking "Create Account", I hearby grant permission copy gold and enamel jewelry to Postmedia to use my account information to create my account.
I also accept and agree to be bound by Postmedia's Terms and Conditions with respect to my use of the Site and I have read and understand Postmedia's Privacy Statement. epaper, Digital Access, Subscriber Rewards), please input your Print Newspaper subscription phone number and postal code.
{ phone }
{ addressPostalCode }
By clicking "Create Account", I hearby grant permission to Postmedia to use my account information to create my account.
I also accept and agree to be bound by Postmedia's Terms and Conditions with respect to my copy fashion bangles bracelets use of the Site and I have read and understand Postmedia's Privacy Statement. I consent to the collection, use, maintenance, and disclosure of my information in accordance with the Postmedia's Privacy Policy.
Wat zijn pijnloos Migraine afleveringen
De meeste mensen denken van een migraine als ondraaglijke pijn, maar een migraine aflevering is veel meer dan pijn. fake Hermes bag maintenance Migraine hebben meestal vier fasen: pre headache, aura, hoofdpijn en post headache. Miljoenen mensen lijden wereldwijd aan deze volwaardige, 4 traps migraine maar een minderheid ervaren pijnloos afleveringen. Dus wat zijn pijnloos migraine afleveringen?
Technisch, er is niet zoiets als een pijnloos migraine. Dat wil zeggen, als je door de International Headache Society (IHS) richtsnoeren voor diagnose en classificatie van hoofdpijn aandoeningen. Nog kan uw arts u vertellen dat de jouwe een pijnloos migraine is. Hij of zij kan noemen het een pijnloos, optische migraine.
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Hebt u een pijnloos migraine, hebt je de visuele symptomen van de aura en andere symptomen van een migraine zonder de hoofdpijn. Dergelijke migraine zou meestal een migraine met aura genoemd. Een arts de IHS richtlijnen zou beschrijven als "acephalgic" wat betekent "zonder hoofdpijn."
De voortgang van uw pijnloos migraine u fase 2 de aura. Deze bekende fase kan duurt minder dan een uur in de meeste gevallen, maar angstaanjagende. Enkele van de bizarre symptomen en effecten van de aura worden verondersteld te hebben benvloed Lewis Carroll zoals hij schreef "Alice in Wonderland."
De meeste mensen denken van aura als alleen visuele: zigzag lijnen, vlekken vr uw ogen of knipperende lampjes. Zij geloven dat de aura fase benvloedt alleen de ogen. Dit how much is a hermes handbag kan verklaren de arts termijn, "pijnloos, optische migraine."
Het is waar dat dit typische aura symptomen zijn, maar de aura fase vele symptomen heeft, met inbegrip van:
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verwarring in het denken dingen ben niet het maken van gevoel
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uit het oog verlies gedeeltelijke of wazige visie
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Hebt u een pijnloos migraine, stopt je aflevering hier. U gaan niet op om te ervaren het kloppende pijn.
Andere termen die worden gebruikt voor een pijnloos migraine omvatten "migraine gelijkwaardig," "stille migraine" en "sans migraine." Zelfs als u denkt u een pijnloos migraine dat, overleg met uw provider gezondheidszorg om zeker te zijn. Andere ernstige aandoeningen kunnen aanwezig zijn.
Pijnloos migraine afleveringen kunnen in sommige gevallen worden voorkomen terwijl anderen kunnen effectief worden behandeld. Uw volgende pijnloos migraine omzetten in een non event.
Verwante artikelen in de hoofdpijnen van de Migraine
Mensen die genteresseerd zijn in het bovenstaande artikel zijn ook genteresseerd in de aanverwante artikelen hieronder:
Mijn natuurlijke specials voor de bestrijding van migraine
Hier moet ik beginnen een korte serie die zal op mijn top trilhamers voor de behandeling van migraine pijn natuurlijk. Er zijn verschillende natuurlijke supplementen en kruiden remedies die enkel pijnstillers onnodige en zelfs maken kunnen verkorten de duur van een migraine aflevering. Sommige gevallen van migraine zijn zo ernstig dat ze verstoren van dag tot dag activiteiten voor zo lang als drie dagen. Om deze reden, vitamine migraine help technieken zijn ontworpen om te helpen mensen omgaan met migraine of zelfs uitgeroeid hen volledig.
De meeste mensen denken van een migraine als ondraaglijke pijn, maar een migraine aflevering is veel meer dan pijn. fake Hermes bag maintenance Migraine hebben meestal vier fasen: pre headache, aura, hoofdpijn en post headache. Miljoenen mensen lijden wereldwijd aan deze volwaardige, 4 traps migraine maar een minderheid ervaren pijnloos afleveringen. Dus wat zijn pijnloos migraine afleveringen?
Technisch, er is niet zoiets als een pijnloos migraine. Dat wil zeggen, als je door de International Headache Society (IHS) richtsnoeren voor diagnose en classificatie van hoofdpijn aandoeningen. Nog kan uw arts u vertellen dat de jouwe een pijnloos migraine is. Hij of zij kan noemen het een pijnloos, optische migraine.
Het antwoord is in de vraag. Een pijnloos migraine is een migraine aflevering die begint met de typische pre headache fase, vordert naar de copy hermes bags aura fase van een migraine aanval, replica hermes handbags en dan stopt korte. Het slaat de hoofdpijn fase de pijn.
Hebt u een pijnloos migraine, hebt je de visuele symptomen van de aura en andere symptomen van een migraine zonder de hoofdpijn. Dergelijke migraine zou meestal een migraine met aura genoemd. Een arts de IHS richtlijnen zou beschrijven als "acephalgic" wat betekent "zonder hoofdpijn."
De voortgang van uw pijnloos migraine u fase 2 de aura. Deze bekende fase kan duurt minder dan een uur in de meeste gevallen, maar angstaanjagende. Enkele van de bizarre symptomen en effecten van de aura worden verondersteld te hebben benvloed Lewis Carroll zoals hij schreef "Alice in Wonderland."
De meeste mensen denken van aura als alleen visuele: zigzag lijnen, vlekken vr uw ogen of knipperende lampjes. Zij geloven dat de aura fase benvloedt alleen de ogen. Dit how much is a hermes handbag kan verklaren de arts termijn, "pijnloos, optische migraine."
Het is waar dat dit typische aura symptomen zijn, maar de aura fase vele symptomen heeft, met inbegrip van:
auditieve hallucinaties hoort u geluiden die zijn er niet
verwarring in het denken dingen ben niet het maken van gevoel
moeilijk vinden de woorden die u wilt
vermeerderd gevoel en touch of verminderd gevoel en aanraking
olfactorische hallucinaties je ruikt geuren die zijn er niet
uit het oog verlies gedeeltelijke of wazige visie
tinteling of gevoelloosheid van je gezicht
visuele hallucinaties zie u bezienswaardigheden die zijn er niet: knippert felle lichten, golvende lijnen, vlekken of zigzag lijnen
Hebt u een pijnloos migraine, stopt je aflevering hier. U gaan niet op om te ervaren het kloppende pijn.
Andere termen die worden gebruikt voor een pijnloos migraine omvatten "migraine gelijkwaardig," "stille migraine" en "sans migraine." Zelfs als u denkt u een pijnloos migraine dat, overleg met uw provider gezondheidszorg om zeker te zijn. Andere ernstige aandoeningen kunnen aanwezig zijn.
Pijnloos migraine afleveringen kunnen in sommige gevallen worden voorkomen terwijl anderen kunnen effectief worden behandeld. Uw volgende pijnloos migraine omzetten in een non event.
Verwante artikelen in de hoofdpijnen van de Migraine
Mensen die genteresseerd zijn in het bovenstaande artikel zijn ook genteresseerd in de aanverwante artikelen hieronder:
Mijn natuurlijke specials voor de bestrijding van migraine
Hier moet ik beginnen een korte serie die zal op mijn top trilhamers voor de behandeling van migraine pijn natuurlijk. Er zijn verschillende natuurlijke supplementen en kruiden remedies die enkel pijnstillers onnodige en zelfs maken kunnen verkorten de duur van een migraine aflevering. Sommige gevallen van migraine zijn zo ernstig dat ze verstoren van dag tot dag activiteiten voor zo lang als drie dagen. Om deze reden, vitamine migraine help technieken zijn ontworpen om te helpen mensen omgaan met migraine of zelfs uitgeroeid hen volledig.
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Who Trespass
Bill O wants to sell you a part of himself. This week, it not a membership to his Web site or the Stops Here doormat, or any of the other merchandise he regularly hawks on his show. No, he selling his first work of fiction, Who Trespass: A Novel of Murder and Television. Originally published in 1998 by a small press, it was rereleased last week in a Broadway Books trade paper edition. Mel Gibson has already optioned the rights for the movie, certainly a change of pace from the Passion of the Christ. Last Monday night on his Fox News show, O billed the book as an thriller that for children, not for adults who find strong situations objectionable. The novel, he says, will give the reader an insider view of the media and the New York Police Department. Like many other works of fiction think Philip Roth Nathan Zuckerman books or John Updike Rabbit Angstrom series it seems largely autobiographical. The talented talk show host serves up characters who are paranoid, arrogant, insecure and supremely egotistical. On television, those qualities are O greatest assets his personality fills the screen as he strikes down enemies at the New York Times, CNN and NPR, derides Al Franken, and defends himself against an Internet infested with merchants. Translated to the page, however, those assets are fatal flaws.
The autobiographical evidence is clear: Both main characters are thinly veiled versions of O himself. The protagonist is Tom O a tough talking Irish American detective from Levittown, Long Island (O hometown). Our antagonist, a deranged killer, is Shannon Michaels, a tough talking news broadcaster who enjoys telling it like it is and making enemies. Michaels starts his career as a foreign correspondent for a big TV network and gets sidelined to a lesser TV gig. (O reported overseas for ABC News before heading to the tabloid show Edition. With O personality divided between good and evil, the cat and mouse game detective vs. killer begins.
A string of murders rocks the media world. In the opening chapter, a TV correspondent covering the Clintons vacation on Martha Vineyard gets offed. The cause of death, O says, is a long stemmed silver spoon through the roof of the guy mouth. (Promoting the book on Morning America, O told co host Charlie Gibson, kill you on Page 6. The second TV bigwig to be murdered is young woman named Hillary Ross, an executive whose career has been based on using and abusing the press and who care less about journalistic ethics because to her it an oxymoron. replica hermes bags outlet Hillary punishment is severe: Michaels stuffs pantyhose in her mouth before tossing her off the balcony of a Central Park West apartment.
As the narrative moves on, Michaels kills again and again. On a Malibu beach, he buries a man up to his neck in the sand. The crime? The victim produced faulty demographic research saying that younger audiences like younger news anchors. (Take that, Nielsen ratings!) Later, he slits the throat of local TV host Lance Worthington with a box cutter. a cutthroat business you in, Worthington, the killer says. The use of literary metaphor is in full effect the media industry is brutal, so brutal.
No worries, though O is on the case. He uncovers what makes the murderer tick. It called slaughter, the boys down at the lab explain, brought on by a case of narcissism. The motive: TV job gave him daily ego gratification and excitement [Michaels] got the attention he craved, the admiration of thousands. Being on TV was like a drug to him and when it fake hermes leather handbags was taken away from him, he had to find a substitute drug. That substitute, of course, is murder. One might argue, based on nightly viewings of his talk show, that O may be an addict too.
The story heats up, sort of. The confrontation between the two O alter egos takes on the air of high powered interview. Michaels was actually looking forward to his upcoming battle of wits with Detective O our narrator tells us. ego craved that kind of stimulating confrontation People used to ask why villains would sit for an interview with a person like Mike Wallace on Minutes. It was an ego thing. They wanted to see if they could hold their own with a guy like Mike. They usually couldn Here, the reader gets a glimpse of O Factor successful formula: O program is primarily an entertaining clash of egos, not of ideas.
Naturally, there a complicating how much is a hermes handbag factor thrown into the equation, and it spelled B A B E. O and Michaels are in love with the same woman, Ashley Van Buren, a 31 year old tabloid reporter with a bust that both helped and hurt her career. The Vassar grad, employed by a newspaper that has all the markings of the New York Post, is tenacious in her quest for the truth. Assigned to cover the murders, she gets personally involved with both of the O personas. At first, she cannot resist the charms of the evil O and the narrator tells us why, in the form of a dating tip. had learned a long time ago that being coy was an essential part of flirting. Women liked confident men, but they also liked little boys. For men, the trick was to combine the two qualities.
Sticking with convention, though, the good O that is, not the psychopathic murderer gets the girl in the end. painful, dangerous ordeal had turned into one of the most joyous times of her life, we learn on the last page. The scene takes place on a Caribbean beach, where the narrator waxes on. of confusion and chaos, Ashley Van Buren had found clarity and happiness. And, as she wrapped her slender arms around Tommy thick neck, she hoped those new feelings would deepen and last forever. For his part, O naked and at attention.
Yes, no thriller would be complete without sex, and the inimitable quality of O erotic prose in Who Trespass has been extensively documented on Salon and elsewhere. Still, it worth noting a few things about O writing. Kirkus Reviews calls the language one could stick to the simpler adjective Within the first 10 pages, for example, we treated to clouds were assembling in the west, intense sexual hunger was apparent to anyone who bothered to notice, and did what he usually did when gratification eluded him he got unpleasant. But even the insider dope occasionally seems problematic. For instance, when describing the restaurant Le Cirque, O writes: habitu include some of New York most powerful residents like Henry Kissinger, Barbara Walters and Liz Smith. Coincidentally, Liz Smith is quoted on the 1998 edition dust jacket ( Smith also loved this copy hermes bags one! and she is thanked in the acknowledgments. He had three nonfiction bestsellers; why shouldn this novel be the fourth? Any regular viewer of O Factor can easily anticipate his response to mean spirited reviews (like, well, this one, and all the others so far) by recalling a recent comment he made on the show: today eagerly embraces slander and defamation. But in the long run, O may have posterity on his side. A helpful Barnes Noble employee pointed out to me that Who Trespass will sit on the fiction and literature shelf in between Michael Ondaatje and George Orwell. If those two gentlemen don object to the company, why should we?
Bill O wants to sell you a part of himself. This week, it not a membership to his Web site or the Stops Here doormat, or any of the other merchandise he regularly hawks on his show. No, he selling his first work of fiction, Who Trespass: A Novel of Murder and Television. Originally published in 1998 by a small press, it was rereleased last week in a Broadway Books trade paper edition. Mel Gibson has already optioned the rights for the movie, certainly a change of pace from the Passion of the Christ. Last Monday night on his Fox News show, O billed the book as an thriller that for children, not for adults who find strong situations objectionable. The novel, he says, will give the reader an insider view of the media and the New York Police Department. Like many other works of fiction think Philip Roth Nathan Zuckerman books or John Updike Rabbit Angstrom series it seems largely autobiographical. The talented talk show host serves up characters who are paranoid, arrogant, insecure and supremely egotistical. On television, those qualities are O greatest assets his personality fills the screen as he strikes down enemies at the New York Times, CNN and NPR, derides Al Franken, and defends himself against an Internet infested with merchants. Translated to the page, however, those assets are fatal flaws.
The autobiographical evidence is clear: Both main characters are thinly veiled versions of O himself. The protagonist is Tom O a tough talking Irish American detective from Levittown, Long Island (O hometown). Our antagonist, a deranged killer, is Shannon Michaels, a tough talking news broadcaster who enjoys telling it like it is and making enemies. Michaels starts his career as a foreign correspondent for a big TV network and gets sidelined to a lesser TV gig. (O reported overseas for ABC News before heading to the tabloid show Edition. With O personality divided between good and evil, the cat and mouse game detective vs. killer begins.
A string of murders rocks the media world. In the opening chapter, a TV correspondent covering the Clintons vacation on Martha Vineyard gets offed. The cause of death, O says, is a long stemmed silver spoon through the roof of the guy mouth. (Promoting the book on Morning America, O told co host Charlie Gibson, kill you on Page 6. The second TV bigwig to be murdered is young woman named Hillary Ross, an executive whose career has been based on using and abusing the press and who care less about journalistic ethics because to her it an oxymoron. replica hermes bags outlet Hillary punishment is severe: Michaels stuffs pantyhose in her mouth before tossing her off the balcony of a Central Park West apartment.
As the narrative moves on, Michaels kills again and again. On a Malibu beach, he buries a man up to his neck in the sand. The crime? The victim produced faulty demographic research saying that younger audiences like younger news anchors. (Take that, Nielsen ratings!) Later, he slits the throat of local TV host Lance Worthington with a box cutter. a cutthroat business you in, Worthington, the killer says. The use of literary metaphor is in full effect the media industry is brutal, so brutal.
No worries, though O is on the case. He uncovers what makes the murderer tick. It called slaughter, the boys down at the lab explain, brought on by a case of narcissism. The motive: TV job gave him daily ego gratification and excitement [Michaels] got the attention he craved, the admiration of thousands. Being on TV was like a drug to him and when it fake hermes leather handbags was taken away from him, he had to find a substitute drug. That substitute, of course, is murder. One might argue, based on nightly viewings of his talk show, that O may be an addict too.
The story heats up, sort of. The confrontation between the two O alter egos takes on the air of high powered interview. Michaels was actually looking forward to his upcoming battle of wits with Detective O our narrator tells us. ego craved that kind of stimulating confrontation People used to ask why villains would sit for an interview with a person like Mike Wallace on Minutes. It was an ego thing. They wanted to see if they could hold their own with a guy like Mike. They usually couldn Here, the reader gets a glimpse of O Factor successful formula: O program is primarily an entertaining clash of egos, not of ideas.
Naturally, there a complicating how much is a hermes handbag factor thrown into the equation, and it spelled B A B E. O and Michaels are in love with the same woman, Ashley Van Buren, a 31 year old tabloid reporter with a bust that both helped and hurt her career. The Vassar grad, employed by a newspaper that has all the markings of the New York Post, is tenacious in her quest for the truth. Assigned to cover the murders, she gets personally involved with both of the O personas. At first, she cannot resist the charms of the evil O and the narrator tells us why, in the form of a dating tip. had learned a long time ago that being coy was an essential part of flirting. Women liked confident men, but they also liked little boys. For men, the trick was to combine the two qualities.
Sticking with convention, though, the good O that is, not the psychopathic murderer gets the girl in the end. painful, dangerous ordeal had turned into one of the most joyous times of her life, we learn on the last page. The scene takes place on a Caribbean beach, where the narrator waxes on. of confusion and chaos, Ashley Van Buren had found clarity and happiness. And, as she wrapped her slender arms around Tommy thick neck, she hoped those new feelings would deepen and last forever. For his part, O naked and at attention.
Yes, no thriller would be complete without sex, and the inimitable quality of O erotic prose in Who Trespass has been extensively documented on Salon and elsewhere. Still, it worth noting a few things about O writing. Kirkus Reviews calls the language one could stick to the simpler adjective Within the first 10 pages, for example, we treated to clouds were assembling in the west, intense sexual hunger was apparent to anyone who bothered to notice, and did what he usually did when gratification eluded him he got unpleasant. But even the insider dope occasionally seems problematic. For instance, when describing the restaurant Le Cirque, O writes: habitu include some of New York most powerful residents like Henry Kissinger, Barbara Walters and Liz Smith. Coincidentally, Liz Smith is quoted on the 1998 edition dust jacket ( Smith also loved this copy hermes bags one! and she is thanked in the acknowledgments. He had three nonfiction bestsellers; why shouldn this novel be the fourth? Any regular viewer of O Factor can easily anticipate his response to mean spirited reviews (like, well, this one, and all the others so far) by recalling a recent comment he made on the show: today eagerly embraces slander and defamation. But in the long run, O may have posterity on his side. A helpful Barnes Noble employee pointed out to me that Who Trespass will sit on the fiction and literature shelf in between Michael Ondaatje and George Orwell. If those two gentlemen don object to the company, why should we?