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Burn Victim Dreads Day His Father Gets Paroled
David Rothenberg has dreaded this day since kindergarten.
The father who doused him with kerosene and set him afire seven years ago is getting out of prison Wednesday. And although Charles Rothenberg has vowed never again to hurt his son, David doesn't buy it.
He has practiced self defense and all the best ways to flee his Orange County home. He knows the fastest routes on his bicycle from his junior high school. He has learned to use the BB gun he got for Christmas, sometimes sleeping with it propped beside his bed.
"I'd shoot his eye out if he ever came over. I'd blind him," David said,van cleef alhambra knock off necklace, his voice rising, his brown eyes widening. "He will be out there, free. He probably has people out there right now looking for me. I will have to live the rest of my life on the line. . . . always looking behind me."
Despite repeated efforts by state corrections officials to keep Rothenberg imprisoned longer, he will be paroled Wednesday from the California Men's Colony in San Luis Obispo, having served his time.
Rothenberg,van cleef and arpel knock off necklace, 49, was convicted of attempted murder, arson and other crimes connected to the March 3, 1983, fire at a Buena Park Travelodge that left his son burned beyond recognition. He received a 13 year sentence, the maximum penalty allowed by state sentencing laws that have since been toughened. Were he to have been sentenced today, Rothenberg could have been sent to prison for life.
Because he was largely a model prisoner, state law allowed him a day off his sentence for every day he worked behind bars. So his clerical job in the Soledad state prison and his maintenance work at the Men's Colony reduced his sentence to 6 1/2 years. A few more weeks were tacked onto his term after Rothenberg violated prison rules last year by having letters hand delivered instead of mailed.
Public outrage over Rothenberg's release has prompted a shroud of secrecy about his parole destination, which was not decided until Friday, said Tipton C. Kindel, spokesman for the California Department of Corrections. A desert community in Riverside County last year rejected his request to be paroled there; a family that offered two years ago to help Rothenberg upon his release claim that they have received death threats. Rothenberg himself was attacked Jan. 10 by another inmate enraged over what Rothenberg had done to his son.
So parole officials anticipating trouble if news leaks of Rothenberg's whereabouts are working with three possible locations to send the arsonist. Rothenberg will be among the last to know where he is going.
"I hope it's, like, really far away," David Rothenberg said. "Otherwise I'll have to move to another state or something!"
Although Rothenberg has been in the medium security prison since September, the corrections department decided Friday to place him under the toughest restrictions of any parolee in California to date, Kindel said. An electronic transmitter the size of a cigarette package will be attached to him to alert officials if he leaves the area to which he will be paroled. He will be under 24 hour "physical surveillance," and a parole agent will live with him, Kindel added.
Parole officials also have assured David, his mother and stepfather,van cleef fake necklaces, Marie and Richard Hafdahl,van cleef and arpel replica necklace, that Rothenberg will not be paroled to Orange County and cannot go there. Rothenberg will be forbidden to contact the family until his parole expires in three years.
This, however, has done little to assuage David's fear, an invisible but oppressive tension he bears daily.
Now, halfway through eighth grade, he periodically has suffered nightmares about his father "coming back to get me." They have vanished lately but he worries that "they could come back, after Wednesday."
He also worries about his mother, who was Rothenberg's real target that March 3.
Rothenberg, fleeing a warrant charging him with vandalizing a New York restaurant where he worked, took his son for what would be a week's vacation in the Catskills. Or so he told his ex wife. Instead, they went to Buena Park and planned to visit Disneyland and Knott's Berry Farm.
After a week of rain, Rothenberg telephoned his ex wife to ask for more time with his son. When he accidentally revealed that he was in another state, David's mother got angry. She told Rothenberg he would never see his son again once they returned to New York.
That regrettable phone call, both David's parents concede, triggered the tragic fire. In the minutes after midnight, Rothenberg emptied a gallon jug of kerosene around the bed where David lay sleeping, then struck a match and fled. A nationwide manhunt led to his arrest a week later in San Francisco. He confessed to trying to kill his son in a twisted quest to hurt the wife who had divorced him, saying, "If I couldn't have him, nobody else could."
He claims in letters to The Times that he will not bother his son or ex wife. But the fact that Rothenberg has said his "only reason for living" is to see David "and ask for his forgiveness" troubles his son and ex wife.
David Rothenberg has dreaded this day since kindergarten.
The father who doused him with kerosene and set him afire seven years ago is getting out of prison Wednesday. And although Charles Rothenberg has vowed never again to hurt his son, David doesn't buy it.
He has practiced self defense and all the best ways to flee his Orange County home. He knows the fastest routes on his bicycle from his junior high school. He has learned to use the BB gun he got for Christmas, sometimes sleeping with it propped beside his bed.
"I'd shoot his eye out if he ever came over. I'd blind him," David said,van cleef alhambra knock off necklace, his voice rising, his brown eyes widening. "He will be out there, free. He probably has people out there right now looking for me. I will have to live the rest of my life on the line. . . . always looking behind me."
Despite repeated efforts by state corrections officials to keep Rothenberg imprisoned longer, he will be paroled Wednesday from the California Men's Colony in San Luis Obispo, having served his time.
Rothenberg,van cleef and arpel knock off necklace, 49, was convicted of attempted murder, arson and other crimes connected to the March 3, 1983, fire at a Buena Park Travelodge that left his son burned beyond recognition. He received a 13 year sentence, the maximum penalty allowed by state sentencing laws that have since been toughened. Were he to have been sentenced today, Rothenberg could have been sent to prison for life.
Because he was largely a model prisoner, state law allowed him a day off his sentence for every day he worked behind bars. So his clerical job in the Soledad state prison and his maintenance work at the Men's Colony reduced his sentence to 6 1/2 years. A few more weeks were tacked onto his term after Rothenberg violated prison rules last year by having letters hand delivered instead of mailed.
Public outrage over Rothenberg's release has prompted a shroud of secrecy about his parole destination, which was not decided until Friday, said Tipton C. Kindel, spokesman for the California Department of Corrections. A desert community in Riverside County last year rejected his request to be paroled there; a family that offered two years ago to help Rothenberg upon his release claim that they have received death threats. Rothenberg himself was attacked Jan. 10 by another inmate enraged over what Rothenberg had done to his son.
So parole officials anticipating trouble if news leaks of Rothenberg's whereabouts are working with three possible locations to send the arsonist. Rothenberg will be among the last to know where he is going.
"I hope it's, like, really far away," David Rothenberg said. "Otherwise I'll have to move to another state or something!"
Although Rothenberg has been in the medium security prison since September, the corrections department decided Friday to place him under the toughest restrictions of any parolee in California to date, Kindel said. An electronic transmitter the size of a cigarette package will be attached to him to alert officials if he leaves the area to which he will be paroled. He will be under 24 hour "physical surveillance," and a parole agent will live with him, Kindel added.
Parole officials also have assured David, his mother and stepfather,van cleef fake necklaces, Marie and Richard Hafdahl,van cleef and arpel replica necklace, that Rothenberg will not be paroled to Orange County and cannot go there. Rothenberg will be forbidden to contact the family until his parole expires in three years.
This, however, has done little to assuage David's fear, an invisible but oppressive tension he bears daily.
Now, halfway through eighth grade, he periodically has suffered nightmares about his father "coming back to get me." They have vanished lately but he worries that "they could come back, after Wednesday."
He also worries about his mother, who was Rothenberg's real target that March 3.
Rothenberg, fleeing a warrant charging him with vandalizing a New York restaurant where he worked, took his son for what would be a week's vacation in the Catskills. Or so he told his ex wife. Instead, they went to Buena Park and planned to visit Disneyland and Knott's Berry Farm.
After a week of rain, Rothenberg telephoned his ex wife to ask for more time with his son. When he accidentally revealed that he was in another state, David's mother got angry. She told Rothenberg he would never see his son again once they returned to New York.
That regrettable phone call, both David's parents concede, triggered the tragic fire. In the minutes after midnight, Rothenberg emptied a gallon jug of kerosene around the bed where David lay sleeping, then struck a match and fled. A nationwide manhunt led to his arrest a week later in San Francisco. He confessed to trying to kill his son in a twisted quest to hurt the wife who had divorced him, saying, "If I couldn't have him, nobody else could."
He claims in letters to The Times that he will not bother his son or ex wife. But the fact that Rothenberg has said his "only reason for living" is to see David "and ask for his forgiveness" troubles his son and ex wife.
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Best Watch Brands
When you think of one must have accessory that is functional and not just for aesthetic value, a watch comes to mind. Wrist watches for both men and women are available in various designs, styles and of course price tags. For a man, who works in the corporate world, wearing a classy looking watch is very important as it gives him a refined and sophisticated look. When we talk about a particular watch brand, the price you pay for buying that watch is not just for its craftsmanship, design and style. The price of a watch as well as its value increases with the kind of advertising that is done and how people in general perceive it to be. A for example is a luxury watch that is very expensive and people know that wearing a immediately classifies him/her as a person who has refined taste and of course loads of money to afford it. So when we talk about the best watch brands in the world, we are not only discussing the technical and mechanical aspect of the watch,van cleef alhambra fake necklace, but also how global name recognition increases its value. Here we are going to discuss the best and top brands of watches.
All good watch brands make multiple models of wrist watches and some of these models go on to become iconic timepieces. Not all the models of a particular brand are well received by the public. Any good watch brand usually has 3 to 4 models that are best sellers and are highly coveted by the public. In addition to these models, wrist watch brands also launch limited addition watches that come with an astronomical price tag and can only be afforded by a select few. High end luxury watch brands make very fine expensive watches for men and women with exclusivity of design and craftsmanship. The design is such that it is either over blingy or understated with top quality materials used for production. It is not unusual to find fine luxury watches selling for more than 2,000,000 dollars. Of course not many can afford this price but it is a price that the super rich are willing to pay for a handcrafted and exclusive watch. Some of these high end top luxury watch brands are , A. Lange Shne, Breguet, Ulysse Nardin, Alain Silberstein, Audemars Piguet, Blancpain, Parmigiani, and Franck Muller. Of these Piguet and are easily the most recognizable watch brands by the general public.
If you are looking to buy a luxury watch without spending your entire life's saving on it,van cleef fake clover necklace, then the best wrist watch brands in this segment are , TAG Heuer, , , , Ebel, , and Raymond Weil. These watches cost upwards of 1,000 dollars for the steel models with basic and simple designs. Leather or gold strapped watches in this category cost around 8,000 dollars and any diamond and jewel encrusted watch will set you back by around 20,000 dollars. Although these watches are mass produced they are of the highest quality with a good finish. The best watch brands for men are TAG Heuer, Breguet and and many men prefer these brands over others. They have a wide variety of designs and styles and the bestselling ones are TAG Heuer Grand Carrera Chronograph Calibre, Breguet Double Tourbillon Classique Grande Complication and Superocean. Military style watches are also preferred by many men and Casio G Shock Digital Watch and Tauchmeister T0065 XXL Military GMT Dive Watch are some good military watches. The best watch brands for women are ,van cleef copy necklaces, and Van Cleef Arpels. The Ladies Tank Americaine, Concerto Watch and Van Cleef Arpels Folie des Pres Watch. Most women prefer designer watches and and Van Cleef Arpels are great brands with good designs.
Here is a list of best wrist watch brands in the world,van cleef fake butterfly necklace.
A. Lange Shne
TAG HeuerToy WatchThis was all about best wrist watch brands. If you are looking for a good watch that comes under $500, then some reliable brands are, Hamilton, Seiko, Guess and Fossil. A good watch should last you for your lifetime and so choose a watch with care.
Citizen and Seiko should, from a purely objective standpoint, be on the list, or anyone else's list for that matter. ? Casio? To take nothing away from these, they are simply not investments, more of a "bang for the buck" type of thing. And if that's the reason they're on this list, which pretends to be a luxury watch guide, why no Citizen or Seiko? Watches that can be deemed investments, worn for decades, and are big sellers for a reason. Might as well put Timex on here if you're going to expand into "bang for the buck" territory.
When you think of one must have accessory that is functional and not just for aesthetic value, a watch comes to mind. Wrist watches for both men and women are available in various designs, styles and of course price tags. For a man, who works in the corporate world, wearing a classy looking watch is very important as it gives him a refined and sophisticated look. When we talk about a particular watch brand, the price you pay for buying that watch is not just for its craftsmanship, design and style. The price of a watch as well as its value increases with the kind of advertising that is done and how people in general perceive it to be. A for example is a luxury watch that is very expensive and people know that wearing a immediately classifies him/her as a person who has refined taste and of course loads of money to afford it. So when we talk about the best watch brands in the world, we are not only discussing the technical and mechanical aspect of the watch,van cleef alhambra fake necklace, but also how global name recognition increases its value. Here we are going to discuss the best and top brands of watches.
All good watch brands make multiple models of wrist watches and some of these models go on to become iconic timepieces. Not all the models of a particular brand are well received by the public. Any good watch brand usually has 3 to 4 models that are best sellers and are highly coveted by the public. In addition to these models, wrist watch brands also launch limited addition watches that come with an astronomical price tag and can only be afforded by a select few. High end luxury watch brands make very fine expensive watches for men and women with exclusivity of design and craftsmanship. The design is such that it is either over blingy or understated with top quality materials used for production. It is not unusual to find fine luxury watches selling for more than 2,000,000 dollars. Of course not many can afford this price but it is a price that the super rich are willing to pay for a handcrafted and exclusive watch. Some of these high end top luxury watch brands are , A. Lange Shne, Breguet, Ulysse Nardin, Alain Silberstein, Audemars Piguet, Blancpain, Parmigiani, and Franck Muller. Of these Piguet and are easily the most recognizable watch brands by the general public.
If you are looking to buy a luxury watch without spending your entire life's saving on it,van cleef fake clover necklace, then the best wrist watch brands in this segment are , TAG Heuer, , , , Ebel, , and Raymond Weil. These watches cost upwards of 1,000 dollars for the steel models with basic and simple designs. Leather or gold strapped watches in this category cost around 8,000 dollars and any diamond and jewel encrusted watch will set you back by around 20,000 dollars. Although these watches are mass produced they are of the highest quality with a good finish. The best watch brands for men are TAG Heuer, Breguet and and many men prefer these brands over others. They have a wide variety of designs and styles and the bestselling ones are TAG Heuer Grand Carrera Chronograph Calibre, Breguet Double Tourbillon Classique Grande Complication and Superocean. Military style watches are also preferred by many men and Casio G Shock Digital Watch and Tauchmeister T0065 XXL Military GMT Dive Watch are some good military watches. The best watch brands for women are ,van cleef copy necklaces, and Van Cleef Arpels. The Ladies Tank Americaine, Concerto Watch and Van Cleef Arpels Folie des Pres Watch. Most women prefer designer watches and and Van Cleef Arpels are great brands with good designs.
Here is a list of best wrist watch brands in the world,van cleef fake butterfly necklace.
A. Lange Shne
TAG HeuerToy WatchThis was all about best wrist watch brands. If you are looking for a good watch that comes under $500, then some reliable brands are, Hamilton, Seiko, Guess and Fossil. A good watch should last you for your lifetime and so choose a watch with care.
Citizen and Seiko should, from a purely objective standpoint, be on the list, or anyone else's list for that matter. ? Casio? To take nothing away from these, they are simply not investments, more of a "bang for the buck" type of thing. And if that's the reason they're on this list, which pretends to be a luxury watch guide, why no Citizen or Seiko? Watches that can be deemed investments, worn for decades, and are big sellers for a reason. Might as well put Timex on here if you're going to expand into "bang for the buck" territory.
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and a wall of silence
The Killer: Sean Mercer, 18 (Life, to serve a minimum of 22 years)
Cocky and imposing, he was only 16 when he pulled the trigger and killed Rhys Jones, but by then Sean Mercer had been out of control for years. Known by the nickname Beaver, he left the local De La Salle school aged just 14 (to the relief of his teachers), and went on to commit a string of offences.
Like many others on the Norris Green estate where he grew up with his mother, brother and sister his father was a well known bouncer Mercer was given an Asbo for terrorising staff at a sports centre, where he threatened to set a security guard on fire, and another with a knife. He was convicted of possessing cannabis and on another occasion a CS canister.
While Mercer was a habitual anti social criminal by his early teens, police insisted no one could have predicted he would kill. But what the jury was not told is that just two months before Rhys's death, in an apparent dress rehearsal for the forthcoming tragedy, the teenager had driven into Norris Green on a motorcycle brandishing a gun at pedestrians. The incident was never reported.
Come August 2007, Mercer arrived at the Fir Tree pub determined to shoot a rival. His intended victim was Strand Gang member Wayne Brady. The reason for the animosity between the two has never been fully explained. Brady recalls they had argued once but relations were stable, if not cordial. One theory is that Mercer was enraged by Brady's defiance of his crew's turf laws by coming into Croxteth to see Vicki Smart, a former Miss England finalist. He vowed in front of witnesses, "Brady is going to get it".
Wearing a hooded top to conceal his identity, Mercer steadied himself astride his bicycle, taking deliberate and careful aim, tracking his intended victims as he unleashed three shots, the second of which killed Rhys Jones who had strayed into the line of fire. As the child's tiny body crumpled to the ground, Mercer said, "A kid's gone down"; but he fired again. He grew increasingly arrogant, desperately trying to cover his tracks while getting others to lie. By the time of his final arrest, some eight months later, he had been stopped 80 times by police.
Mercer worshipped weapons; prison officers found childish sketches of pump action shotguns, an Uzi 9mm and a grenade in his prison cell. He was a known associate of at least two of the youths convicted of the murder of a Strand Green rival, Liam "Smigger" Smith.
Throughout, he refused to answer police questions, and along with all but two of his fellow defendants, declined to enter the witness stand. Sitting in the dock at Liverpool Crown Court, he smirked and laughed in the presence of Rhys's shattered family. His mother Janette, 49, supported him through the trial, arriving each day smartly dressed and wearing designer sunglasses to avoid photographers. As the guilty verdict was read out, his father, Joseph McCormick, mouthed "I love you",van cleef butterfly fake necklace, and only then did Mercer start to weep.
The first tip off: Melvin Coy, 25 (Seven years)
Coy had a young child but shirked his parental duties and his welding job to sit around smoking cannabis at the homes of teenage friends,van cleef alhambra fake necklace, talking motorbikes and football.
He was the first person to alert Mercer to the presence of rival Strand Gang teenagers in Croxteth. After the shooting he drove Mercer to Knowsley industrial estate in his well recognised green Ford Galaxy to burn clothes.
In evidence, Coy admitted speaking to Mercer 50 minutes before the shooting, contradicting Mercer's claim that he had lost his mobile phone the weekend before. Coy conceded he was on the industrial estate but said he had forgotten what he did there.
The Scout: Gary Kays, 26 (Seven years)
after hearing that rivals were on "his" turf, Kays called Mercer and told him Wayne Brady was at the Fir Tree pub. Kays was well known around Croxteth Park, cruising in his leased 45,000 Audi Q7 car. Though a joiner, his money came from selling drugs.
After the killing, he and Coy took Mercer and the others to an industrial estate in Kirkby where Mercer's bike was dumped and forensic evidence removed. He denied being in the Croxteth Crew and insisted they were friends because of their love of off road biking. He has convictions for possessing cannabis, dangerous driving, and driving without insurance and a licence.
The Armourer: James Yates, 20 (Awaiting sentencing)
Known as Yatzy, he bought the gun that killed Rhys, a modified First World War Smith Wesson revolver, three years earlier, and gave it to Mercer on the day of the shooting.
Slightly built and profoundly insecure, the habitual dope smoker's obsession with firearms was tangible from the childish drawings and graffiti glorifying weaponry which police found in his bedroom. After Rhys was shot, Mercer summoned Yates. Despite his leg being in a plaster cast, Yates swung straight behind the scheme to hide the weapon, dump Mercer's bike and douse him in petrol at a nearby industrial estate to remove forensic evidence. He later jumped from a first floor window to try to escape police.
He refused to answer police but largely admitted his part in the cover up in prison. While on remand, he proposed to his girlfriend of two years, Leanne Morrey, 19. On the third day of the trial, she arrived at court wearing a diamond engagement ring.
The Alibi: Dean Kelly, 17 (Awaiting sentencing)
On his way to confront the rival gang,clover necklace copy van cleef, Mercer called on his close friend Kelly and asked for help. Kelly refused but after Rhys was killed, he followed Mercer and met the other defendants.
Kelly removed the murder weapon from its hiding place in a dog kennel and placed it in the loft.
Kelly and Mercer shared a criminal history they were both given Asbos in September 2007 for terrorising staff at Croxteth's sports centre and he gave Mercer an alibi, claiming they had been watching a DVD about the rapper 50 Cent when Rhys was killed.
The cover up: Boy M, 16 (Awaiting sentencing)
The boy aged 16, who still cannot be named for legal reasons,van cleef necklace replica wholesale, was described by his own barrister as "damaged and horrible". It was at Boy M's home in Delabole Road where all the defendants met as the cover up began.
Boy M suffered from ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and had a pathological hatred of inhabitants of the neighbouring Norris Green estate, driven by the memory of being viciously beaten by a masked gang in 2006 after he gave the police names of people who stole a van then shot the owner in the face.
Since then, he had lived in fear of further reprisals and had not left his home for 15 months, spending days playing X Box and terrorising his mother and grandmother.
As Mercer sought refuge immediately after killing Rhys Jones, Boy M helped his friend dispose of the weapon, destroying a hat, gloves and other evidence linking Mercer to the killing. He was arrested with the other defendants on 29 August 2007.
He admitted his part in the cover up, insisting he was acting out of fear of Mercer, and pleaded with officers to send him to the US in exchange for information. He never took the stand, too fearful of being labelled a "grass", but his mother and grandmother gave evidence for the prosecution.
The Killer: Sean Mercer, 18 (Life, to serve a minimum of 22 years)
Cocky and imposing, he was only 16 when he pulled the trigger and killed Rhys Jones, but by then Sean Mercer had been out of control for years. Known by the nickname Beaver, he left the local De La Salle school aged just 14 (to the relief of his teachers), and went on to commit a string of offences.
Like many others on the Norris Green estate where he grew up with his mother, brother and sister his father was a well known bouncer Mercer was given an Asbo for terrorising staff at a sports centre, where he threatened to set a security guard on fire, and another with a knife. He was convicted of possessing cannabis and on another occasion a CS canister.
While Mercer was a habitual anti social criminal by his early teens, police insisted no one could have predicted he would kill. But what the jury was not told is that just two months before Rhys's death, in an apparent dress rehearsal for the forthcoming tragedy, the teenager had driven into Norris Green on a motorcycle brandishing a gun at pedestrians. The incident was never reported.
Come August 2007, Mercer arrived at the Fir Tree pub determined to shoot a rival. His intended victim was Strand Gang member Wayne Brady. The reason for the animosity between the two has never been fully explained. Brady recalls they had argued once but relations were stable, if not cordial. One theory is that Mercer was enraged by Brady's defiance of his crew's turf laws by coming into Croxteth to see Vicki Smart, a former Miss England finalist. He vowed in front of witnesses, "Brady is going to get it".
Wearing a hooded top to conceal his identity, Mercer steadied himself astride his bicycle, taking deliberate and careful aim, tracking his intended victims as he unleashed three shots, the second of which killed Rhys Jones who had strayed into the line of fire. As the child's tiny body crumpled to the ground, Mercer said, "A kid's gone down"; but he fired again. He grew increasingly arrogant, desperately trying to cover his tracks while getting others to lie. By the time of his final arrest, some eight months later, he had been stopped 80 times by police.
Mercer worshipped weapons; prison officers found childish sketches of pump action shotguns, an Uzi 9mm and a grenade in his prison cell. He was a known associate of at least two of the youths convicted of the murder of a Strand Green rival, Liam "Smigger" Smith.
Throughout, he refused to answer police questions, and along with all but two of his fellow defendants, declined to enter the witness stand. Sitting in the dock at Liverpool Crown Court, he smirked and laughed in the presence of Rhys's shattered family. His mother Janette, 49, supported him through the trial, arriving each day smartly dressed and wearing designer sunglasses to avoid photographers. As the guilty verdict was read out, his father, Joseph McCormick, mouthed "I love you",van cleef butterfly fake necklace, and only then did Mercer start to weep.
The first tip off: Melvin Coy, 25 (Seven years)
Coy had a young child but shirked his parental duties and his welding job to sit around smoking cannabis at the homes of teenage friends,van cleef alhambra fake necklace, talking motorbikes and football.
He was the first person to alert Mercer to the presence of rival Strand Gang teenagers in Croxteth. After the shooting he drove Mercer to Knowsley industrial estate in his well recognised green Ford Galaxy to burn clothes.
In evidence, Coy admitted speaking to Mercer 50 minutes before the shooting, contradicting Mercer's claim that he had lost his mobile phone the weekend before. Coy conceded he was on the industrial estate but said he had forgotten what he did there.
The Scout: Gary Kays, 26 (Seven years)
after hearing that rivals were on "his" turf, Kays called Mercer and told him Wayne Brady was at the Fir Tree pub. Kays was well known around Croxteth Park, cruising in his leased 45,000 Audi Q7 car. Though a joiner, his money came from selling drugs.
After the killing, he and Coy took Mercer and the others to an industrial estate in Kirkby where Mercer's bike was dumped and forensic evidence removed. He denied being in the Croxteth Crew and insisted they were friends because of their love of off road biking. He has convictions for possessing cannabis, dangerous driving, and driving without insurance and a licence.
The Armourer: James Yates, 20 (Awaiting sentencing)
Known as Yatzy, he bought the gun that killed Rhys, a modified First World War Smith Wesson revolver, three years earlier, and gave it to Mercer on the day of the shooting.
Slightly built and profoundly insecure, the habitual dope smoker's obsession with firearms was tangible from the childish drawings and graffiti glorifying weaponry which police found in his bedroom. After Rhys was shot, Mercer summoned Yates. Despite his leg being in a plaster cast, Yates swung straight behind the scheme to hide the weapon, dump Mercer's bike and douse him in petrol at a nearby industrial estate to remove forensic evidence. He later jumped from a first floor window to try to escape police.
He refused to answer police but largely admitted his part in the cover up in prison. While on remand, he proposed to his girlfriend of two years, Leanne Morrey, 19. On the third day of the trial, she arrived at court wearing a diamond engagement ring.
The Alibi: Dean Kelly, 17 (Awaiting sentencing)
On his way to confront the rival gang,clover necklace copy van cleef, Mercer called on his close friend Kelly and asked for help. Kelly refused but after Rhys was killed, he followed Mercer and met the other defendants.
Kelly removed the murder weapon from its hiding place in a dog kennel and placed it in the loft.
Kelly and Mercer shared a criminal history they were both given Asbos in September 2007 for terrorising staff at Croxteth's sports centre and he gave Mercer an alibi, claiming they had been watching a DVD about the rapper 50 Cent when Rhys was killed.
The cover up: Boy M, 16 (Awaiting sentencing)
The boy aged 16, who still cannot be named for legal reasons,van cleef necklace replica wholesale, was described by his own barrister as "damaged and horrible". It was at Boy M's home in Delabole Road where all the defendants met as the cover up began.
Boy M suffered from ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and had a pathological hatred of inhabitants of the neighbouring Norris Green estate, driven by the memory of being viciously beaten by a masked gang in 2006 after he gave the police names of people who stole a van then shot the owner in the face.
Since then, he had lived in fear of further reprisals and had not left his home for 15 months, spending days playing X Box and terrorising his mother and grandmother.
As Mercer sought refuge immediately after killing Rhys Jones, Boy M helped his friend dispose of the weapon, destroying a hat, gloves and other evidence linking Mercer to the killing. He was arrested with the other defendants on 29 August 2007.
He admitted his part in the cover up, insisting he was acting out of fear of Mercer, and pleaded with officers to send him to the US in exchange for information. He never took the stand, too fearful of being labelled a "grass", but his mother and grandmother gave evidence for the prosecution.
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Cherished for its Devotion
The BoerBoel is a powerfully built dog with great athletic ability. Highly prized for his character, especially that of loyalty to the family, and a strong protective spirit. As with most dog breeds, history itself has defined this beautiful creature more than any other element could possibly have.
The BoerBoel's original heritage dates far back into ancient times, as the Mastiff breed we recognize today. Many historians have researched the Mastiff lines back to the Phoenician traders who are believed to have introduced the Mastiff to ancient Britain, where thereafter the Romans found them and brought them back to fight in the arena.
There is a fascinating account of the King of Albania who reportedly gave Alexander the Great a "dogge" which he was immediately impressed with due to his very large size. The account goes on to report that Alexander the Great apparently became highly disappointed in this canine's lack of interest in hunting bears, wild boar and deer. He was so outraged, that he declared the animal "lazy" and demanded that he be destroyed. When the King of Albania heard this, he sent a second "dogge" to Alexander, with the instructions that the creature not be challenged with such small game and instead be tried against larger animals. Alexander the Great accepted this challenge, and put the creature to test against a lion. After only a few minutes, the lions back had been broken. He then apparently set the canine against and elephant, who after several hits to his sides, opted to leap from a cliff in lieu of having to face such an obstinate opponent.
The most recognized history of the BoerBoel as we know it today, dates directly to Jan van Riebeeck. He came to the Cape of South Africa in 1652 and brought his own dog along to provide protection for himself and his family in this new and frightening frontier. This dog was known as the "Bullenbitjer", and has been described as a large, heavy Mastiff type dog.
Crossbreeding did occur with the local dogs of Africa, called the Kafferbrakke. Later however, with the Great Trek (or Groot Trek of 1652 1858), the Boers removed to the interior of Africa, along with their crossbred canine companions. History presented not only political challenges to these people, but physical ones as well the result being the classic Darwinian approach to procreation. Indeed, only the strongest canines could survive in such difficult circumstances, and with so little in the way of veterinary care.
As the pioneers moved further and further inland and settled on remote farms, the dogs were forcibly isolated and a lot of inbreeding took place which had the result that the characteristics of the original Assyrian dog started to reappear. Survival was of the utmost importance and it was here that the hardiness of today Boerboel was bred into the dog. After all, the environment that the pioneer owner existed in, required that only the canines who could be a friend of the family but also a worker who could provide protection with ferocious tenacity. They could not afford to have a disobedient, moody, finicky, sickly dog they had to be able to rely on him to protect the family, work, kill and fight.
As time drew on, and urbanization increased within the country, the breed was crossed again, this time with a focus on producing simply a creature that could bark the sound of alarm.
The Boerboel was bred mainly from two sources of genetic material: the "Bullenbijter", with its early introduction to Europe from Assyria, and the African dog of the black tribes of Africa. These more than likely descended from the Cynomones of Ethiopia who had their canines introduced from Babylon.
This relatively complex statement also explains why the Boerboel is built structurally different than other mastiff type dogs. The genetic material that came together again in Africa has more pure, original Syrian bloodlines than any other breed in the world.
The Boerboel unfortunately was also subjected to short term visionaries, who bred for their current needs and not to maintain the original standards of the BoerBoel. Various other breeds were used to give the Boerboel certain intended features, not realizing that these qualities were already contained within the original gene structure.
It was only in the eighties that a serious search started again for the original farm dog or "Boel". A few brave people took the initiative and the South African Boerboel Breeders Association was formed,van cleef clover knock off necklace.
In the early 1980 the five founder members arranged a meeting in Senekal at the High Schools Hostel in the common room. Their main aim was to let the original Boerboel take its rightful place as a uniquely South African dog among the other dog breeds of the world. A search covering thousands of kilometers followed. The founders had one common purpose. Africana must live and survive. They shared a common dream with singular passion, each a breeder of the Boerboel, the dog they knew and loved. The inseparable companion of our ancestors: Living Africana.
As they are widely spread throughout South Africa and Namibie, they gather each year in November. In August 1990, the first country wide appraisal tour was undertaken by Jannie Bouwer of Bedford and Lucas van der Merwe of Kroonstad. After a total of 5500 km. was covered, 250 dogs were seen, but only 72 were selected to be registered.
The leading figure in those years,vca knock off necklace, Johan de Jager, approached people who were advertising Boerboels with the idea to establish a breeder association. Gradually more and more people showed interest. Groups of dogs were identified. In the high lying areas of the southern Free State and Kwazulu Natal dogs were discovered that differed slightly from other dogs in the more north western areas.
For example, the dogs from the high lying areas had longer hair, with thinner legs,van cleef and arpels knock off butterfly necklace, smaller feet and sharper snouts than those in the north west. The isolation of the different groups can be traced back to the start of the Groot Trek in 1838, which explains why there are so many differences among these dogs.
Lucas van der Merwe and Jannie Bouwer were later appointed as the first judges and they developed an appraisal system, which was used during the founding phase. With time, this system underwent various adjustments.
The American BoerBoel Club was founded in July of 2006, with a focus on gaining acceptance to the American Kennel Club. Additionally, their aim is to inform the general public about this fascinating and historical breed.
As of July 2006, the BoerBoel was accepted to the AKC Foundation Stock Service program. This also allows the BoerBoel to participate in any dog show with companion events. Eligibility to compete in these events is effective January 1st of 2008.
Eve Shelly Johnson lives in Southern Washington State on 5 acres overlooking the Columbia Gorge. Focused on a peaceful, self sufficient lifestyle, she has created a thriving home based website design and marketing business. Although Eve Shelly Johnson grew up in the Show Circuit with purebred Afgan Hounds,van cleef and arpels butterfly fake necklace, she does not "show" or breed dogs. Mrs. Johnson's passion is her children, her sincere interest are her goats and improving their lines thru intelligent breeding practices, and her best friend is her Rotti mix breed dog who was adopted as a neglected 2 year old.
The BoerBoel is a powerfully built dog with great athletic ability. Highly prized for his character, especially that of loyalty to the family, and a strong protective spirit. As with most dog breeds, history itself has defined this beautiful creature more than any other element could possibly have.
The BoerBoel's original heritage dates far back into ancient times, as the Mastiff breed we recognize today. Many historians have researched the Mastiff lines back to the Phoenician traders who are believed to have introduced the Mastiff to ancient Britain, where thereafter the Romans found them and brought them back to fight in the arena.
There is a fascinating account of the King of Albania who reportedly gave Alexander the Great a "dogge" which he was immediately impressed with due to his very large size. The account goes on to report that Alexander the Great apparently became highly disappointed in this canine's lack of interest in hunting bears, wild boar and deer. He was so outraged, that he declared the animal "lazy" and demanded that he be destroyed. When the King of Albania heard this, he sent a second "dogge" to Alexander, with the instructions that the creature not be challenged with such small game and instead be tried against larger animals. Alexander the Great accepted this challenge, and put the creature to test against a lion. After only a few minutes, the lions back had been broken. He then apparently set the canine against and elephant, who after several hits to his sides, opted to leap from a cliff in lieu of having to face such an obstinate opponent.
The most recognized history of the BoerBoel as we know it today, dates directly to Jan van Riebeeck. He came to the Cape of South Africa in 1652 and brought his own dog along to provide protection for himself and his family in this new and frightening frontier. This dog was known as the "Bullenbitjer", and has been described as a large, heavy Mastiff type dog.
Crossbreeding did occur with the local dogs of Africa, called the Kafferbrakke. Later however, with the Great Trek (or Groot Trek of 1652 1858), the Boers removed to the interior of Africa, along with their crossbred canine companions. History presented not only political challenges to these people, but physical ones as well the result being the classic Darwinian approach to procreation. Indeed, only the strongest canines could survive in such difficult circumstances, and with so little in the way of veterinary care.
As the pioneers moved further and further inland and settled on remote farms, the dogs were forcibly isolated and a lot of inbreeding took place which had the result that the characteristics of the original Assyrian dog started to reappear. Survival was of the utmost importance and it was here that the hardiness of today Boerboel was bred into the dog. After all, the environment that the pioneer owner existed in, required that only the canines who could be a friend of the family but also a worker who could provide protection with ferocious tenacity. They could not afford to have a disobedient, moody, finicky, sickly dog they had to be able to rely on him to protect the family, work, kill and fight.
As time drew on, and urbanization increased within the country, the breed was crossed again, this time with a focus on producing simply a creature that could bark the sound of alarm.
The Boerboel was bred mainly from two sources of genetic material: the "Bullenbijter", with its early introduction to Europe from Assyria, and the African dog of the black tribes of Africa. These more than likely descended from the Cynomones of Ethiopia who had their canines introduced from Babylon.
This relatively complex statement also explains why the Boerboel is built structurally different than other mastiff type dogs. The genetic material that came together again in Africa has more pure, original Syrian bloodlines than any other breed in the world.
The Boerboel unfortunately was also subjected to short term visionaries, who bred for their current needs and not to maintain the original standards of the BoerBoel. Various other breeds were used to give the Boerboel certain intended features, not realizing that these qualities were already contained within the original gene structure.
It was only in the eighties that a serious search started again for the original farm dog or "Boel". A few brave people took the initiative and the South African Boerboel Breeders Association was formed,van cleef clover knock off necklace.
In the early 1980 the five founder members arranged a meeting in Senekal at the High Schools Hostel in the common room. Their main aim was to let the original Boerboel take its rightful place as a uniquely South African dog among the other dog breeds of the world. A search covering thousands of kilometers followed. The founders had one common purpose. Africana must live and survive. They shared a common dream with singular passion, each a breeder of the Boerboel, the dog they knew and loved. The inseparable companion of our ancestors: Living Africana.
As they are widely spread throughout South Africa and Namibie, they gather each year in November. In August 1990, the first country wide appraisal tour was undertaken by Jannie Bouwer of Bedford and Lucas van der Merwe of Kroonstad. After a total of 5500 km. was covered, 250 dogs were seen, but only 72 were selected to be registered.
The leading figure in those years,vca knock off necklace, Johan de Jager, approached people who were advertising Boerboels with the idea to establish a breeder association. Gradually more and more people showed interest. Groups of dogs were identified. In the high lying areas of the southern Free State and Kwazulu Natal dogs were discovered that differed slightly from other dogs in the more north western areas.
For example, the dogs from the high lying areas had longer hair, with thinner legs,van cleef and arpels knock off butterfly necklace, smaller feet and sharper snouts than those in the north west. The isolation of the different groups can be traced back to the start of the Groot Trek in 1838, which explains why there are so many differences among these dogs.
Lucas van der Merwe and Jannie Bouwer were later appointed as the first judges and they developed an appraisal system, which was used during the founding phase. With time, this system underwent various adjustments.
The American BoerBoel Club was founded in July of 2006, with a focus on gaining acceptance to the American Kennel Club. Additionally, their aim is to inform the general public about this fascinating and historical breed.
As of July 2006, the BoerBoel was accepted to the AKC Foundation Stock Service program. This also allows the BoerBoel to participate in any dog show with companion events. Eligibility to compete in these events is effective January 1st of 2008.
Eve Shelly Johnson lives in Southern Washington State on 5 acres overlooking the Columbia Gorge. Focused on a peaceful, self sufficient lifestyle, she has created a thriving home based website design and marketing business. Although Eve Shelly Johnson grew up in the Show Circuit with purebred Afgan Hounds,van cleef and arpels butterfly fake necklace, she does not "show" or breed dogs. Mrs. Johnson's passion is her children, her sincere interest are her goats and improving their lines thru intelligent breeding practices, and her best friend is her Rotti mix breed dog who was adopted as a neglected 2 year old.
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Art Nouveau Architecture
Let's leave the pretentiousness aside.
Those unfamiliar with different styles of art can find these terms pretty overwhelming, and understandably so. As such, if you're looking to find a simple, fail proof way to identify Art Nouveau architecture, just look for flowers, leaves, and other elements which portray nature, either on the facade of the structure or even in its interiors. That's Art Nouveau for you!
The Art Nouveau movement ushered in a new era in the field of design. The style began to emerge in the 19th century in Europe, from where it swept through the rest of the world. It was between 1980 and 1910 that this style was at its most popular.
The movement sought to break the rigid rules that governed artistic expression during those times,van cleef fake necklace, as signified in the work created during the Neoclassical and Romantic periods. Though mainly an urban movement, Art Nouveau practitioners incorporated several elements in their design, which were primarily inspired from nature.
In the years following the First World War, the movement began to see a decline, making way for another, known as Art Deco.
The ornate entrance to the Municipal House in Prague, Czech Republic.
Heavily decorated facade of an Art Nouveau building in Riga, Latvia.
The Pont Alexandre III in Paris, France, is the city's most beautiful bridge.
The Secession Building in Vienna, Austria, became an icon of the Art Nouveau movement.
Otto Wagner's Church of St. Leopold in Vienna, Austria, is one of the few Catholic churches designed in the Art Nouveau style.
The Vinohrady Theatre in Prague,van cleef and arpels replica clover necklace, Czech Republic, is one of the many Art Nouveau landmarks in the city.
The Art Nouveau movement was born out of an innate desire to leave behind the rigid world of academic art, and present it as a medium of expression or 'free will', as they say. This French term translates to 'New Art', and was absorbed into English as it was. Even today, one can recognize its various names, such as the Glasgow Style, or as Jugendstil among the German speaking populace. In Austria and Hungary, it is known as Secession; as Modernisme in Spain, and as Stile Liberty in Italy.
This style had little place for frivolity; these architects chose to focus on functionality instead. As a result, the world got a style of design that was as good looking as it was practical. Art Nouveau was seen as an appropriate modern day response to the excesses of its predecessor, which was the Victorian design.
Typical architectural features included organic, flowing lines and forms resembling the stems and blossoms of plants, as well as geometric patterns such as squares and rectangles.
The movement forwarded the philosophy that art should become part of everyday life, incorporating flat, decorative patterns which could be used in all art forms. Thus, nature inspired patterns with leaf and tendril motifs, intertwined organic forms with 'whiplash' curves dominated the field of architectural design. Also included were birds, flowers, insects, and other zoomorphs, with a definite hint of inspiration from Japanese art.
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE EXAMPLES
In Spain,van cleef replica alhambra necklace, the exaggerated bulbous forms of the Spanish architect Antoni Gaud (1852 1926) came to the fore, whereas, designer Hector Guimard (1867 1942) showcased his version through the distinctive Metro Entrances in Paris.
The Belgian Art Nouveau movement was spearheaded by Victor Horta, a renowned architect who designed the Tassel House in Brussels (1893), which was the first fully developed example of architecture in the Art Nouveau style. Other influential Belgian designers included Henry van de Velde and Gustave Serrurier Bovy.
Central Europe had its own variations of the art form, with the Secession style led by Viennese artist Gustav Klimt. Among architects,van cleef fake necklace alhambra, the front runners of this movement were Josef Hoffmann, Joseph Maria Olbrich, and Otto Wagner. In the Czech capital of Prague, Municipal House, the Hotel Pa Smchov Market Hall, and Hotel Central display the architectural style prominently.
In Eastern Europe, the center of the Latvian capital, Riga, is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site for some of its rather stunning Art Nouveau architecture.
The Art Nouveau movement did not influence the landscape of America in the same manner as it did in Europe, but there are traces of inspired designs, especially in New York City and Chicago. Architect Louis Sullivan's skyscrapers melded the steel frames with exteriors that were decorated with intricate ornaments inspired by nature and Celtic designs. The Chrysler Building in New York designed by William Van Alen is another stellar Art Nouveau landmark.
Let's leave the pretentiousness aside.
Those unfamiliar with different styles of art can find these terms pretty overwhelming, and understandably so. As such, if you're looking to find a simple, fail proof way to identify Art Nouveau architecture, just look for flowers, leaves, and other elements which portray nature, either on the facade of the structure or even in its interiors. That's Art Nouveau for you!
The Art Nouveau movement ushered in a new era in the field of design. The style began to emerge in the 19th century in Europe, from where it swept through the rest of the world. It was between 1980 and 1910 that this style was at its most popular.
The movement sought to break the rigid rules that governed artistic expression during those times,van cleef fake necklace, as signified in the work created during the Neoclassical and Romantic periods. Though mainly an urban movement, Art Nouveau practitioners incorporated several elements in their design, which were primarily inspired from nature.
In the years following the First World War, the movement began to see a decline, making way for another, known as Art Deco.
The ornate entrance to the Municipal House in Prague, Czech Republic.
Heavily decorated facade of an Art Nouveau building in Riga, Latvia.
The Pont Alexandre III in Paris, France, is the city's most beautiful bridge.
The Secession Building in Vienna, Austria, became an icon of the Art Nouveau movement.
Otto Wagner's Church of St. Leopold in Vienna, Austria, is one of the few Catholic churches designed in the Art Nouveau style.
The Vinohrady Theatre in Prague,van cleef and arpels replica clover necklace, Czech Republic, is one of the many Art Nouveau landmarks in the city.
The Art Nouveau movement was born out of an innate desire to leave behind the rigid world of academic art, and present it as a medium of expression or 'free will', as they say. This French term translates to 'New Art', and was absorbed into English as it was. Even today, one can recognize its various names, such as the Glasgow Style, or as Jugendstil among the German speaking populace. In Austria and Hungary, it is known as Secession; as Modernisme in Spain, and as Stile Liberty in Italy.
This style had little place for frivolity; these architects chose to focus on functionality instead. As a result, the world got a style of design that was as good looking as it was practical. Art Nouveau was seen as an appropriate modern day response to the excesses of its predecessor, which was the Victorian design.
Typical architectural features included organic, flowing lines and forms resembling the stems and blossoms of plants, as well as geometric patterns such as squares and rectangles.
The movement forwarded the philosophy that art should become part of everyday life, incorporating flat, decorative patterns which could be used in all art forms. Thus, nature inspired patterns with leaf and tendril motifs, intertwined organic forms with 'whiplash' curves dominated the field of architectural design. Also included were birds, flowers, insects, and other zoomorphs, with a definite hint of inspiration from Japanese art.
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE EXAMPLES
In Spain,van cleef replica alhambra necklace, the exaggerated bulbous forms of the Spanish architect Antoni Gaud (1852 1926) came to the fore, whereas, designer Hector Guimard (1867 1942) showcased his version through the distinctive Metro Entrances in Paris.
The Belgian Art Nouveau movement was spearheaded by Victor Horta, a renowned architect who designed the Tassel House in Brussels (1893), which was the first fully developed example of architecture in the Art Nouveau style. Other influential Belgian designers included Henry van de Velde and Gustave Serrurier Bovy.
Central Europe had its own variations of the art form, with the Secession style led by Viennese artist Gustav Klimt. Among architects,van cleef fake necklace alhambra, the front runners of this movement were Josef Hoffmann, Joseph Maria Olbrich, and Otto Wagner. In the Czech capital of Prague, Municipal House, the Hotel Pa Smchov Market Hall, and Hotel Central display the architectural style prominently.
In Eastern Europe, the center of the Latvian capital, Riga, is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site for some of its rather stunning Art Nouveau architecture.
The Art Nouveau movement did not influence the landscape of America in the same manner as it did in Europe, but there are traces of inspired designs, especially in New York City and Chicago. Architect Louis Sullivan's skyscrapers melded the steel frames with exteriors that were decorated with intricate ornaments inspired by nature and Celtic designs. The Chrysler Building in New York designed by William Van Alen is another stellar Art Nouveau landmark.
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Canadian investors could be in for a rough ride
dollar trim their hefty losses before North American exchanges open.
It set the stage for what could be a rough ride for investors in Canada, which counts the United States as its biggest trading partner.
Trump has been beating the odds for some time now,van cleef butterfly knock off necklace, and he done it once again,clover necklace fake van cleef, CIBC said in a note to customers by economists Royce Mendes and Avery Shenfeld.
the surprising nature of Trump victory and the lack of clarity surrounding whether many of his proposals can become reality, the roller coaster ride has already begun for financial markets. election night interactive map
In overnight trading,van cleef and arpels clover replica necklace, the Canadian dollar dipped more than a full cent against the greenback at one point.
Though uncertainty remains over Trump trade, immigration and geopolitical policies, investors appeared somewhat soothed by his victory speech,van cleef alhambra fake necklace, in which he praised Clinton and urged Americans to together as one united people after a deeply divisive campaign.
In Europe, Germany DAX was down 0.7% at 10,408 while the FTSE 100 index of leading British shares was 0.1% lower at 6,838. stocks are expected to open lower, too, though by far less than earlier predicted. Dow futures are 1.7% lower at 17,974 while the broader S 500 futures were down 1.8% at 2,097.
the reaction seen thus far appears to have been much more tempered is probably due to the emollient and conciliatory nature of Trump acceptance speech, and the fact that there was always that nagging doubt that the pollsters may well be wrong, said Michael Hewson, chief markets analyst at CMC Markets.
As Trump gained the lead in the electoral vote count, investors became increasingly uneasy and share prices tumbled in Asia, which were open during the election results. Dow futures were down 4% at one point. However, by the time Trump was confirmed the winner and made his speech, financial markets had steadied.
The American dollar also recouped some ground, while assets that many investors search out at times of uncertainty, such as gold and the Swiss franc, came off earlier highs. An ounce of gold was up 1.9% at $1,299 while the greenback was only 0.1% lower at 0.9764 Swiss franc.
One currency that remains heavily sold is the Mexican peso. cents as the prospect of a wall along the United States southern border a key campaigning point for Trump has come one step closer to reality. Trump has insisted that Mexico will pay for the wall.
Also potentially impacting the peso is Trump threat to rip up trade deals including the North American Free Trade Agreement, a key plank in Mexico economic strategy and growth. A renegotiation of NAFTA would also have deep implications for Canada, which counts on the United States as its biggest trade partner and its largest customer.
Trump is able to follow through with these suggestions, Mexican activity will suffer greatly, said Jane Foley, senior foreign exchange strategist at Rabobank International. constitution, Trump doesn formally take the reins of power until January but he will begin the transition to his presidency almost immediately. In the coming weeks, investors will be looking to see if he further tempers some of the rhetoric that polarized American opinion and often spooked investors in financial markets. Federal Reserve less likely to raise its key interest rate at its next meeting in mid December especially if financial markets remain under pressure. Some analysts are ruling it out entirely.
chance of a Fed rate hike also helps keep investors smiling at the prospect of cheap money and accommodative global monetary policy stance for a while longer, said Mike van Dulken, an analyst at Accendo Markets.
will right now be in the process of attempting to differentiate between Trump actual policy positions and some of the more outlandish statements made on the campaign trail, said Michael Levy, an emerging markets investment director at Barings.
In Asia, Japan Nikkei 225 stock index closed 5.4% lower, recouping some losses, at 16,251.54. Hong Kong Hang Seng closed 2.2% lower to 22,415.19 while the main index in Shanghai fell 0.6% to 3,128.77.
dollar trim their hefty losses before North American exchanges open.
It set the stage for what could be a rough ride for investors in Canada, which counts the United States as its biggest trading partner.
Trump has been beating the odds for some time now,van cleef butterfly knock off necklace, and he done it once again,clover necklace fake van cleef, CIBC said in a note to customers by economists Royce Mendes and Avery Shenfeld.
the surprising nature of Trump victory and the lack of clarity surrounding whether many of his proposals can become reality, the roller coaster ride has already begun for financial markets. election night interactive map
In overnight trading,van cleef and arpels clover replica necklace, the Canadian dollar dipped more than a full cent against the greenback at one point.
Though uncertainty remains over Trump trade, immigration and geopolitical policies, investors appeared somewhat soothed by his victory speech,van cleef alhambra fake necklace, in which he praised Clinton and urged Americans to together as one united people after a deeply divisive campaign.
In Europe, Germany DAX was down 0.7% at 10,408 while the FTSE 100 index of leading British shares was 0.1% lower at 6,838. stocks are expected to open lower, too, though by far less than earlier predicted. Dow futures are 1.7% lower at 17,974 while the broader S 500 futures were down 1.8% at 2,097.
the reaction seen thus far appears to have been much more tempered is probably due to the emollient and conciliatory nature of Trump acceptance speech, and the fact that there was always that nagging doubt that the pollsters may well be wrong, said Michael Hewson, chief markets analyst at CMC Markets.
As Trump gained the lead in the electoral vote count, investors became increasingly uneasy and share prices tumbled in Asia, which were open during the election results. Dow futures were down 4% at one point. However, by the time Trump was confirmed the winner and made his speech, financial markets had steadied.
The American dollar also recouped some ground, while assets that many investors search out at times of uncertainty, such as gold and the Swiss franc, came off earlier highs. An ounce of gold was up 1.9% at $1,299 while the greenback was only 0.1% lower at 0.9764 Swiss franc.
One currency that remains heavily sold is the Mexican peso. cents as the prospect of a wall along the United States southern border a key campaigning point for Trump has come one step closer to reality. Trump has insisted that Mexico will pay for the wall.
Also potentially impacting the peso is Trump threat to rip up trade deals including the North American Free Trade Agreement, a key plank in Mexico economic strategy and growth. A renegotiation of NAFTA would also have deep implications for Canada, which counts on the United States as its biggest trade partner and its largest customer.
Trump is able to follow through with these suggestions, Mexican activity will suffer greatly, said Jane Foley, senior foreign exchange strategist at Rabobank International. constitution, Trump doesn formally take the reins of power until January but he will begin the transition to his presidency almost immediately. In the coming weeks, investors will be looking to see if he further tempers some of the rhetoric that polarized American opinion and often spooked investors in financial markets. Federal Reserve less likely to raise its key interest rate at its next meeting in mid December especially if financial markets remain under pressure. Some analysts are ruling it out entirely.
chance of a Fed rate hike also helps keep investors smiling at the prospect of cheap money and accommodative global monetary policy stance for a while longer, said Mike van Dulken, an analyst at Accendo Markets.
will right now be in the process of attempting to differentiate between Trump actual policy positions and some of the more outlandish statements made on the campaign trail, said Michael Levy, an emerging markets investment director at Barings.
In Asia, Japan Nikkei 225 stock index closed 5.4% lower, recouping some losses, at 16,251.54. Hong Kong Hang Seng closed 2.2% lower to 22,415.19 while the main index in Shanghai fell 0.6% to 3,128.77.
Bruce Springsteen at the Sports Arena,van cleef alhambra diamond earrings replica
"The end of old school."
That's how Bruce Springsteen described the imminent demise of his beloved Los Angeles Sports Arena, where Thursday night he played the second of three concerts to close the place down before it's demolished to make way for a new soccer stadium.
Given the little chuckle with which he said it, Springsteen was clearly also poking a bit of fun at himself or at the idea, anyway, that at age 66, he embodies a rock 'n' roll tradition that may die when he does. Sports Arena. The shows will be the last concerts at the half century old venue in Exposition Park before it's razed to make room for a new soccer stadium.
It's a familiar situation for the veteran rocker. In. Sports Arena. The shows will be the last concerts at the half century old venue in Exposition Park before it's razed to make room for a new soccer stadium.
It's a familiar situation for the veteran rocker.
1. Springsteen's endurance is a beautiful thing to behold, and on Thursday, his fans seemed to think they could absorb some of it by touching him. Reaching toward a rock star is a familiar move at any show, of course, but I can't remember the last time I saw so many people so eager to receive a high five from the guy onstage; several folks even proffered their young children, as though being blessed by Father Bruce might endow them with special powers. (Wish I'd brought my kids.)
And then there was the moment actually, several moments during "Hungry Heart" when Springsteen crowd surfed his way back to the stage from a platform on the arena's floor. It took so long that you wondered whether a plan had been hatched to carry the singer out onto Figueroa and away to somebody's darkened guest house.
Speaking of smiles, a fun thing to do at a show by the E Street Band is to keep your eyes on singer guitarist Patti Scialfa, who surveys the scene from her position stage left with a knowing little half grin, like Christina Hendricks in "Mad Men." You boys enjoy yourselves, she seems to be saying as Springsteen (also known as her husband) and guitarist Steven Van Zandt goof around in the spotlight. I'll just be over here working.
3. One of rock's foremost orators, Springsteen had plenty to tell the crowd about "The River" between songs, including some bits he'd recycled from recent interviews. But I liked what he had to say about how the album was his attempt to will into being certain experiences that, at the time, he hadn't yet had: marriage, for example, and starting a family. As the venue is prepped for demolition, here's a look at the original thoughts regarding the concert itself.
It can be misleading to weigh the present condition of a band against its earlier.
In 1975, there were 511 arrests made at a concert featuring Pink Floyd at the Los Angeles Sports Arena. As the venue is prepped for demolition, here's a look at the original thoughts regarding the concert itself.
It can be misleading to weigh the present condition of a band against its earlier.
()
4. As much as it was an opportunity to play old songs in an old arena, Thursday was also St. Patrick's Day, an occasion Springsteen cheerfully observed with stomping renditions of two Celtic accented cuts from his 2012 album "Wrecking Ball": "Death to My Hometown" and "American Land," which Springsteen dedicated to "all the Irish out there." (One such crowd member? Conan O'Brien,replica van cleef alhambra diamond earrings, who watched the show featuring his pal Max Weinberg from a seat near the stage.)
Earlier, during the "River" portion of the evening, Springsteen said "Crush on You" was for any Irish lovers in the house. Then,clover earrings van cleef replica, noting that both he and Scialfa are half Irish, he planted a kiss on his wife.
5. In keeping with his custom, Springsteen turned the house lights back up for "Born to Run" all the better in this case to take in the Sports Arena's dilapidated environs. But Thursday, he kept the lights on for the last half hour or so of the gig,replica van cleef and arpels stud earrings, which made it easy to see how much energy these songs were generating in the audience, and how much energy the audience was giving back to the musicians onstage.
Gene Blake
In 1975, there were 511 arrests made at a concert featuring Pink Floyd at the Los Angeles Sports Arena. As the venue is prepped for demolition, here's a look at the exhaustive follow up to what happened to those arrested.
In 1975, there were 511 arrests made at a concert featuring Pink Floyd at the Los Angeles Sports Arena. As the venue is prepped for demolition, here's a look at the exhaustive follow up to what happened to those arrested.
"The end of old school."
That's how Bruce Springsteen described the imminent demise of his beloved Los Angeles Sports Arena, where Thursday night he played the second of three concerts to close the place down before it's demolished to make way for a new soccer stadium.
Given the little chuckle with which he said it, Springsteen was clearly also poking a bit of fun at himself or at the idea, anyway, that at age 66, he embodies a rock 'n' roll tradition that may die when he does. Sports Arena. The shows will be the last concerts at the half century old venue in Exposition Park before it's razed to make room for a new soccer stadium.
It's a familiar situation for the veteran rocker. In. Sports Arena. The shows will be the last concerts at the half century old venue in Exposition Park before it's razed to make room for a new soccer stadium.
It's a familiar situation for the veteran rocker.
1. Springsteen's endurance is a beautiful thing to behold, and on Thursday, his fans seemed to think they could absorb some of it by touching him. Reaching toward a rock star is a familiar move at any show, of course, but I can't remember the last time I saw so many people so eager to receive a high five from the guy onstage; several folks even proffered their young children, as though being blessed by Father Bruce might endow them with special powers. (Wish I'd brought my kids.)
And then there was the moment actually, several moments during "Hungry Heart" when Springsteen crowd surfed his way back to the stage from a platform on the arena's floor. It took so long that you wondered whether a plan had been hatched to carry the singer out onto Figueroa and away to somebody's darkened guest house.
Speaking of smiles, a fun thing to do at a show by the E Street Band is to keep your eyes on singer guitarist Patti Scialfa, who surveys the scene from her position stage left with a knowing little half grin, like Christina Hendricks in "Mad Men." You boys enjoy yourselves, she seems to be saying as Springsteen (also known as her husband) and guitarist Steven Van Zandt goof around in the spotlight. I'll just be over here working.
3. One of rock's foremost orators, Springsteen had plenty to tell the crowd about "The River" between songs, including some bits he'd recycled from recent interviews. But I liked what he had to say about how the album was his attempt to will into being certain experiences that, at the time, he hadn't yet had: marriage, for example, and starting a family. As the venue is prepped for demolition, here's a look at the original thoughts regarding the concert itself.
It can be misleading to weigh the present condition of a band against its earlier.
In 1975, there were 511 arrests made at a concert featuring Pink Floyd at the Los Angeles Sports Arena. As the venue is prepped for demolition, here's a look at the original thoughts regarding the concert itself.
It can be misleading to weigh the present condition of a band against its earlier.
()
4. As much as it was an opportunity to play old songs in an old arena, Thursday was also St. Patrick's Day, an occasion Springsteen cheerfully observed with stomping renditions of two Celtic accented cuts from his 2012 album "Wrecking Ball": "Death to My Hometown" and "American Land," which Springsteen dedicated to "all the Irish out there." (One such crowd member? Conan O'Brien,replica van cleef alhambra diamond earrings, who watched the show featuring his pal Max Weinberg from a seat near the stage.)
Earlier, during the "River" portion of the evening, Springsteen said "Crush on You" was for any Irish lovers in the house. Then,clover earrings van cleef replica, noting that both he and Scialfa are half Irish, he planted a kiss on his wife.
5. In keeping with his custom, Springsteen turned the house lights back up for "Born to Run" all the better in this case to take in the Sports Arena's dilapidated environs. But Thursday, he kept the lights on for the last half hour or so of the gig,replica van cleef and arpels stud earrings, which made it easy to see how much energy these songs were generating in the audience, and how much energy the audience was giving back to the musicians onstage.
Gene Blake
In 1975, there were 511 arrests made at a concert featuring Pink Floyd at the Los Angeles Sports Arena. As the venue is prepped for demolition, here's a look at the exhaustive follow up to what happened to those arrested.
In 1975, there were 511 arrests made at a concert featuring Pink Floyd at the Los Angeles Sports Arena. As the venue is prepped for demolition, here's a look at the exhaustive follow up to what happened to those arrested.
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backseat can be more dangerous than the front
It remains the conventional wisdom that sitting in the back of a vehicle is safer than sitting in the front, especially for passengers in the "death seat," as the spot next to the driver used to be called.
But that thinking is out of date. Major advances in car safety from basic air bags and "crumple zones" to seat belts that absorb the force of impacts during a crash have greatly reduced the likelihood of getting injured or killed while riding in the front seat. But far less progress has been made protecting backseat passengers.
"We don't have crash dummies in the rear. So things are improving in the front, but the backseat hasn't kept up," said Jessica Jermakian,van cleef and arpels alhambra earrings replica, a senior research scientist at the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, or IIHS. "For adult occupants, we wouldn't necessarily say it's safer [in the rear] anymore."
The issue of safety for car passengers surfaced again this week after veteran newsman and "60 Minutes" correspondent Bob Simon was killed in a crash while riding in a livery cab in Manhattan.
Simon, 73, was not wearing a seat belt at the time of the Wednesday night crash. Although there is no way to know whether a seat belt would have saved his life, the accident underscores the safety concerns related to car accidents, especially for those riding in the back.
The chances of surviving any serious car crash vary widely,replica van cleef diamond earrings, depending on the nature of the collision, speed and type of vehicles involved. But for people seated in the front, those odds have improved significantly over the last two decades as regulators started requiring automakers to install air bags. Understandably, the car industry's focus has been on better protecting riders in the front because that's where most passengers, or roughly 88 percent, sit.
"Historically, the rear seat has been safer," Jermakian said. "In older vehicles without all these restraint improvements, being in the front seat put you closer to the crash, and you don't have all those hard points in the back."
For children, the back remains the safest place to ride. accidents between 2007 and 2012.
The same is not true for adults. For those 55 and older, even those using seat belts were more likely to die in a crash while seated in the back than in the front, according to the study. Researchers said that was consistent with prior data showing that adults in the rear are more likely than adults in the front to sustain chest injuries. They also said there was "some evidence of an elevated risk of head and neck injuries for restrained women seated in the rear compared with the front."
Other factors could help explain why rear seat passengers are at risk. For one, many people who make a point of buckling up in the front, often because it is the law, are less likely to use seat belts when riding in the back. That may partly come down to comfort, said Joan Claybrook, president of Public Citizen from 1982 to 2009.
"The belts should be better designed so people would be more likely to use them,van cleef arpels alhambra earrings replica," she said, noting that many cars are made to hold three people in the back, making the belts clumsier to use and less comfortable.
And while cars commonly use a repeating tone to remind people in the front to fasten their seat belts, no such mechanism is activated if backseat passengers opt not to buckle up, Claybrook pointed out.
Adult rear row occupants were less likely to use seat belts, with just 70 percent of those ages 20 to 54, and 86 percent of those 55 and older using restraints, according to the study. That compares with 99 percent for infants, 96 percent for those 4 to 8 and 93 percent for 9 to 12.
Seat belts are an important factor in preventing passengers from being thrown from the vehicle in a crash, one of the deadliest outcomes.
"In fatal crashes in 2012, 79 percent of passenger vehicle occupants who were totally ejected from the vehicles were killed," a spokesperson for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said. "Only one percent of the occupants reported to have been using restraints were totally ejected, compared with 30 percent of the unrestrained occupants."
If car makers have done less to enhance the safety of rear seat passengers, they are investing big bucks in technology aimed at avoiding accidents altogether, including lane detection warning systems and automatic brakes.
"A lot of the technologies are moving away from crash worthiness to crash avoidance that's the shift we see taking place across the entire industry," said Jeremy Carslon, senior analyst within the automotive technology unit at IHS,replica van cleef earrings, a supplier of business analytics. "There's not a terrible amount of activity, relatively speaking, in the backseat as opposed to the front."
Yet the study released by IIHS and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found rear seat occupants could benefit from some of the same technologies used to protect drivers and front passengers.
"Front air bags, side air bags and knee air bags, plus features that ready safety belts when a crash is imminent and limit the amount of energy that is transferred to an occupant, are among those innovations," said a statement accompanying the Insurance Institute study, which analyzed real world data on crashes.
"We spent a lot of time for good reason looking at the front seat. Now there is some movement towards looking at what we can do for the rear," Jermakian said.
It remains the conventional wisdom that sitting in the back of a vehicle is safer than sitting in the front, especially for passengers in the "death seat," as the spot next to the driver used to be called.
But that thinking is out of date. Major advances in car safety from basic air bags and "crumple zones" to seat belts that absorb the force of impacts during a crash have greatly reduced the likelihood of getting injured or killed while riding in the front seat. But far less progress has been made protecting backseat passengers.
"We don't have crash dummies in the rear. So things are improving in the front, but the backseat hasn't kept up," said Jessica Jermakian,van cleef and arpels alhambra earrings replica, a senior research scientist at the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, or IIHS. "For adult occupants, we wouldn't necessarily say it's safer [in the rear] anymore."
The issue of safety for car passengers surfaced again this week after veteran newsman and "60 Minutes" correspondent Bob Simon was killed in a crash while riding in a livery cab in Manhattan.
Simon, 73, was not wearing a seat belt at the time of the Wednesday night crash. Although there is no way to know whether a seat belt would have saved his life, the accident underscores the safety concerns related to car accidents, especially for those riding in the back.
The chances of surviving any serious car crash vary widely,replica van cleef diamond earrings, depending on the nature of the collision, speed and type of vehicles involved. But for people seated in the front, those odds have improved significantly over the last two decades as regulators started requiring automakers to install air bags. Understandably, the car industry's focus has been on better protecting riders in the front because that's where most passengers, or roughly 88 percent, sit.
"Historically, the rear seat has been safer," Jermakian said. "In older vehicles without all these restraint improvements, being in the front seat put you closer to the crash, and you don't have all those hard points in the back."
For children, the back remains the safest place to ride. accidents between 2007 and 2012.
The same is not true for adults. For those 55 and older, even those using seat belts were more likely to die in a crash while seated in the back than in the front, according to the study. Researchers said that was consistent with prior data showing that adults in the rear are more likely than adults in the front to sustain chest injuries. They also said there was "some evidence of an elevated risk of head and neck injuries for restrained women seated in the rear compared with the front."
Other factors could help explain why rear seat passengers are at risk. For one, many people who make a point of buckling up in the front, often because it is the law, are less likely to use seat belts when riding in the back. That may partly come down to comfort, said Joan Claybrook, president of Public Citizen from 1982 to 2009.
"The belts should be better designed so people would be more likely to use them,van cleef arpels alhambra earrings replica," she said, noting that many cars are made to hold three people in the back, making the belts clumsier to use and less comfortable.
And while cars commonly use a repeating tone to remind people in the front to fasten their seat belts, no such mechanism is activated if backseat passengers opt not to buckle up, Claybrook pointed out.
Adult rear row occupants were less likely to use seat belts, with just 70 percent of those ages 20 to 54, and 86 percent of those 55 and older using restraints, according to the study. That compares with 99 percent for infants, 96 percent for those 4 to 8 and 93 percent for 9 to 12.
Seat belts are an important factor in preventing passengers from being thrown from the vehicle in a crash, one of the deadliest outcomes.
"In fatal crashes in 2012, 79 percent of passenger vehicle occupants who were totally ejected from the vehicles were killed," a spokesperson for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said. "Only one percent of the occupants reported to have been using restraints were totally ejected, compared with 30 percent of the unrestrained occupants."
If car makers have done less to enhance the safety of rear seat passengers, they are investing big bucks in technology aimed at avoiding accidents altogether, including lane detection warning systems and automatic brakes.
"A lot of the technologies are moving away from crash worthiness to crash avoidance that's the shift we see taking place across the entire industry," said Jeremy Carslon, senior analyst within the automotive technology unit at IHS,replica van cleef earrings, a supplier of business analytics. "There's not a terrible amount of activity, relatively speaking, in the backseat as opposed to the front."
Yet the study released by IIHS and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found rear seat occupants could benefit from some of the same technologies used to protect drivers and front passengers.
"Front air bags, side air bags and knee air bags, plus features that ready safety belts when a crash is imminent and limit the amount of energy that is transferred to an occupant, are among those innovations," said a statement accompanying the Insurance Institute study, which analyzed real world data on crashes.
"We spent a lot of time for good reason looking at the front seat. Now there is some movement towards looking at what we can do for the rear," Jermakian said.
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Christmas Village
One of my favorite Christmas memories as a child was watching and staring at my Uncle Durwood's Christmas tree. He had a train going around it and inside the track were figurines and scenic nick knacks they had bought on vacations and other travels. I loved that tree, and I vowed to have one of my own someday. But I started collecting buildings and figurines and it was only a few years before I had a Christmas Village that I was proud of and that has become a tradition in my family.
My Village base is made of pressed wood. I'm not sure a base is absolutely necessary, but I do think it gives a stable base to the train tracks and provides the means to get electrical chords out of the way. My board is just a standard sheet from the home improvement store, which happened to perfectly fit the space I wanted. You might need to make it smaller to fit your space.
I've cut my board in half and joined with hinges. I might make the feet larger some day. This is just a base layer of white for the whole village. I usually replace this layer of felt every two years.
On the board I next place a stand. The stand provides the tunnel for the train to go through, and creates visual variety. The stand is also made of pressed wood. Simply cut two pieces of wood (mine are approximately 2 feet by 8 inches) and cut notches in the center of each. This allows them to be joined together as an X and is a very stable base. Whatever size you decide for your stand, the higher you make it, the wider it should be. Tall and skinny is a recipe for disaster. The first couple of years I had my village the stand was used for the Christmas tree, and the village sprawled out below. Lately though, the tree has been next to the stand and this has allowed me to create more interesting layouts.
Step 4: Place and Decorate Your Tree
Once the stand is in place it is time to place and decorate your tree. Don't do anything else until it's decorated,replica van cleef magic alhambra earrings, and don't forget the put the star or angel on top. It's very difficult to put it on later once the village is finished.
Step 5: Laying the Track
Now I lay the train track. I don't always lay the track all the way around at this point, but I at least lay it in the tunnel (under the stand) and behind the tree. The rest can be done later. My train is a Lionel Pennsylvania Flyer. I've added 8 sections of straight track to what comes in the standard Lionel package. This makes it fit the standard piece of plywood very well in a standard square oval.
I use legal books as my village risers. The risers allow me to create hills and valleys for the buildings to be on or in front of. Cinder blocks, bricks, boxes, or anything could be used for the risers. The legal books I use are decorative books on our shelves the rest of the year. Now I generally get it right the first time because I can usually imagine it in my head correctly first. I don't change the layout every year. I'll keep the same layout for two years and then change it.
After you have your risers where you think you like them, start placing your buildings. Here you are testing your layout to see how it looks. You may have to switch out books because they make certain buildings too high or too low. You may end up moving books because it just doesn't look like you visualized. This is your testing phase and it's the time to make your major changes. Once you lay down your cover felt, it's difficult to move books around and make design changes.
Step 8: Cover Felt and Replacing of Buildings
After you have the placements right, take everything off the risers and lay down your cover felt. The cover felt will be the main floor of the village that people will actually see. It will help you make the hills and valleys out of the risers and it will help hide the electrical cords. Avoid hard edges. After it looks how you want it start laying the cords. Cut the cover felt and snake the lighting cords underneath to your power strip. I've switched to the multi light cords verses the single light chords that come in with the buildings. This allows me to light more buildings with fewer outlets, and allows fewer cuts in the cover felt,replica van cleef lotus earrings, but does hinder building placement as the lights are a set distance apart.
Step 9: Figurines and Finishing
Last is placing the figurines and scenery. I have 4 or 5 different kinds of trees that I've collected over the years. In my opinion the people are best when they are slightly noticed, verse jumping out at you. Fake snow. The little bags of snow sold at craft stores. I resisted paying for the snow for a couple of years, and then one year I broke down and bought some. What a difference it makes!! The fake snow is like the magic you sprinkle on at the end. A thin sprinkling is all that is needed, but put it everywhere; on the buildings, on the people, trees, etc. I've been a fan of the site and all the wonderful things everyone posts. Merry Christmas!
Here a link to my 2011 Village video. I have been trying to figure out how to have the villages at different levels without spending money. The books are a wonderful idea,fake van cleef earrings. Thank you.
It all looks so lovely. Check this out for display ideas, mountains, backdrops, etc. There are pages and pages of very detailed explanations about how to display and make Christmas villages. i get the loose stuff, not sheets. then I just fluff it up.
one thing i add to my village is a small pond i just use a CD and place a tree in the middle with fake snow arround it
I used to set my village up on a large banquet table. Since moving half way across Canada into a smaller home,replica van cleef arpels alhambra earrings, I didn think I ever be able to have my village set up again. Thanks to you, I be buying what I need and next year I have my village set up and my family will be able to enjoy looking at it again.
Thanks Mach! I did this instructable before Christmas 2008. Each year it just gets better because I collect more buildings and more trees and more people!
Looks great! Our Holiday village is one of our favorite traditions, thank you for the good tips on the instructions, i can wait to try it.
One of my favorite Christmas memories as a child was watching and staring at my Uncle Durwood's Christmas tree. He had a train going around it and inside the track were figurines and scenic nick knacks they had bought on vacations and other travels. I loved that tree, and I vowed to have one of my own someday. But I started collecting buildings and figurines and it was only a few years before I had a Christmas Village that I was proud of and that has become a tradition in my family.
My Village base is made of pressed wood. I'm not sure a base is absolutely necessary, but I do think it gives a stable base to the train tracks and provides the means to get electrical chords out of the way. My board is just a standard sheet from the home improvement store, which happened to perfectly fit the space I wanted. You might need to make it smaller to fit your space.
I've cut my board in half and joined with hinges. I might make the feet larger some day. This is just a base layer of white for the whole village. I usually replace this layer of felt every two years.
On the board I next place a stand. The stand provides the tunnel for the train to go through, and creates visual variety. The stand is also made of pressed wood. Simply cut two pieces of wood (mine are approximately 2 feet by 8 inches) and cut notches in the center of each. This allows them to be joined together as an X and is a very stable base. Whatever size you decide for your stand, the higher you make it, the wider it should be. Tall and skinny is a recipe for disaster. The first couple of years I had my village the stand was used for the Christmas tree, and the village sprawled out below. Lately though, the tree has been next to the stand and this has allowed me to create more interesting layouts.
Step 4: Place and Decorate Your Tree
Once the stand is in place it is time to place and decorate your tree. Don't do anything else until it's decorated,replica van cleef magic alhambra earrings, and don't forget the put the star or angel on top. It's very difficult to put it on later once the village is finished.
Step 5: Laying the Track
Now I lay the train track. I don't always lay the track all the way around at this point, but I at least lay it in the tunnel (under the stand) and behind the tree. The rest can be done later. My train is a Lionel Pennsylvania Flyer. I've added 8 sections of straight track to what comes in the standard Lionel package. This makes it fit the standard piece of plywood very well in a standard square oval.
I use legal books as my village risers. The risers allow me to create hills and valleys for the buildings to be on or in front of. Cinder blocks, bricks, boxes, or anything could be used for the risers. The legal books I use are decorative books on our shelves the rest of the year. Now I generally get it right the first time because I can usually imagine it in my head correctly first. I don't change the layout every year. I'll keep the same layout for two years and then change it.
After you have your risers where you think you like them, start placing your buildings. Here you are testing your layout to see how it looks. You may have to switch out books because they make certain buildings too high or too low. You may end up moving books because it just doesn't look like you visualized. This is your testing phase and it's the time to make your major changes. Once you lay down your cover felt, it's difficult to move books around and make design changes.
Step 8: Cover Felt and Replacing of Buildings
After you have the placements right, take everything off the risers and lay down your cover felt. The cover felt will be the main floor of the village that people will actually see. It will help you make the hills and valleys out of the risers and it will help hide the electrical cords. Avoid hard edges. After it looks how you want it start laying the cords. Cut the cover felt and snake the lighting cords underneath to your power strip. I've switched to the multi light cords verses the single light chords that come in with the buildings. This allows me to light more buildings with fewer outlets, and allows fewer cuts in the cover felt,replica van cleef lotus earrings, but does hinder building placement as the lights are a set distance apart.
Step 9: Figurines and Finishing
Last is placing the figurines and scenery. I have 4 or 5 different kinds of trees that I've collected over the years. In my opinion the people are best when they are slightly noticed, verse jumping out at you. Fake snow. The little bags of snow sold at craft stores. I resisted paying for the snow for a couple of years, and then one year I broke down and bought some. What a difference it makes!! The fake snow is like the magic you sprinkle on at the end. A thin sprinkling is all that is needed, but put it everywhere; on the buildings, on the people, trees, etc. I've been a fan of the site and all the wonderful things everyone posts. Merry Christmas!
Here a link to my 2011 Village video. I have been trying to figure out how to have the villages at different levels without spending money. The books are a wonderful idea,fake van cleef earrings. Thank you.
It all looks so lovely. Check this out for display ideas, mountains, backdrops, etc. There are pages and pages of very detailed explanations about how to display and make Christmas villages. i get the loose stuff, not sheets. then I just fluff it up.
one thing i add to my village is a small pond i just use a CD and place a tree in the middle with fake snow arround it
I used to set my village up on a large banquet table. Since moving half way across Canada into a smaller home,replica van cleef arpels alhambra earrings, I didn think I ever be able to have my village set up again. Thanks to you, I be buying what I need and next year I have my village set up and my family will be able to enjoy looking at it again.
Thanks Mach! I did this instructable before Christmas 2008. Each year it just gets better because I collect more buildings and more trees and more people!
Looks great! Our Holiday village is one of our favorite traditions, thank you for the good tips on the instructions, i can wait to try it.
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Be Prepared Before Taking Your Dog on Your Next Holiday Road Trip
Planning Your TripIt is exciting when you start planning a holiday vacation. Although when it involves taking a dog it needs a little more planning. Years ago you would not see a lot of people travelling with their dogs on caravan or camping holidays. Today thousands of travellers include their pets in their holiday celebrations. I have written this article on travelling with dogs although the same applies for most pets.
Take Dog for Short Trips in the Car
Before even thinking of taking a road trip with a dog you should take him/her for short trips to get him used to travelling in the car. Make sure the dog is wearing a safety harness when in any vehicle. Dogs can suffer from motion sickness and may require medication. A dog may associate a trip in the car to a vet, therefore, take him on fun trips to the park or beach to dispel this notion. When he is comfortable in the vehicle take the next step.
Come on Guys, let me in. Titan is always in a hurry to get in the caravan when we stop to camp for the day. Hoping for a treat of course.
Visit the VetMake sure your dog is up to date with the required vaccinations before leaving on holidays. Often while traveling you come across museums, art galleries or other places where you cannot take a dog. To visit these places you can book your dog into kennels. Some veterinarians offer boarding facilities which allows you visit these places.
To do this you have to show their vaccination certificate before leaving them in kennels. Always keep these certificates handy as proof,van cleef and arpels butterfly necklace fake.
Microchip and Update His ID Tags
It would be horrible to lose your wonderful pet especially if travelling in the countryside; you should have your dog Micro chipped. This will identify your dog if it becomes lost. Make sure that if you change your phone number or move home that you have these details updated. You can update these details online. Register your dog and attach his license tag to collar. Another useful thing is to engrave dogs name and phone number on a disk around his neck,alhambra necklace van cleef fake.
Train your Dog to Walk on LeadEven though parks accept dogs, they must always stay on a leash. Therefore, you have to train your dog to respond to your commands and walk on a lead.
Traveling with a Dog in the Car
All dogs need restraining while in a vehicle,van cleef magic alhambra necklace replica. Many states in Australia charge a hefty fine when a dog is not restrained in a proper harness.
By keeping your mate restrained in one of these harnesses he/she will not become a flying missile if you suddenly have to use your brakes, instead he will be held safe. You can walk your dog with most of these harnesses, simply click on the lead and go.
We always have a water dish setup in front of our dog. While restrained in harness he can still drink whenever he needs it while traveling. (ice cream container used for this picture)
Essentials to Pack for your Friend
Like humans, dogs have specific needs when traveling. Especially if traveling during the summer months,vintage alhambra necklace fake, they need water. We always have a container of water positioned in front of Titan as we travel. When he feels thirsty he helps himself to a drink. Be aware, and look for signs of dehydration. Our dog has little white flecks, like salt on his nose. We use a small water spray bottle in the car to keep him cool.
Planning Your TripIt is exciting when you start planning a holiday vacation. Although when it involves taking a dog it needs a little more planning. Years ago you would not see a lot of people travelling with their dogs on caravan or camping holidays. Today thousands of travellers include their pets in their holiday celebrations. I have written this article on travelling with dogs although the same applies for most pets.
Take Dog for Short Trips in the Car
Before even thinking of taking a road trip with a dog you should take him/her for short trips to get him used to travelling in the car. Make sure the dog is wearing a safety harness when in any vehicle. Dogs can suffer from motion sickness and may require medication. A dog may associate a trip in the car to a vet, therefore, take him on fun trips to the park or beach to dispel this notion. When he is comfortable in the vehicle take the next step.
Come on Guys, let me in. Titan is always in a hurry to get in the caravan when we stop to camp for the day. Hoping for a treat of course.
Visit the VetMake sure your dog is up to date with the required vaccinations before leaving on holidays. Often while traveling you come across museums, art galleries or other places where you cannot take a dog. To visit these places you can book your dog into kennels. Some veterinarians offer boarding facilities which allows you visit these places.
To do this you have to show their vaccination certificate before leaving them in kennels. Always keep these certificates handy as proof,van cleef and arpels butterfly necklace fake.
Microchip and Update His ID Tags
It would be horrible to lose your wonderful pet especially if travelling in the countryside; you should have your dog Micro chipped. This will identify your dog if it becomes lost. Make sure that if you change your phone number or move home that you have these details updated. You can update these details online. Register your dog and attach his license tag to collar. Another useful thing is to engrave dogs name and phone number on a disk around his neck,alhambra necklace van cleef fake.
Train your Dog to Walk on LeadEven though parks accept dogs, they must always stay on a leash. Therefore, you have to train your dog to respond to your commands and walk on a lead.
Traveling with a Dog in the Car
All dogs need restraining while in a vehicle,van cleef magic alhambra necklace replica. Many states in Australia charge a hefty fine when a dog is not restrained in a proper harness.
By keeping your mate restrained in one of these harnesses he/she will not become a flying missile if you suddenly have to use your brakes, instead he will be held safe. You can walk your dog with most of these harnesses, simply click on the lead and go.
We always have a water dish setup in front of our dog. While restrained in harness he can still drink whenever he needs it while traveling. (ice cream container used for this picture)
Essentials to Pack for your Friend
Like humans, dogs have specific needs when traveling. Especially if traveling during the summer months,vintage alhambra necklace fake, they need water. We always have a container of water positioned in front of Titan as we travel. When he feels thirsty he helps himself to a drink. Be aware, and look for signs of dehydration. Our dog has little white flecks, like salt on his nose. We use a small water spray bottle in the car to keep him cool.
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