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Most enterprise networks are primarily using 100 GbE for their backbone and leaf-spine infrastructure with 10 GbE and 25 GbE switches further down the stack. Because these are production environments, customers are hesitant to change anything, either because the equipment has not fully depreciated yet or applications are not reaching bandwidth limitations. Seemingly, if customers are not topping out the 100 GbE infrastructures today, then there would not be much demand for a four-time increase in bandwidth.
But, for other reasons, 400 GbE may be headed toward enterprise data centers in the future.All these dynamics point to the need for the greater network bandwidth that 400 GbE can provide. But businesses won't start ripping out their existing core infrastructure and rewiring their data centers anytime soon. More likely, we'll see a phase-in for 400 GbE in the leaf and spine where more bandwidth density can help relieve crowded aggregation networks. 400 GbE can be split via a multiplexer into smaller increments with the most popular options being 2 x 200 Gb, 4 x 100 Gb or 8 x 50 Gb.
At the aggregation layer, these new higher-speed connections begin to increase in bandwidth per port, we will see a reduction in port density and more simplified cabling requirements.As an example, one of the most common leaf-spine switches today is the Cisco Catalyst 9300 Series, which features six 100 Gb uplinks for 600 Gb of aggregate upstream bandwidth. When setting up two top-of-rack switches for redundancy, networks will require 12 upstream 100 Gb links, or only three 400 Gb links.
Though the top of rack at the leaf level may stay the same, a 4-to-1 reduction in connections to the spine will reduce port counts and provide more room for future expansion. Most importantly, this will bring new breathing room to infrastructures that are starting to feel the pinch, either from space or port availability.While port density at the aggregation level may be an important driver for 400 GbE, there is another area where density matters as well. The Quad Small Form Factor Pluggable (QSFP) Ethernet transceivers that customers use -- like QSFP , QSFP28 or QSFP56 -- will not support 400 GbE bandwidth.
Knowing India’s refusal to allow any country to be an arbitrator in the dispute, the Chinese foreign ministry preferred not to give a direct reply. “In order to ease the tensions actually China has maintained close communication with both India and Pakistan. Whatever is conducive to regional peace and stability, China will try to do that, and we will continue to do so,” Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Lu Kang said. TOP COMMENT We don''t need any envoy from any country.
What we just need is our Kashmir back to us from illegal Pak occupation. He was again asked whether China would like to play a mediation role in the dispute because such an offer has come from Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov. Lu refused to be drawn into a “Yes” or “No” reply. “We welcome all efforts that are conducive to easing tensions and promoting peace and stability in this region,” he said. China is in close contact with both India and Pakistan, and will play a constructive role, he added.
Beijing's propaganda apparatus is pumping up the volume for its annual parliament meeting, with videos starring a rapper dropping rhymes about his "elation" for the session and an American waxing lyrical about the Chinese "system of democracy".To get more china news in english news, you can visit shine news official website. Chinese state media regularly rolls out clips targeted at foreign audiences during important political events, and this year's production has again raised eyebrows among China watchers.Xinhua, China's official news agency, co-produced a rap video entitled "'Two Sessions': To the World from China" to celebrate the annual meeting of the rubber-stamp parliament - the National People's Congress - and the country's top political advisory body.
Rich in rhymes which often appear incoherent, the song boasts about the country's social and scientific achievements, from anti-pollution measures to poverty alleviation programmes and a historic moon landing. "I got elation from inspiration writing a compliment song for the nation while I'm talking about 'two sessions'," raps Su Han, the hoodie-clad singer in the music video. "Monkey King to the West, legendary dragon to the sky, y'all know it's time for Chinese miracle."It is not the first time that Chinese state media has used rap in an effort to make propaganda more catchy, building up a sizable repertoire of songs on government initiatives and catchphrases, like the "Chinese Dream".
Last year, the Communist Party mouthpiece, the People's Daily, released an animated rap video on "Two Sessions" that included vox pop-style interviews with citizens and even a few foreigners. The latest video "is part of a trend towards hipper, younger content that has been visible for several years now", said Florian Schneider, senior lecturer at Leiden University, who studies media and political communication in China. "Since Xi Jinping came to power, the Chinese propaganda system has been working more closely with advertisers and PR experts to create the kind of content that they hope will go viral online," he told AFP.The choice to produce the "Two Sessions" rap video in English this year also indicates that the intended audience is outside of China.
Over the past few years, Chinese state media has pushed similar videos on to social media platforms, such as Twitter and Facebook, which are blocked in China. In 2017, Xinhua produced a "Belt and Road" rap video with English subtitles on China's US$1 trillion infrastructure initiative, later disseminating it on Twitter. "The Chinese Communist Party has been trying to communicate its values more to the outside world with China feeling more confident now with all those projects, like the Belt and Road project," said Xiaoling Zhang, professor at the University of Nottingham Ningbo China, who researches public diplomacy and international communication in China.