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Fasoracetam (110958-19-5) which is also known as LAM-105, NFC-1, and NS-105, is a smart drug or nootropic which belongs to the popular racetam family of drugs. Nootropics are quickly growing in popularity thanks to their ability to enhance cognitive function, especially executive functions, motivation, memory, or creativity, in healthy individuals. In this article we are going to discuss fasoracetam in depth.

What is Fasoracetam
Fasoracetam is a new Racetam family member. Fasoracetam powder is showing high potential not only as one of the greatest nootropics but also as non-stimulant effective medication for ADHD. Fasoracetam powder 110958-19-5 has shown that it can prevent against amnesia and other memory-loss impairments in a practical study conducted on rats.

Furthermore, there is great evidence on the cognitive advantages to be derived from using fasoracetam and that’s why the drug have been rated as the best nootropics.For instance, fasoracetam nootropics can be applied to alleviate depression or provide anxiety relief and take the user into a determined and calm state.

Fasoracetam half life is relatively short because it is around two hours. However, it remains powerful for that short duration. With this in mind, you can take several small doses throughout the day.

How does Fasoracetam work? Mechanism of action
The mechanism of action of fasoracetam is not entirely understood. It is however believed to regulate the release and production of the three most important neurotransmitters of the brain which include glutamate, cetylcholine, and GABA.

Balance Restoration to the Glutamate System

The pure Nootropics fasoracetam is known to regulate some receptors of the brain for glutamate, a critical excitatory neurotransmitter important for all brain function’s aspects.Imbalances of glutamate are associated with a wide variety of mental and physical disorders, including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, ADHD, schizophrenia, depressive disorder, and epilepsy.

Fasoracetam nootropics functions on glutamate receptor’s specific group known as metabotropic glutamate receptors or mGluRs that play a wide variety of roles in the brain and the body but are majorly involved in memory, anxiety, and learning.

The only known metabotropic glutamate receptors are eight in number and they functions together to ensure maintenance of a delicate balance. Two of these mGluRs acts to boost neural excitation and the other six lowering neurotoxicity risk by lessening neural excitation as required.‍In research studies involving animals, fasoracetam powder achieved to restore the work of two inhibitory metabotropic glutamate receptors, slightly reducing glutamate activity in the brain.‍

However, fasoracetam may also regulate all the mGluRs, restoring balance to the whole glutamate system. This mechanism of action explains why fasoracetam adhd treatment gives perfect results. ADHD is highly associated with decreased glutamate levels, without functioning as an overall stimulant.

Acetylcholine roles

Fasoracetam is a very powerful cholinergic. This means that it greatly boosts uptake of choline in the brain cortex and hippocampus. The additional choline produced is utilized by the brain to boost acetylcholine levels. Acetylcholine is a valuable neurotransmitter which has affects general memory, learning, and cognition.

This type of cholinergic mechanism is typical for Piracetam, Aniracetam, and other Racetams. Actually, this is why racetams family of nootropics is so potent at enhancing cognition. Also, like most Racetams this mechanism leads to spending too much choline, which leads to headaches. That’s why it’s recommended that you take a choline stack when taking Racetams.

GABA Upregulation

This nootropic has been proved to stimulate the activity of GABA-B receptors upwards. This makes more GABA available in the CNS (central nervous system) and the brain.‍Also, glutamate is the precursor to GABA, an essential inhibitory neurotransmitter which is associated with reducing anxiety, learning, promoting sleep, and has calming effects.

The extra GABA, in combination with the glutamate receptors modulation, is how Fasoracetam powder relieves anxiety and depression increasing motivation and decreasing social inhibition.In research studies involving rats, this combined mechanism of action was seen crucial to the ability of subjects to overcome learned helplessness after fasoracetam treatment.

Fasoracetam benefits and effects
What we liked about Fasoracetam is its usability. This nootropic can be utilized by a wide variety of people, depending on the problems they have and their age. People with various conditions as well as healthy people can apply it to assist them deal with the health issues that trouble them. It does not matter whether the user is a working person, a senior citizen, or a college student, they can all experience some incredible Fasoracetam benefits.

Fasoracetam has the potential to activate Choline levels in the brain, assisting users feel well focused and on point, without the need to use any extra stimulants. Unlike stimulants, this nootropic enables you to stay focused and perform all the tasks ahead of you without feeling like walking around to release the built up physical energy. In simpler terms, you’ll feel calm and stay focused on your job.

Increased choline levels can also lead to enhanced concentration. This means that users of this drug can be better at learning and utilizing their intelligence to the optimum levels.Fasoracetam powder is an excellent drug for anyone who want to boost their cognitive functions and achieve the enhancements they need, without feeling wired and unable to stay calm in one place.

These Fasoracetam benefits are also excellent for the elderly people who have had cognitive decline. By using fasoracetam, they’ll have the ability to talk better, make better sense of what is going on around them and also feel younger in terms of thinking and judgement.  
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
Pramiracetam (N-[2-(dipropan-2-ylamino)ethyl">-2- (2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide) is a GABA-like compound derived from the original racetam. The chemical difference between the two is that Pramiracetam has a dipropan-2-ylaminoethyl group rather than an amide.pramiracetam dosage

Pramiracetam is remarkable for high oral-bioavailability and high potency. For this reason, users take Pramiracetam in smaller doses than it's prototype.

This more potent racetam is sometimes taken as an alternative to weaker racetams for people who don't feel they give them the sense of well-being that they are after or people who don't want to take as much powder as less potent racetams can require.
As with other racetams, the direct mechanism of Pramiracetam is not fully known. It has been conjectured that racetams increase acetylcholine receptors, or are antioxidants, but more study is required. There is also speculation that racetams interact heavily with glutamate receptors, but, again, the action is unclear.

Pramiracetam most likely works by increasing cholinergic neuronal impulse flow in specific regions of the brain based on certain in vitro observations.While the mechanisms are not clearly understood, the outcomes of the racetams have been looked into extensively. Since their first debut in the early 1970's, a lot of interest has been put into the many racetams.

Advantageous Pramiracetam side effects include improved memory and reduced delayed verbal recall. There is also some evidence to suggest that Pramiracetam is superior to the original racetam in helping with memory retrieval and orientation.

Pramiracetam has also shown to improve some test scores on cognitive ability up to three hours after being taken. It remains a highly popular nootropic and an inexpensive way to optimize mental performance.

Pramiracetam Dose
Users typically take Pramiracetam powder in doses around 250 mg a few times a day with meals. As with most racetams, many people take a choline source along with it. Some say taking choline along with the proper Pramiracetam dosage can improve the overall experience.
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
Evodiamine is a bioactive alkaloid extract from a plant called Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.). This is a Chinese herb named Wu-Chu-Yu that Chinese herbalists have used for centuries as a weight loss supplement.
Evodia extract is a mild, yet remarkable stimulant that has shown positive energy and diuretic characteristics. Even more exciting is its unique ability to significantly elevate the production of body heat and increase resting core temperature.
Appearance:brown yellow to white powder
galantamine extract is specific, competitive and reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It is also an allosteric modulator at nicotinic cholinergic receptor sites potentiating cholinergic nicotinic neurotransmission. Both the acetylcholine and nicotine receptors have been suggested as areas related to cognitive impairment. Initially, Galanthamine extract was used in anesthesiology to antagonize the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, and since then it was rapidly introduced in other areas of medicine, i.e. neurology, ophthalmology, gastroenterology, intensive care and resuscitation, cardiology, physiotherapy.
Galanthamine extract is a product with broad therapeutic index, allowing "soft" manifestation of its effect with individual dosing depending on the particular case.
Several trials already showed that Galantamine 16 and 24 mg/day significantly benefits the cognitive, functional, and behavioral symptoms of AD as compared with placebo and proved also to be very effective in symptomatic treatment of senile dementia of Alzheimer's type
Functions
Galantamine hydrobromide is weak anticholinesterase drug through the blood-brain barrier, it is the role of the central nervous system.
-Galantamine hydrobromide can make the neuromuscular recovery and improve the state of paralysis of various peripheral neuromuscular disorders.
-Galantamine hydrobromide can treatment of a wide range of less toxic, and are well tolerated by patients.
-Galantamine hydrobromide is mainly used in clinical treatment of sequelae of poliomyelitis (polio), muscular dystrophy and myasthenia gravis.
-Galantamine hydrobromide can also be used for children with cerebral palsy, traumatic sensorimotor disorder, polyneuritis and radiculitis etc.  
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
Smart Drugs Coluracetam Nootropic for Memory Improving



Coluracetam is a nootropic agent of the racetam family.It is often touted for its memory boosting effects and for its effects on manic depression and anxiety. Although Coluracetam is mainly associated with these benefits, it has also been reported to boost optic properties.It may also have potential use in prevention and treatment of ischemic retinopathy and retinal and optic nerve injury.

Coluracetam has been shown to reverse the loss of choline acetyltransferase production in the medial septal nucleus of rats exposed to phencyclidine (PCP), and is considered a potential therapeutic drug for schizophrenia.

Coluracetam is a racetam that affects acetylcholine, indirectly. Coluracetam is a high affinity choline uptake enhancer. This activity of the drug increases the efficiency of cholinergic neurons. Most drugs used to treat Alzheimer's increase acetylcholine, because this neurotransmitter is tightly linked to learning and memory.

Memory and Learning

Coluracetam is shown to improve cognitive function and memory in rats, and in theory, the same results are expected in human beings. A study conducted by BrainCells Inc, showed a memory improvement in rats who were given substance AF64A (a neuron-specific neurotoxin) for 8 days along with Coluracetam in 3mg doses. These rats were put through the standardized Morris Water Maze to mark their ability to get through it, and even up to 72 hours after the last 8mg dose, they were still able to. Another key finding of this study was that the results were still apparent 3 days after the last dose, even though the serum concentration of Coluracetam was negligible.

Depression and Anxiety

BrainCells Inc, found that a dosage of 240mg (split into three daily doses of 80mg) was useful in treating major depression co-morbid with GAD (generalized anxiety disorder). However, the differences were most pronounced in those who didn't find relief in using standard antidepressants. After one dose, there were no noticeable differences, but after 2 doses at 80mg, 36% had improved scores during a depression assessment test.

Eyesight

Coluracetam has been associated with optic benefits such as enhanced color vision, recognition and vividness. Although there isn't any conclusive evidence to support the mechanisms behind this benefit, experts believe that Coluracetam works in the part of the brain that runs visual processes.

Dosage

Since the study subjects were rats, there aren't any recommended human dosages, but there is a general guideline for conversion.In rats, the dosage ranged between 1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg per day. By using allometric scaling, the dose becomes 2.9 mg/kg in humans, so the average dose should not exceed 203.5 mg daily for someone in a typical weight class.

There isn't very much information to indicate toxicity of Coluracetam, although doses given at the above increments showed no negative side effects. If you haven't used a nootropic before, you may develop headache after use, which is a common in first time users. By stacking the Coluracetam with Choline, you'll reduce this risk.  
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
Description:
Coluracetam Review 135463-81-9
Product Name: Coluracetam MKC-231
Chemical Name: N-(2,3-Dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b">quinolin-4-yl)-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-
1-yl)acetamide
CAS No.: 135463-81-9
Formula: C19H23N3O3
Purity:99%
Molecular Weight:341.40
Appearance:white crystal powder
Boiling Point:634.1C at 760 mmHg C
Description: Coluracetam (BCI-540) is a nootropic drug of the racetam family. (for research only
Application:mainly applied to promote intellectual product. /raw material used in Synthesis/
pharmaceutical raw material

Coluracetam (INN) (code name BCI-540; formerly MKC-231) is a nootropic agent of the racetam family.[1"> It was initially developed and tested by the Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation for Alzheimer's disease. After the drug failed to reach endpoints in its clinical trials it was in-licensed by BrainCells Inc for investigations into major depressive disorder (MDD), which was preceded by being awarded a "Qualifying Therapeutic Discovery Program Grant" by the state of California.[2"> Findings from phase IIa clinical trials have suggested that it would be a potential medication for comorbid MDD with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).[3"> BrainCells Inc is currently[when?"> out-licensing the drug for this purpose.[4">[full citation needed"> It may also have potential use in prevention and treatment of ischemic retinopathy and retinal and optic nerve injury.[medical citation needed">

Coluracetam has been shown to reverse the loss of choline acetyltransferase production in the medial septal nucleus of rats exposed to phencyclidine (PCP), and is considered a potential therapeutic drug for schizophrenia.
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
Hailey Baldwin went all out with her recent wedding to Justin Bieber, wearing not one, not two, but three dresses during the celebration. Baldwin’s longtime stylist, Maeve Reilly, gave fans the first full look at her third gown, a custom Ralph & Russo dress with a thigh-high slit.eisenge

Of course, Baldwin’s other two gowns were also custom. Her choice for the ceremony was a custom Off-White creation by Virgil Abloh, featuring a long train with the words “TILL DEATH DO US PART” on it.

For the reception, Baldwin also wore a custom silk gown by Vera Wang, which Reilly said, Baldwin “danced the night away in,” probably made easier by the pair of sneakers she was wearing.Baldwin and Bieber are currently taking a breather after their $500,000 wedding, and have decided to wait to go on a honeymoon.

“For Justin and Hailey, every day is like a honeymoon,” a source told People. “They have time to enjoy each other’s company daily. They don’t have a honeymoon trip planned at the moment, and they are both fine with it.”
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
Sebelum memulai aktivitas, wajib banget hukumnya untuk mengaplikasikan sunscreen untuk melindungi kulit dari paparan sinar matahari jahat.Meskipun matahari enggak terik banget ataupun lagi musim hujan sekalipun, kita tetap harus memakai sunscreen untuk memproteksi kulit.Buat kita yang punya kulit yang kering dan sensitif enggak usah khawatir, karena ada beberapa produk sunscreen yang cocok dan bersahabat untuk kulit kita.sunblock wajah yang bagus

Berikut rekomendasi 5 sunscreen yang harganya terjangkau dan aman untuk kulit kering dan sensitif.Produk yang diklaim aman untuk kulit remaja ini memiliki formula yang ringan dan mudah banget meresap di kulit.Sunscreen ini mengandung ekstrak aloe vera dan emollient yang akan membuat kulit kering kita jadi terasa lebih lembap.

Kandungan SPF 30 dan PA+++ nya akan melindungi kulit wajah dari bahaya sinar UVA dan UVB!
Harga: Rp. 27.000

Sunscreen dari brand lokal halal yang satu ini dilengkapi dengan kandungan vitamin E, Pro-Vitamin B5, dan ekstrak lidah buaya yang akan menutrisi dan melembapkan kulit kering dan sensitif.

Sunscreen ini memiliki SPF 30++ yang akan membantu melindungi kulit dari paparan sinar matahari jahat.
Harga: Rp. 40.000

Sunscreen yang satu ini punya kandungan hyaluronic acid yang akan memberikan kelembapan pada kulit, susu untuk mencerahkan, serta kolagen dan vitamin E sebagai anti-aging.

Formulanya pun terasa sangat ringan dan enggak lengket ketika diaplikasikan pada kulit.Buat yang punya kulit cenderung sensitif enggak perlu khawatir, karena produk ini bebas pewarna dan pewangi buatan.Udah gitu, sunscreen ini mengandung SPF 50+ yang akan memberikan perlindungan lebih ekstra pada kulit dari bahaya sinar matahari jahat!
Biore
Harga: RP. 115.000

Sunscreen yang satu ini memiliki formula seperti air yang super ringan dan cepat meresap dikulit.Produk ini diperkaya dengan kandungan Hyaluric Acid dan Citrus Essence untuk menjaga kelembapan kulit.

Kandungan Aqua Micro Capsule pada produk ini akan memberikan sensasi dingin yang menenangkan kulit yang sensitif.SPF 50++ nya dijamin akan bikin kulit selalu terlindungi dari sinar ultraviolet yang mampu merusak kulit.
COSRX
Harga: Rp. 140.000

Sunscreen dari brand Korea ini memiliki kandungan lebih dari 5000 ppm ekstrak aloe vera yang akan senantiasa melembapkan kulit kering kita.Dengan formula khusus untuk memperbaiki pelindung alami kulit, produk ini cocok banget dipakai untuk yang punya kulit sensitif.Sunscreen bertekstur cream ini cepat meresap dan memberikan sensasi kulit yang terhidrasi dan menenangkan.
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
Stars, kulit berminyak sering dianggap momok bagi banyak wanita. Hal ini dikarenakan kulit berminyak dibarengi dengan beberapa masalah kulit seperti, pori – pori besar, komedo, kusam dan jerawat. Masalah kulit ini pun bukan hanya dialami saat masa awal puberty, wanita usia 20-an sampai 35 tahun pun masih banyak yang berkutat dengan masalah ini. skincare untuk kulit berminyak

Tapi, Stars engga perlu khawatir nih. Artikel ini akan memberikan informasi seputar urutan perawatan wajah agar kamu terhindar dari masalah kulit tersebut. Yuk simak!

1. Cleanser
Langkah pertama, kamu dapat menggunakan pembersih wajah berbentuk gel atau foam yang sesuai dengan kulit berminyak.

2. Exfoliating
Exfoliating adalah proses pengelupasan kulit mati dengan menggunakan scrub halus. Gunakan 2 hari sekali dengan gerakan memutar, jangan terlalu kasar. Proses ini akan mempercepat kamu mendapatkan kulit halus. Pilih scrub untuk kulit berminyak ya Stars.

3. Toner
Toner membantu menghilangkan sisa-sisa proses pembersihan tadi sekaligus menutup pori-pori. Cukup dengan menepuk-nepukkan kapas yang sudah diberi toner ke wajah kamu dengan lembut. Jadi, jangan lupa pakai toner ya dan gunakan toner khusus untuk kulit berminyak.

4. Moisturizer
Moisturizer atau pelembab sangat diperlukan kulit berminyak. Mungkin kamu pernah mendengar bahwa kulit berminyak tidak perlu menggunakan pelembab. Well.. Itu salah besar!! Kulit kusam adalah salah satu akibat jika kamu mengabaikan pemakaian pelembab ini Star.

5. Serum
Gunakan serum di pagi atau malam hari dan pilih sesuai dengan keinginan kamu ya!

6. Sunscreen
Gunakan sunscreen setelah menggunakan semua skincare. Dan pilih sunscreen yang ringan dan berbentuk gel.

7. Masker
Gunakan masker 2 kali seminggu, untuk me-refresh kulit kamu sekaligus memberikan nutrisi. Pilih masker sesuai dengan kebutuhan kulitmu ya Stars.

Yeay, itu dia Stars tahapan skincare routine untuk kulit berminyakmu. Happy Trying Stars!
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
There is a rage among the youth to buy tungsten rings these days. Due to the rising price of gold and the general economic climate, many people today would settle for cheaper silver pendants and rings as opposed to gold. However, many Polish troops and servicemen escaped and were welcomed into the forces of the British with experienced Polish pilots serving with distinction in the Battle of Britain.Celtic Tungsten rings men

The revolutionary officers that eventually came to power in 1952 (led by Colonel Abdel Nasser) at the time, had plotted to support the Germans in their push for Cairo, in a naïve attempt to see a German victory as an opportunity to liberate Egypt from the British colonial occupation.

The superior features of the tungsten carbide wedding bands mean that you do not have to take them off if you engage in sports, manual labor, or other activities that could damage rings made of traditional metals, which you have to take off to prevent any damage.

Lithuania had at first been hostile toward Nazi Germany over Memmelland, in March 1939, which was seized by Hitler before the primary war broke out and integrated into East Prussia. However, men from the Troupes Spéciales du Levant, fought with the British and a few thousand troops fought with the Free French.

The Turks allowed the passage of thousands of Jewish refugees to Palestine at a time that both the Germans and British attempted to prevent this, but for very different reasons. When this dense, durable metal is combined with carbon alloy to make tungsten carbide, one has the material to make gorgeous and enduring jewelry.

A tungsten carbide ring never needs to be re-polished, even years or decades after you own it, which means you never have to spend any money on re-polishing of your ring, as is the case with precious metal rings. In 1944, Portugal declared a total embargo of tungsten to Germany.

The Allies now consisted primarily of British, American and the Free French Army and over 230,000 German and Italian troops were taken prisoners of war, including most of the experienced Afrika Korps, which was a severe blow to Germany. A tungsten wedding ring will last the rest of your life, a persistent reminder of your timeless vows.
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
Recently I wrote an article about why you should choose Tungsten rings compared to the traditional silver and gold here's reality, it's hard to compete when it talks about tradition. Drawn glass is made by extracting the molten glass vertically through rollers and can sometimes be a little harder to cut because of the stresses within the glass during it's manufacture. However, in 1941 German troops invaded the kingdom and forced the existing British garrisons to withdraw to Greece.mens wedding bands

However, it is estimated that 40-70,000 Timorese civilians were killed by the vicious murderous Japanese forces during 1942-45. The Malayan Communist Party (MCP), became the backbone of the Malayan People's Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA), which was the most effective resistance force in the occupied Asian countries.

Newfoundland was the only location in North America to be subject to direct attack by German forces in World War II when German U-boats attacked four allied ore carriers at the loading pier on Bell Island. In 1944 Finnmark was invaded by the Soviet Union, British and Swedish, while the German forces in the rest of Norway gave up on 8th May 1945.

Lithuania had at first been hostile toward Nazi Germany over Memmelland, in March 1939, which was seized by Hitler before the primary war broke out and integrated into East Prussia. However, men from the Troupes Spéciales du Levant, fought with the British and a few thousand troops fought with the Free French.

Most other styles of rings are actually a combination of metals because gold and silver on their own are not strong metals. However, when it comes to rings or wedding bands, tungsten might just be the closest any metal comes to this claim. The process of making tungsten carbide jewelry involves grinding and machining a piece of shapeless metal into a beautifully designed ring, similar to cutting and polishing a beautiful diamond.

Spain, however, did send volunteers to fight alongside Germans against the Soviet Union in the form of the División Azul. In 1940, France quickly capitulated to Nazi Germany, leading to the foundation of Vichy France where the country was divided into two parts, one controlled by the Germans and other by Nazi sympathetic Vichy French.

Gold and platinum have been the only demanding metal for the ornaments but as soon as tungsten is introduced in the market with many alloys, people have been seen interested for it. Tungsten diamond band, tungsten wedding bands, Tungsten with Ceramic Inlay Bands and tungsten carbide wedding bands are widely accepted now.

Sweden also supplied many materials for Germany, in particular, high-quality iron ore which enabled Germany to build up its army and also special high-quality ball bearings which were crucial for aero engines. After the war broke out between Germany and Poland, Polish submarine ORP Orzeł (Eagle) escaped to Tallinn which led to what became known as the Orzeł incident.
Oct 15 '19 · 0 comments
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