User blogs
Tag Search
Tags
Who died in 2016
William Christopher A look back at the esteemed personalities who left us this year, who touched us with their innovation, creativity and humanity. The Associated Press contributed to this report.
A Methodist, actor William Christopher (October 20, 1932 December 31, 2016) was best known for playing the kindly and gentle Catholic priest Father Francis Mulcahy, maneuvering amid the secular goings on of his fellow service members near the Korean War front, on the TV series After the show ended in 1983, he appeared in the spinoff series, MASH. He also played Fr. Tobias on of Our Lives in 2012.
Fellow castmember Loretta Swit called Christopher Father Mulcahy most perfect casting ever known. his wife Barbara, Christopher wrote the 1985 book Blessings, about the joys and challenges of having a child with autism, and was well known for his work with the autism community.
Debbie Reynolds Debbie Reynolds (April 1, 1932 December 28, 2016) was a show biz triple threat an actress, singer and dancer who vaulted into Hollywood fame after being picked by Gene Kelly at age 19 to star in his classic, in the Rain (pictured). She starred in dozens of films in the 1950s and including Tender Trap and and the Bachelor had her own sitcom, Debbie Reynolds Show and became a bright light on the Vegas Strip.
Her personal life also dominated headlines; her highly publicized breakup in 1958 with husband Eddie Fisher (who left her for her friend Elizabeth Taylor) was the Pitt Aniston Jolie scandal of its day. Reynolds eventually forgave Taylor and wrote in her memoir, the long run, Elizabeth did me a favor. later marriages, which both ended in divorce, left Reynolds financially ruined. She was forced to auction off her vast collection of Hollywood memorabilia, which she started amassing when the studios began dumping their costume and prop departments. And she continued acting through the 2000s, including a recurring role on and Grace and the HBO film the Candelabra.
No other Hollywood role (including in Blues Brothers, and Her Sisters or Harry Met Sally would equal the rebel leader, appearing in four of the saga episodes, most recently in 2015 Force Awakens. She became a top script doctor, and recently published her sixth book, Princess Diarist, about her years long alcoholism and drug abuse, while becoming a forceful speaker to her struggles with mental illness.
Of her Princess Leia character, her low point was in of the Jedi, when, as captive of the notorious gangster Jabba the Hutt, Fisher was required to wear a super revealing gold bikini. naked, which is not a style choice for me, she told NPR earlier this year. redeems it is I get to kill him, which was so enjoyable. Credit: Lucasfilm/20th Century Fox
George Michael Born Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou, Grammy winning singer George Michael (June 25, 1963 December 25, 2016) rose to fame as part of the duo Wham!, with such hits as Guns, Whisper, It Big, Me Up Before You Go Go and Did Your Heart Go. Michael would sell 100 million albums throughout his four decade career, including his debut solo album, and the singles Want Your Sex, to a Child, and 1987 duet with Aretha Franklin, Knew You Were Waiting, was one of many noted collaborations, including Let the Sun Go Down on Me (with Elton John), to Love (with Queen), (with Mary J. Blige), I Told You That (with Whitney Houston), and Is Not Real Love (with Mutya Buena).
A near fatal bout of pneumonia in 2011 affected Michael with accent syndrome, speaking with a West Country accent when he awoke from a coma. doctors were worried that I had this condition where some people wake up speaking French or some language they learned at school, Michael told London LBC radio. nothing wrong with a West Country accent, but it a bit weird when you from north London. Credit: JOERG KOCH/AFP/Getty Images
Vera Rubin Vera Rubin (July 23, 1928 December 25, 2016) developed her interest in astronomy as a young girl; her father helped her build a telescope and took her to meetings of amateur astronomers. She was the only astronomy major to graduate from Vassar College in 1948, only to learn when she applied to graduate school at Princeton that women were not allowed in that university graduate astronomy program. She would eventually earn her doctorate from Georgetown, on whose faculty she later worked before joining the Carnegie Institution, a nonprofit scientific research center in Washington.
During her career, Rubin examined more than 200 galaxies, and observed that galaxies don quite rotate the way they were predicted. That lent support to the theory that some other force matter was at work. It was but one of her breakthrough discoveries.
In her 1997 book, Galaxies, Dark Matters, Rubin wrote, one promised that we would live in the era that would unravel the mysteries of the cosmos. The edge of the universe is far beyond our grasp. Like Columbus, perhaps like the Vikings, we have peered into a new world and have seen that it is more mysterious and more complex than we had imagined. Still more mysteries of the universe remain hidden. Their discovery awaits the adventurous scientists of the future. I like it this way. Credit: Vassar College Library
Zsa Zsa Gabor A social butterfly before the era of social media, Hungarian born actress and socialite Zsa Zsa Gabor (February 6, 1917 December 18, 2016) was, with sisters Eva and Magda, one of a trio of Gabors who became stars after emigrating to the United States. Zsa Zsa appeared in such films as of Evil, Girl in the Kremlin, Baby! of Outer Space, and John Huston Rouge. she became even better known for glamour than for acting, and was a regular and sparkling presence on TV talk shows, bantering and joking about her lifestyle, including her nine marriages. And her celebrity led to even more film and TV appearances playing herself, including a memorable cameo in the 1991 film Naked Gun 2 1/2: The Smell of Fear, parodying her real life slap of a traffic cop.
Craig Sager Sports broadcaster Craig Sager (June 29, 1951 Dec. 15, 2016), famous for his flashy suits and probing questions, covered the Olympics, Major League Baseball playoffs, the NFL and NCAA Tournaments. But he was indelibly connected to the NBA, working basketball games for TNT for nearly a quarter century,
Sager persistence was on display early in his career in 1974, when the then 22 year old news director at WSPB (an AM radio station in Sarasota, Fla.) risked getting fired for deciding to hop a flight to Atlanta for a game with Hank Aaron a home run away from breaking Babe Ruth career record. As the historic hermes men belt replica homer sailed out of the park, Sager, without thinking, sprinted onto the field and wound up chasing Aaron down the third base line.
Sager sported suits in every color of the rainbow and beyond, from teal to fuchsia to magenta. He would match plaid blazers with paisley ties or striped shirts all in bold hues.
In a 2016 interview with HBO Sports, Sager recalled how San Antonio Spurs coach Gregg Popovich reproached him for trying to stand out. Sager explained to him: you don understand. If I not wearing bright colors and if I don feel lively, it not me. Credit: Ronald Martinez/Getty Images
Alan Thicke Canadian born actor Alan Thicke (March 1, 1947 Hermes replica belt paris Dec. 13, 2016), who starred as iconic TV dad Dr. Jason Seaver in the series Pains (1985 1992), had a prolific career, including a late night talk show, of the Night, and guest appearances on I Met Your Mother and House. always felt that you need to treat your career like a business at any given time, I would always have an idea or two to pitch, he said.
got Pains exactly like that. My talk show had just been cancelled, and I went to meet with some executives at ABC to discuss ideas. They were interested, but they had this other show where they were looking for an actor to play the husband and dad. Maybe you go in to talk about one thing, and you walk out with something else. The secret is being there and being open to opportunity. Credit: Michael Buckner, Getty Images
John Glenn On February 20, 1962, astronaut John Glenn (July 18, 1921 December 8, 2016) became the first American to orbit the Earth. A combat fighter pilot in World War II and the Korean War, Glenn was one of the seven original Mercury astronauts, and the last surviving member of the team that took America first steps off of Earth, at a time when the Soviet Union was making momentous advances into space. Senator from Ohio, Glenn was also a onetime Democratic presidential candidate, and the recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. In 1998, Glenn then 77 returned to orbit aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery, becoming the oldest person ever to fly in space.
think people need heroes, Glenn told CBS News in 2012, on the 50th anniversary of his historic flight aboard Friendship 7. don know whether I am one or not . but if we can help encourage some of the young people of today in [their] education and technical matters also, it well worth the effort. Credit: NASA
Greg Lake Guitarist and singer Greg Lake (November 10, 1947 December 7, 2016) was a co founder (with guitarist Robert Fripp) of King Crimson, the influential late progressive rock band. tour, King Crimson disbanded while appearing at San Francisco Filmore West. On the same bill was another British progressive rock band, The Nice, with keyboardist Keith Emerson. That band was also splitting up, and so was born Emerson, Lake and Palmer, one of the genre most successful groups.
very weird, but there you go strange things happen sometimes. Lake told Rolling Stone magazine in 2013. and the music business is sort of very fortuitous. It very circumstantial.
With Emerson (who died in March 2016) and drummer Carl Palmer, ELP released six platinum selling albums characterized by replica Hermes belt france songs of epic length, classical influence and ornate imagery, and toured with elaborate light shows and theatrical staging. With the rise in punk in the mid to late progressive rock bands suffered a backlash. ELP broke up in 1979, reunited in 1991, disbanded again, and then reunited for a 2010 tour.
Palmer, the group sole survivor, said soaring voice and skill as a musician will be remembered by all who knew his hermes brown belt imitation music. Lake photographed by Jean Luc Ourlin at Toronto Maple Leaf Gardens, Feb. 3, 1978.
William Christopher A look back at the esteemed personalities who left us this year, who touched us with their innovation, creativity and humanity. The Associated Press contributed to this report.
A Methodist, actor William Christopher (October 20, 1932 December 31, 2016) was best known for playing the kindly and gentle Catholic priest Father Francis Mulcahy, maneuvering amid the secular goings on of his fellow service members near the Korean War front, on the TV series After the show ended in 1983, he appeared in the spinoff series, MASH. He also played Fr. Tobias on of Our Lives in 2012.
Fellow castmember Loretta Swit called Christopher Father Mulcahy most perfect casting ever known. his wife Barbara, Christopher wrote the 1985 book Blessings, about the joys and challenges of having a child with autism, and was well known for his work with the autism community.
Debbie Reynolds Debbie Reynolds (April 1, 1932 December 28, 2016) was a show biz triple threat an actress, singer and dancer who vaulted into Hollywood fame after being picked by Gene Kelly at age 19 to star in his classic, in the Rain (pictured). She starred in dozens of films in the 1950s and including Tender Trap and and the Bachelor had her own sitcom, Debbie Reynolds Show and became a bright light on the Vegas Strip.
Her personal life also dominated headlines; her highly publicized breakup in 1958 with husband Eddie Fisher (who left her for her friend Elizabeth Taylor) was the Pitt Aniston Jolie scandal of its day. Reynolds eventually forgave Taylor and wrote in her memoir, the long run, Elizabeth did me a favor. later marriages, which both ended in divorce, left Reynolds financially ruined. She was forced to auction off her vast collection of Hollywood memorabilia, which she started amassing when the studios began dumping their costume and prop departments. And she continued acting through the 2000s, including a recurring role on and Grace and the HBO film the Candelabra.
No other Hollywood role (including in Blues Brothers, and Her Sisters or Harry Met Sally would equal the rebel leader, appearing in four of the saga episodes, most recently in 2015 Force Awakens. She became a top script doctor, and recently published her sixth book, Princess Diarist, about her years long alcoholism and drug abuse, while becoming a forceful speaker to her struggles with mental illness.
Of her Princess Leia character, her low point was in of the Jedi, when, as captive of the notorious gangster Jabba the Hutt, Fisher was required to wear a super revealing gold bikini. naked, which is not a style choice for me, she told NPR earlier this year. redeems it is I get to kill him, which was so enjoyable. Credit: Lucasfilm/20th Century Fox
George Michael Born Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou, Grammy winning singer George Michael (June 25, 1963 December 25, 2016) rose to fame as part of the duo Wham!, with such hits as Guns, Whisper, It Big, Me Up Before You Go Go and Did Your Heart Go. Michael would sell 100 million albums throughout his four decade career, including his debut solo album, and the singles Want Your Sex, to a Child, and 1987 duet with Aretha Franklin, Knew You Were Waiting, was one of many noted collaborations, including Let the Sun Go Down on Me (with Elton John), to Love (with Queen), (with Mary J. Blige), I Told You That (with Whitney Houston), and Is Not Real Love (with Mutya Buena).
A near fatal bout of pneumonia in 2011 affected Michael with accent syndrome, speaking with a West Country accent when he awoke from a coma. doctors were worried that I had this condition where some people wake up speaking French or some language they learned at school, Michael told London LBC radio. nothing wrong with a West Country accent, but it a bit weird when you from north London. Credit: JOERG KOCH/AFP/Getty Images
Vera Rubin Vera Rubin (July 23, 1928 December 25, 2016) developed her interest in astronomy as a young girl; her father helped her build a telescope and took her to meetings of amateur astronomers. She was the only astronomy major to graduate from Vassar College in 1948, only to learn when she applied to graduate school at Princeton that women were not allowed in that university graduate astronomy program. She would eventually earn her doctorate from Georgetown, on whose faculty she later worked before joining the Carnegie Institution, a nonprofit scientific research center in Washington.
During her career, Rubin examined more than 200 galaxies, and observed that galaxies don quite rotate the way they were predicted. That lent support to the theory that some other force matter was at work. It was but one of her breakthrough discoveries.
In her 1997 book, Galaxies, Dark Matters, Rubin wrote, one promised that we would live in the era that would unravel the mysteries of the cosmos. The edge of the universe is far beyond our grasp. Like Columbus, perhaps like the Vikings, we have peered into a new world and have seen that it is more mysterious and more complex than we had imagined. Still more mysteries of the universe remain hidden. Their discovery awaits the adventurous scientists of the future. I like it this way. Credit: Vassar College Library
Zsa Zsa Gabor A social butterfly before the era of social media, Hungarian born actress and socialite Zsa Zsa Gabor (February 6, 1917 December 18, 2016) was, with sisters Eva and Magda, one of a trio of Gabors who became stars after emigrating to the United States. Zsa Zsa appeared in such films as of Evil, Girl in the Kremlin, Baby! of Outer Space, and John Huston Rouge. she became even better known for glamour than for acting, and was a regular and sparkling presence on TV talk shows, bantering and joking about her lifestyle, including her nine marriages. And her celebrity led to even more film and TV appearances playing herself, including a memorable cameo in the 1991 film Naked Gun 2 1/2: The Smell of Fear, parodying her real life slap of a traffic cop.
Craig Sager Sports broadcaster Craig Sager (June 29, 1951 Dec. 15, 2016), famous for his flashy suits and probing questions, covered the Olympics, Major League Baseball playoffs, the NFL and NCAA Tournaments. But he was indelibly connected to the NBA, working basketball games for TNT for nearly a quarter century,
Sager persistence was on display early in his career in 1974, when the then 22 year old news director at WSPB (an AM radio station in Sarasota, Fla.) risked getting fired for deciding to hop a flight to Atlanta for a game with Hank Aaron a home run away from breaking Babe Ruth career record. As the historic hermes men belt replica homer sailed out of the park, Sager, without thinking, sprinted onto the field and wound up chasing Aaron down the third base line.
Sager sported suits in every color of the rainbow and beyond, from teal to fuchsia to magenta. He would match plaid blazers with paisley ties or striped shirts all in bold hues.
In a 2016 interview with HBO Sports, Sager recalled how San Antonio Spurs coach Gregg Popovich reproached him for trying to stand out. Sager explained to him: you don understand. If I not wearing bright colors and if I don feel lively, it not me. Credit: Ronald Martinez/Getty Images
Alan Thicke Canadian born actor Alan Thicke (March 1, 1947 Hermes replica belt paris Dec. 13, 2016), who starred as iconic TV dad Dr. Jason Seaver in the series Pains (1985 1992), had a prolific career, including a late night talk show, of the Night, and guest appearances on I Met Your Mother and House. always felt that you need to treat your career like a business at any given time, I would always have an idea or two to pitch, he said.
got Pains exactly like that. My talk show had just been cancelled, and I went to meet with some executives at ABC to discuss ideas. They were interested, but they had this other show where they were looking for an actor to play the husband and dad. Maybe you go in to talk about one thing, and you walk out with something else. The secret is being there and being open to opportunity. Credit: Michael Buckner, Getty Images
John Glenn On February 20, 1962, astronaut John Glenn (July 18, 1921 December 8, 2016) became the first American to orbit the Earth. A combat fighter pilot in World War II and the Korean War, Glenn was one of the seven original Mercury astronauts, and the last surviving member of the team that took America first steps off of Earth, at a time when the Soviet Union was making momentous advances into space. Senator from Ohio, Glenn was also a onetime Democratic presidential candidate, and the recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. In 1998, Glenn then 77 returned to orbit aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery, becoming the oldest person ever to fly in space.
think people need heroes, Glenn told CBS News in 2012, on the 50th anniversary of his historic flight aboard Friendship 7. don know whether I am one or not . but if we can help encourage some of the young people of today in [their] education and technical matters also, it well worth the effort. Credit: NASA
Greg Lake Guitarist and singer Greg Lake (November 10, 1947 December 7, 2016) was a co founder (with guitarist Robert Fripp) of King Crimson, the influential late progressive rock band. tour, King Crimson disbanded while appearing at San Francisco Filmore West. On the same bill was another British progressive rock band, The Nice, with keyboardist Keith Emerson. That band was also splitting up, and so was born Emerson, Lake and Palmer, one of the genre most successful groups.
very weird, but there you go strange things happen sometimes. Lake told Rolling Stone magazine in 2013. and the music business is sort of very fortuitous. It very circumstantial.
With Emerson (who died in March 2016) and drummer Carl Palmer, ELP released six platinum selling albums characterized by replica Hermes belt france songs of epic length, classical influence and ornate imagery, and toured with elaborate light shows and theatrical staging. With the rise in punk in the mid to late progressive rock bands suffered a backlash. ELP broke up in 1979, reunited in 1991, disbanded again, and then reunited for a 2010 tour.
Palmer, the group sole survivor, said soaring voice and skill as a musician will be remembered by all who knew his hermes brown belt imitation music. Lake photographed by Jean Luc Ourlin at Toronto Maple Leaf Gardens, Feb. 3, 1978.
- young girls no doubt Choices Hermes brown replica Birkin handbag show yourself
- girl should Select Hermes genuine leather replica Kelly bags full of charm
- daughter behoove opt Hermes wine red dupe Birkin bags full of temperament
- The women should Choices Hermes light blue cheap Birkin handbags show self
- Fashionable brown knockoff Hermes Kelly bag dynamic reading
Sly Stone Admits To Cocaine Use
The latest development in sad Sly Stone news shows the soul icon looking weakened, lying in his camper and discussing his drug addiction in an interview with Splash. The New York Post broke the news last weekend that Stone, who once lived in a mansion, is now homeless and parked in a camper in Los Angeles. Stone's camper van lifestyle was first alluded to in a 2010 documentary on the legend, "Coming Back for More."
"Are you clean?" Splash's reporter asks.
"I'll tell you what, not like that kind of clean, but I sleep at nights, and the rest of the time I fake Van Cleef & Arpels Clover necklace black do my music," a hoarse Stone responded. He goes on to reveal his cocaine addiction, noting that he did the drug as recently as a "week and a half ago."
In April of this year, Stone was arrested for cocaine possession, a charge he pleaded not guilty to. It's not clear when Stone's drug addiction began this time around (he was also convicted in 1987 on cocaine possession charges), but he does express a desire to get better in the interview.
"I'll tell you what I got a rehab [inaudible] chosen," Stone says. He plans on copy van cleef necklace parking his van outside the rehab and setting up a studio inside the van, so he can get clean and create music at fake Van Cleef & Arpels Clover Necklace the same time. He may still drink beer, though.
The latest development in sad Sly Stone news shows the soul icon looking weakened, lying in his camper and discussing his drug addiction in an interview with Splash. The New York Post broke the news last weekend that Stone, who once lived in a mansion, is now homeless and parked in a camper in Los Angeles. Stone's camper van lifestyle was first alluded to in a 2010 documentary on the legend, "Coming Back for More."
"Are you clean?" Splash's reporter asks.
"I'll tell you what, not like that kind of clean, but I sleep at nights, and the rest of the time I fake Van Cleef & Arpels Clover necklace black do my music," a hoarse Stone responded. He goes on to reveal his cocaine addiction, noting that he did the drug as recently as a "week and a half ago."
In April of this year, Stone was arrested for cocaine possession, a charge he pleaded not guilty to. It's not clear when Stone's drug addiction began this time around (he was also convicted in 1987 on cocaine possession charges), but he does express a desire to get better in the interview.
"I'll tell you what I got a rehab [inaudible] chosen," Stone says. He plans on copy van cleef necklace parking his van outside the rehab and setting up a studio inside the van, so he can get clean and create music at fake Van Cleef & Arpels Clover Necklace the same time. He may still drink beer, though.
- Put on van cleef arpels bracelets clover lover fake Let you marriage more bliss
- decorate van cleef bracelet fortunate man fake Let you espousal a fortiori bliss
- popular imitation VCA rose gold jewelry price?
- ornament van and arpels ring clover lover fake give ground wedding all happiness
- wear van and arpels bracelet clover lover copy Make marriage
Jordans 2017 athletes Mike Conley and Kemba Walker matched their team's new Statement uniforms with equally statement-making colorways of the Air Jordan 32. For Conley, a bright yellow Grizzlies-themed pairs, while Walker rocked a PE in Hornets teal and purple. A white-based Hornets colorway for Marcus Paige was also spotted earlier this month. Michael Jordan grew up in North Carolina making a name for himself at Laney High School and later at the University of North Carolina. After moving onto the NBA, Michael always showed his love for the state that raised him with everything from appearances in UNC Alumni games to UNC colorways of his signature shoes.
New Jordans 2016, Paired up with his new Jordan Brand x Charlotte Hornets "Statement" uniform, Kemba's Air Jordan 32 PE featured a teal Flyknit upper with touches of black on the laces, heel grooves, Jumpman on the midsole, and Wings logo on the tongue. Finishing off the Hornets vibes is a purple rubber outsole. While the team technically doesn't wear Nike — it's the only squad in the Association that rocks Jordan Brand thanks to the whole "they're owned by Michael Jordan" thing — the Hornets' classic uniforms are absolutely gorgeous and are a call back to when the team would wear all teal.
During last night's unveiling of the Nike NBA Statement uniforms, Cheap Jordans 2017 athletes Mike Conley and Kemba Walker were spotted in Air Jordan 32 PE team colorways. Not only did Mike Conley turn a few heads as night with his Air Jordan 32 Grizzlies PE, but fellow Jordan Brand athlete Kemba Walker also laced up a PE colorway of the Jordan 32. Conley's Air Jordan 32 features Yellow across the uppers while Light Blue accents are seen on the Jumpman logo and other small accents to represent the Memphis Grizzlies. Walker’s pair features Teal and Purple which represents the Hornets. Marcus Paige was also spotted in an exclusive Air Jordan 32 Charlotte Hornets PE which comes in White.
New Jordans 2016, Paired up with his new Jordan Brand x Charlotte Hornets "Statement" uniform, Kemba's Air Jordan 32 PE featured a teal Flyknit upper with touches of black on the laces, heel grooves, Jumpman on the midsole, and Wings logo on the tongue. Finishing off the Hornets vibes is a purple rubber outsole. While the team technically doesn't wear Nike — it's the only squad in the Association that rocks Jordan Brand thanks to the whole "they're owned by Michael Jordan" thing — the Hornets' classic uniforms are absolutely gorgeous and are a call back to when the team would wear all teal.
During last night's unveiling of the Nike NBA Statement uniforms, Cheap Jordans 2017 athletes Mike Conley and Kemba Walker were spotted in Air Jordan 32 PE team colorways. Not only did Mike Conley turn a few heads as night with his Air Jordan 32 Grizzlies PE, but fellow Jordan Brand athlete Kemba Walker also laced up a PE colorway of the Jordan 32. Conley's Air Jordan 32 features Yellow across the uppers while Light Blue accents are seen on the Jumpman logo and other small accents to represent the Memphis Grizzlies. Walker’s pair features Teal and Purple which represents the Hornets. Marcus Paige was also spotted in an exclusive Air Jordan 32 Charlotte Hornets PE which comes in White.
Slave Girl In Illinois
Girl with the HollyhocksIn many parts of the country there are local figures known through the lore of the area, but perhaps not so well known otherwise.
One such fascinating piece of local history relates to an Illinois Plains hamlet called Mulkeytown. This frontier village became the permanent residence of a girl born into slavery, forced to march The Trail of Tears, and then freed thanks to the intervention of a wealthy Southern Illinois farmer.
Slave GirlSlavery in the United States was not only the concern of its white residents. Native Americans held slaves as well, when their finances and living conditions allowed for it. Although historically Native Americans used captured enemies as slaves, they also occasionally kidnapped settlement children (raising them as their own), or purchased Africans outright as slaves. Into this world, in about 1824, a girl was born in the extreme western part of North Carolina where it meets Georgia and Tennessee. She was named Priscilla. Almost all historians note she was classified as a In the slave trade, blacks were categorized by how much African ancestry was van cleef and arpels clover necklace part of their genetics. Genetic descriptors like that were based upon the race of each contributing parent, and changed by factors copy Van Cleef & Arpels clover necklace of two with each generation. Thus, a person with a black father or mother but a second parent of a different race (a black person) was classified as a A one fourth black person was called a the product of a with another non black person. A further grade of (one eighth black) was imitation van cleef arpels clover necklace recognized as well. [As recently as the 1970s in Louisiana if one had as little as one sixteenth African blood in one current one was classified as by the state. It is certain the African part of her genetics came from her mother.
Almost all plantation owners spent time in the slave quarters, raping the female slaves. is the correct term for such activities. No slave woman could ever freely engage in any intercourse with her owner and the act not be termed as rape. These women had no power massa could have her beaten, maimed, separated from her children or husband (if she had one did), or even put to death.
Massa did not always have to use physical force, either implied imperiousness was threat enough for these women. Her inability to avoid any coercion qualifies these acts as rape. The same is true of Thomas Jefferson and his relationship to his female slave Sally Hemings. Although Jefferson genuinely cared for her, Sally powerlessness in the relationship meant any act of intercourse between her and Jefferson was rape, even if she willingly submitted. As a result of their more visits to the slave quarters, children were born to the slave women and white owners. Most owners, though not all, brought their half breed children into the Big House to work as house slaves. It is appalling to consider having one own child indentured in such a way, but that was the practice.
Priscilla lineage has also been described as three quarters Cherokee, though, and this is where her origins are murky. This implies she was descended from a Cherokee father and a mulatto (half black, half Cherokee mother). This means Priscilla mother was the product of a Cherokee male and an African female. It is a tantalizing look into societal dynamics to think of this, but it cannot be confirmed at this late date.
Priscilla quadroon status, however, meant in the world of slavery she was a higher priced commodity. The lighter skinned blacks were more desired to serve in Massa home and to tend his children. Some quadroons and almost all octoroons were termed sometimes as yella (meaning their skin tone was shaded toward a more pale tan color). Many of these for white later.
Priscilla was a just a slave girl, though, born into bondage with no status. Her early life is undocumented. She was certainly born into slavery, but it is believed she was sold, along with her mother, to another owner in about 1828 (when she was 4). She lived in the area known as the Cherokee Nation, a sovereign land (which they called New Echota) set up and initially recognized by the United States government as a homeland for the Cherokee people. This land covered the northwestern section of Georgia and sprawled into North Carolina and parts of Alabama.
The Gentleman Farmer from Illinois
While Priscilla was living her early childhood in slavery in North Carolina, a man named Barzilla Silkwood (born September 9, 1801) lived at the other end of the social strata in America. Barzilla was a very wealthy gentleman farmer in Southern Illinois.
He was married to a woman named Mariah (born July 23, 1798; died December 27, 1874). The Silkwoods had no children of their own, although Barzilla had nieces and nephews. [One nephew was also named Given the unusual name, it is probable he was named in honor of the elder Barzilla as a means of ingratiating his family into Silkwood good financial graces.] The childless Silkwoods fostered and adopted sixteen orphans over the years.
The main trail westward to St. Louis from Shawneetown, Illinois (on the Ohio River), ran right past the Silkwood property. This was a well traveled route known originally as the Shawneetown Kaskaskia Trail. [Kaskaskia, Illinois, was wiped off the map many years later when a major Mississippi River flood caused the river to permanently change course.]Credit: public domainBarzilla Silkwood built a very lucrative inn on the route in 1825 (originally a log cabin, then expanded in 1828 to grander proportions). It was first called Halfway House (because it was halfway between Shawneetown and St. Louis). Later, it became known as The Silkwood Inn. The inn had lodging accommodations for stagecoach and foot travelers, and was a popular place to stay on the Kaskaskia Trail.
Chief MassaBarzilla Silkwood business interests took him many places, and in 1837 he was traveling in the southeastern US. He stopped at a plantation in North Carolina near the Great Smokey Mountains. His stay was not brief; while there he met and became friendly with most of the plantation slaves. In particular he became enchanted by a pretty little quadroon girl who worked in the Big House named Priscilla. She was about 12 or 13 years old at the time, and Barzilla was completely taken by her.
He spent much leisure in watching the slave children play and gambol about. He was impressed by Priscilla (though it is almost certain her outward cheer was a put on for visitors). She became friendly with Barzilla, however, calling him Silkwood.
Silkwood left for his Illinois home with the memory of this delightful slave girl tucked securely away. Soon after he departed, the owner of Priscilla plantation died, and his slaves and properties were sold off at public auction. An Indian chief Rev. Jesse Bushyhead (1804 1844) of the Cherokee Nation lands in Georgia Priscilla.
This chief motivation for purchasing her can never be known. She has been described as pretty; in consideration of her maturation, he may have wanted her for a concubine. Or, he may merely have wanted her as a servant. Regardless, she was forced away from North Carolina to the Cherokee lands in Georgia as the slave of a Cherokee chief.
A poignant element of Priscilla story occurred just before she left her old plantation. She gathered up some hollyhock seeds to take along as a remembrance of her place of birth and early childhood. Settled into her new Georgia life, she planted these, and they took root.
Trail MarchPriscilla did not live in peace long in her new Cherokee sovereign homeland.
Gold had been discovered on the lands, and the state of Georgia had agitated to force the Cherokees out of the area. President Andrew Jackson finally signed the Indian Removal Act that would displace the Natives from Georgia. It was President Martin Van Buren, however, who marshaled US Army troops (over 7,000 of them) to force the 15,000 Cherokee Nation residents off their property in 1838.
In routing the Indians the US troops burned many of their homes and simply confiscated their possessions. The soldiers refused to wait for better weather before leaving Tennessee, and ended up marching the Indians through bitter cold starting in late 1838.
Although many died on the trail from exposure, the greater number of them had died before much distance had been traveled at all. The Cherokee Nation refugees had been given thin blankets to carry that had been used in a Tennessee small pox hospital. The pox burned through the group as they set out, and their contagious status meant no town or village along their travel route would allow them in. They had to walk many extra miles to go around settled areas.
Abuses were heaped upon them almost everywhere. When attempting to cross the Ohio River into Southern Illinois, the opportunistic ferry operator charged the Indians almost nine times the regular rate (a dollar, equal to about $22 today). Also, this operator only carried the Cherokee refugees after all other paying white passengers were processed. Some of the Natives, waiting on the Kentucky side for days, were murdered by locals.
Once into Illinois, they began moving westward.
When Worlds CollideWhen Priscilla new Cherokee owner was forced to start The Long Walk, she gathered up some of her hollyhock seeds and took them along.
The Cherokee Nation ambled through Southern Illinois during one of its coldest winters on record. Most were on foot, with threadbare clothing, in moccasins or shoeless. As the Cherokees were not welcome to camp in any town because of the small pox contagion, they passed through on their way to settle in a place of rest outside the Southern Illinois town of Jonesboro. This site is only a few miles east of the Mississippi River. They made camp along a creek in mid December 1838.
Barzilla Silkwood was in Jonesboro, Illinois (about 45 miles SSW of The Silkwood Inn), on or around December 15, 1838. His lodgings were at the town Willard Hotel, and one morning he stood outside the hotel as the Cherokee refugees passed through town on their way to make camp.
He spotted a girl about 13 or 14 years old pass by in the group. She looked familiar to him, andshe turned and seemed to recognize him as well. Somewhat further up the street she suddenly broke from the pack and ran back to the hotel where Silkwood stood. She asked if he was Silkwood; at that moment he recognized her as the slave girl he met the previous year in North Carolina.
Girl with the HollyhocksIn many parts of the country there are local figures known through the lore of the area, but perhaps not so well known otherwise.
One such fascinating piece of local history relates to an Illinois Plains hamlet called Mulkeytown. This frontier village became the permanent residence of a girl born into slavery, forced to march The Trail of Tears, and then freed thanks to the intervention of a wealthy Southern Illinois farmer.
Slave GirlSlavery in the United States was not only the concern of its white residents. Native Americans held slaves as well, when their finances and living conditions allowed for it. Although historically Native Americans used captured enemies as slaves, they also occasionally kidnapped settlement children (raising them as their own), or purchased Africans outright as slaves. Into this world, in about 1824, a girl was born in the extreme western part of North Carolina where it meets Georgia and Tennessee. She was named Priscilla. Almost all historians note she was classified as a In the slave trade, blacks were categorized by how much African ancestry was van cleef and arpels clover necklace part of their genetics. Genetic descriptors like that were based upon the race of each contributing parent, and changed by factors copy Van Cleef & Arpels clover necklace of two with each generation. Thus, a person with a black father or mother but a second parent of a different race (a black person) was classified as a A one fourth black person was called a the product of a with another non black person. A further grade of (one eighth black) was imitation van cleef arpels clover necklace recognized as well. [As recently as the 1970s in Louisiana if one had as little as one sixteenth African blood in one current one was classified as by the state. It is certain the African part of her genetics came from her mother.
Almost all plantation owners spent time in the slave quarters, raping the female slaves. is the correct term for such activities. No slave woman could ever freely engage in any intercourse with her owner and the act not be termed as rape. These women had no power massa could have her beaten, maimed, separated from her children or husband (if she had one did), or even put to death.
Massa did not always have to use physical force, either implied imperiousness was threat enough for these women. Her inability to avoid any coercion qualifies these acts as rape. The same is true of Thomas Jefferson and his relationship to his female slave Sally Hemings. Although Jefferson genuinely cared for her, Sally powerlessness in the relationship meant any act of intercourse between her and Jefferson was rape, even if she willingly submitted. As a result of their more visits to the slave quarters, children were born to the slave women and white owners. Most owners, though not all, brought their half breed children into the Big House to work as house slaves. It is appalling to consider having one own child indentured in such a way, but that was the practice.
Priscilla lineage has also been described as three quarters Cherokee, though, and this is where her origins are murky. This implies she was descended from a Cherokee father and a mulatto (half black, half Cherokee mother). This means Priscilla mother was the product of a Cherokee male and an African female. It is a tantalizing look into societal dynamics to think of this, but it cannot be confirmed at this late date.
Priscilla quadroon status, however, meant in the world of slavery she was a higher priced commodity. The lighter skinned blacks were more desired to serve in Massa home and to tend his children. Some quadroons and almost all octoroons were termed sometimes as yella (meaning their skin tone was shaded toward a more pale tan color). Many of these for white later.
Priscilla was a just a slave girl, though, born into bondage with no status. Her early life is undocumented. She was certainly born into slavery, but it is believed she was sold, along with her mother, to another owner in about 1828 (when she was 4). She lived in the area known as the Cherokee Nation, a sovereign land (which they called New Echota) set up and initially recognized by the United States government as a homeland for the Cherokee people. This land covered the northwestern section of Georgia and sprawled into North Carolina and parts of Alabama.
The Gentleman Farmer from Illinois
While Priscilla was living her early childhood in slavery in North Carolina, a man named Barzilla Silkwood (born September 9, 1801) lived at the other end of the social strata in America. Barzilla was a very wealthy gentleman farmer in Southern Illinois.
He was married to a woman named Mariah (born July 23, 1798; died December 27, 1874). The Silkwoods had no children of their own, although Barzilla had nieces and nephews. [One nephew was also named Given the unusual name, it is probable he was named in honor of the elder Barzilla as a means of ingratiating his family into Silkwood good financial graces.] The childless Silkwoods fostered and adopted sixteen orphans over the years.
The main trail westward to St. Louis from Shawneetown, Illinois (on the Ohio River), ran right past the Silkwood property. This was a well traveled route known originally as the Shawneetown Kaskaskia Trail. [Kaskaskia, Illinois, was wiped off the map many years later when a major Mississippi River flood caused the river to permanently change course.]Credit: public domainBarzilla Silkwood built a very lucrative inn on the route in 1825 (originally a log cabin, then expanded in 1828 to grander proportions). It was first called Halfway House (because it was halfway between Shawneetown and St. Louis). Later, it became known as The Silkwood Inn. The inn had lodging accommodations for stagecoach and foot travelers, and was a popular place to stay on the Kaskaskia Trail.
Chief MassaBarzilla Silkwood business interests took him many places, and in 1837 he was traveling in the southeastern US. He stopped at a plantation in North Carolina near the Great Smokey Mountains. His stay was not brief; while there he met and became friendly with most of the plantation slaves. In particular he became enchanted by a pretty little quadroon girl who worked in the Big House named Priscilla. She was about 12 or 13 years old at the time, and Barzilla was completely taken by her.
He spent much leisure in watching the slave children play and gambol about. He was impressed by Priscilla (though it is almost certain her outward cheer was a put on for visitors). She became friendly with Barzilla, however, calling him Silkwood.
Silkwood left for his Illinois home with the memory of this delightful slave girl tucked securely away. Soon after he departed, the owner of Priscilla plantation died, and his slaves and properties were sold off at public auction. An Indian chief Rev. Jesse Bushyhead (1804 1844) of the Cherokee Nation lands in Georgia Priscilla.
This chief motivation for purchasing her can never be known. She has been described as pretty; in consideration of her maturation, he may have wanted her for a concubine. Or, he may merely have wanted her as a servant. Regardless, she was forced away from North Carolina to the Cherokee lands in Georgia as the slave of a Cherokee chief.
A poignant element of Priscilla story occurred just before she left her old plantation. She gathered up some hollyhock seeds to take along as a remembrance of her place of birth and early childhood. Settled into her new Georgia life, she planted these, and they took root.
Trail MarchPriscilla did not live in peace long in her new Cherokee sovereign homeland.
Gold had been discovered on the lands, and the state of Georgia had agitated to force the Cherokees out of the area. President Andrew Jackson finally signed the Indian Removal Act that would displace the Natives from Georgia. It was President Martin Van Buren, however, who marshaled US Army troops (over 7,000 of them) to force the 15,000 Cherokee Nation residents off their property in 1838.
In routing the Indians the US troops burned many of their homes and simply confiscated their possessions. The soldiers refused to wait for better weather before leaving Tennessee, and ended up marching the Indians through bitter cold starting in late 1838.
Although many died on the trail from exposure, the greater number of them had died before much distance had been traveled at all. The Cherokee Nation refugees had been given thin blankets to carry that had been used in a Tennessee small pox hospital. The pox burned through the group as they set out, and their contagious status meant no town or village along their travel route would allow them in. They had to walk many extra miles to go around settled areas.
Abuses were heaped upon them almost everywhere. When attempting to cross the Ohio River into Southern Illinois, the opportunistic ferry operator charged the Indians almost nine times the regular rate (a dollar, equal to about $22 today). Also, this operator only carried the Cherokee refugees after all other paying white passengers were processed. Some of the Natives, waiting on the Kentucky side for days, were murdered by locals.
Once into Illinois, they began moving westward.
When Worlds CollideWhen Priscilla new Cherokee owner was forced to start The Long Walk, she gathered up some of her hollyhock seeds and took them along.
The Cherokee Nation ambled through Southern Illinois during one of its coldest winters on record. Most were on foot, with threadbare clothing, in moccasins or shoeless. As the Cherokees were not welcome to camp in any town because of the small pox contagion, they passed through on their way to settle in a place of rest outside the Southern Illinois town of Jonesboro. This site is only a few miles east of the Mississippi River. They made camp along a creek in mid December 1838.
Barzilla Silkwood was in Jonesboro, Illinois (about 45 miles SSW of The Silkwood Inn), on or around December 15, 1838. His lodgings were at the town Willard Hotel, and one morning he stood outside the hotel as the Cherokee refugees passed through town on their way to make camp.
He spotted a girl about 13 or 14 years old pass by in the group. She looked familiar to him, andshe turned and seemed to recognize him as well. Somewhat further up the street she suddenly broke from the pack and ran back to the hotel where Silkwood stood. She asked if he was Silkwood; at that moment he recognized her as the slave girl he met the previous year in North Carolina.
- wearing van cleef arpels rings lucky women knockoff Let you matrimonial a fortiori bliss
- classic copy van cleef & arpels yellow gold jewelr
- decorate van cleef and arpels bracelet lucky lover
- ornament van cleef and arpels earrings clover mens
- wear van and arpels ring alhambra lover fake make you the wedding still glorious
When did the middle finger become offensive
extended her middle finger during Sunday night's Super Bowl halftime show. What does the gesture mean, and when did it become offensive?
A public intellectual, expressing his contempt for a gas bag politician, reaches for a familiar gesture. He extends his middle finger and declares: "This is the great demagogue."
The episode occurred not on a chat show nor in the salons of New York or London, but in 4th imitiaton hermes bags Century BC Athens, when the philosopher Diogenes told a group of visitors exactly what he thought about the orator Demosthenes, according to a later Greek historian.
The middle finger, extended with the other fingers held beneath the thumb, is thus documented to have expressed insult and belittlement for more replica hermes handbags outlet than two millennia.
'Phallic gesture'Ancient Greek philosophers, Latin poets hoping to sell copies of their works, soldiers, athletes and pop stars, schoolchildren, peevish policemen and skittish network executives have all been aware of the gesture's particular power to insult and inflame.
"It's one of the most ancient insult gestures known," says anthropologist Desmond Morris.
"The middle finger is the penis and the curled fingers on either side are the testicles. By doing it, you are offering someone a phallic gesture. extended the finger Different hermes bag fake during a performance of Madonna's Give Me All Your Luvin'.
The NFL and NBC television, which broadcast the game and the half time show, apologised.
"The obscene gesture in the performance was completely inappropriate," said Brian McCarthy, a spokesman for the NFL.
The gesture is widely known to Americans as flipping the bird, or just giving someone the finger.
The Romans had their own name for it: digitus impudicus the shameless, indecent or offensive finger.
In the Epigrammata of First Century AD by the Latin poet Martial, a character who has always enjoyed good health extends a finger, "the indecent one", at three doctors.
Monkeys' obscene gestureThe Roman historian Tacitus wrote that German tribesmen gave the middle finger to advancing Roman soldiers, says Thomas Conley, a professor emeritus of communication and classics at the University of Illinois, who has written about the rhetoric of insults.
Earlier, the Greeks used the middle finger as an explicit reference to the male genitalia.
In 419BC, the playwright Aristophanes puns in his comedy The Clouds about dactylic (finger) rhythm, with a character gesturing first with his middle finger and subsequently with his crotch.
The gesture's origins may extend even further back: male squirrel monkeys of South America are known to gesture with the erect penis, says Dr Morris.
The middle finger, which Dr Morris says probably arrived in the US with Italian immigrants, is documented in the US as early as 1886, when a pitcher for the Boston Beaneaters gave it in classic hermes bags fake a joint team photograph with the rival New York Giants.
Expression of 'displeasure'The French have their own phallic salute, says Dr Morris.
In performing the "bras d'honneur" (arm of honour), one raises the forearm with the back of the hand facing outward, while slapping or gripping the inside of the elbow with the other hand.
The British gesture the two fingered "v" with the palm facing inward is a "double phallus", Dr Morris quips.
Although scholars and historians continue to debate its origins, according to legend it was first displayed at the battle of Agincourt in 1415, although this is widely regarded as mythology.
The story goes that English soldiers waved their fingers at French soldiers who had threatened to cut off captured archers' first two fingers to prevent them shooting arrows. The English were thus boasting they were still capable of doing so.
The middle finger's offensive meaning seems to have overtaken cultural, linguistic and national boundaries and can now be seen at protests, on football pitches, and at rock concerts across the world.
In December, Liverpool striker Luis Suarez was photographed giving an American style middle finger to Fulham fans after his club's 1 0 loss there.
The FA cited him for improper conduct and suspended him for one game.
Protest, rage, excitementIn 2004, a Canadian MP from Calgary was accused of pointing his middle finger at a member from another party who he said had been heckling him in the House of Commons.
"I expressed my displeasure to him, let's put it this way," Deepak Obhrai told a Canadian newspaper.
Two years earlier, pop star Britney Spears gave the finger to a group of photographers in Mexico who she complained had been chasing her. Some of her fans thought the gesture was aimed at them, and Spears later apologised.
extended her middle finger during Sunday night's Super Bowl halftime show. What does the gesture mean, and when did it become offensive?
A public intellectual, expressing his contempt for a gas bag politician, reaches for a familiar gesture. He extends his middle finger and declares: "This is the great demagogue."
The episode occurred not on a chat show nor in the salons of New York or London, but in 4th imitiaton hermes bags Century BC Athens, when the philosopher Diogenes told a group of visitors exactly what he thought about the orator Demosthenes, according to a later Greek historian.
The middle finger, extended with the other fingers held beneath the thumb, is thus documented to have expressed insult and belittlement for more replica hermes handbags outlet than two millennia.
'Phallic gesture'Ancient Greek philosophers, Latin poets hoping to sell copies of their works, soldiers, athletes and pop stars, schoolchildren, peevish policemen and skittish network executives have all been aware of the gesture's particular power to insult and inflame.
"It's one of the most ancient insult gestures known," says anthropologist Desmond Morris.
"The middle finger is the penis and the curled fingers on either side are the testicles. By doing it, you are offering someone a phallic gesture. extended the finger Different hermes bag fake during a performance of Madonna's Give Me All Your Luvin'.
The NFL and NBC television, which broadcast the game and the half time show, apologised.
"The obscene gesture in the performance was completely inappropriate," said Brian McCarthy, a spokesman for the NFL.
The gesture is widely known to Americans as flipping the bird, or just giving someone the finger.
The Romans had their own name for it: digitus impudicus the shameless, indecent or offensive finger.
In the Epigrammata of First Century AD by the Latin poet Martial, a character who has always enjoyed good health extends a finger, "the indecent one", at three doctors.
Monkeys' obscene gestureThe Roman historian Tacitus wrote that German tribesmen gave the middle finger to advancing Roman soldiers, says Thomas Conley, a professor emeritus of communication and classics at the University of Illinois, who has written about the rhetoric of insults.
Earlier, the Greeks used the middle finger as an explicit reference to the male genitalia.
In 419BC, the playwright Aristophanes puns in his comedy The Clouds about dactylic (finger) rhythm, with a character gesturing first with his middle finger and subsequently with his crotch.
The gesture's origins may extend even further back: male squirrel monkeys of South America are known to gesture with the erect penis, says Dr Morris.
The middle finger, which Dr Morris says probably arrived in the US with Italian immigrants, is documented in the US as early as 1886, when a pitcher for the Boston Beaneaters gave it in classic hermes bags fake a joint team photograph with the rival New York Giants.
Expression of 'displeasure'The French have their own phallic salute, says Dr Morris.
In performing the "bras d'honneur" (arm of honour), one raises the forearm with the back of the hand facing outward, while slapping or gripping the inside of the elbow with the other hand.
The British gesture the two fingered "v" with the palm facing inward is a "double phallus", Dr Morris quips.
Although scholars and historians continue to debate its origins, according to legend it was first displayed at the battle of Agincourt in 1415, although this is widely regarded as mythology.
The story goes that English soldiers waved their fingers at French soldiers who had threatened to cut off captured archers' first two fingers to prevent them shooting arrows. The English were thus boasting they were still capable of doing so.
The middle finger's offensive meaning seems to have overtaken cultural, linguistic and national boundaries and can now be seen at protests, on football pitches, and at rock concerts across the world.
In December, Liverpool striker Luis Suarez was photographed giving an American style middle finger to Fulham fans after his club's 1 0 loss there.
The FA cited him for improper conduct and suspended him for one game.
Protest, rage, excitementIn 2004, a Canadian MP from Calgary was accused of pointing his middle finger at a member from another party who he said had been heckling him in the House of Commons.
"I expressed my displeasure to him, let's put it this way," Deepak Obhrai told a Canadian newspaper.
Two years earlier, pop star Britney Spears gave the finger to a group of photographers in Mexico who she complained had been chasing her. Some of her fans thought the gesture was aimed at them, and Spears later apologised.
- women ought to choose Hermes red copy Birkin handbags Issued
- young girls no doubt Preferred Hermes red replica belt distr
- classical yellow copy Hermes bracelet Reported To
- young girls ought to opt Hermes brown dupe handbag Issued ch
- classical orange fake Hermes gold bracelet Reported Take a look at it
Will the election be hacked
A few weeks after Election Night 2002, Roxanne Jekot, a computer programmer who lives in a northeastern suburb of Atlanta, Ga., began fearing demons lingering in the state voting machines. The midterm election had been a historic one: Georgia became the first state to use electronic touch screen voting machines in every one of its precincts. The 51 year old Jekot, who has a grandmotherly bearing but describes herself as a computer geek, was initially excited about the new system.
thought it was the coolest thing we could have done, she says.
But the election also brought sweeping victories for Republicans, including, most stunningly, one for Sonny Perdue, who defeated Roy Barnes, the incumbent Democrat, to become Georgia first Republican governor in 135 years, while Rep. Saxby Chambliss upset Vietnam veteran Sen. Max Cleland. The convergence of these two developments the introduction of new voting machines and the surprising GOP wins began to eat away at Roxanne Jekot. Like many of her fellow angry Democrats on the Internet discussion forums she frequented, she had a hard time believing the Republicans won legitimately. Instead, Jekot began searching for her explanation in the source code used in the new voting machines.
What she found alarmed her. The machines were state of the art products from an Ohio company called Diebold. But the code which a friend of Jekot had found on the Internet was anything but flawless, Jekot says. It was amateurish and pocked with security problems. expected sophistication and some fairly difficult to understand advanced coding, Jekot said one evening this fall at a restaurant near her home. But she saw hodgepodge of commands thrown all over the source code, an indication, she said, that the programmers were careless. Along with technical commands, Diebold engineers had written English comments documenting the various functions their software performed and these comments my hair stand on end, Jekot said. The programmers would say things like doesn work because that doesn work and neither one of them work together. They seemed to know that their software was flawed.
To Jekot, there appeared to be method in the incompetence. Professional programmers could not be so sloppy; it had to be deliberate. specifically opened doors that need not be opened, Jekot said, suggesting the possibility that Diebold wanted to leave its voting machines open to fraud. And, ominously, the electronic voting systems used in Georgia, like most of the new machines installed in the United States since the 2000 election, do not produce a trail every vote cast in the state midterm election was recorded, tabulated, checked and stored by computers whose internal workings are owned by Diebold, a private corporation.
Jekot was particularly alarmed and outraged to learn that company CEO Walden O is one of the GOP biggest fundraisers in his home state of Ohio and nationally. Right after the Georgia elections, an O e mail began making the rounds of Web logs and other Internet sites that were tracking the Diebold security flaws, in which the CEO bragged that he to helping Ohio deliver its electoral votes to the president next year. What better way to deliver electoral votes for President Bush, some reasoned, than to control the equipment Americans use to cast their ballots?
believe that the 2002 election in Georgia was rigged, Jekot insists today. don believe that Saxby Chambliss or Sonny Perdue how much is a hermes handbag won their races legally.
Despite Jekot technical expertise, officials in Georgia consider her theories baseless. Roy Barnes, the defeated Democratic governor, says that blaming his loss on voting machines is And, to be sure, there is no evidence proving malfeasance, and there probably never will be. The only trouble is, the state cannot furnish any definitive evidence to show that the 2002 election was not fraudulent. Proving that the machines didn malfunction, or that they weren hacked, is impossible. And since scores of computer scientists say that voting systems are vulnerable to attack, and because activists have raised legitimate concerns about election equipment vendors politics and processes, Jekot fears have come to seem, to many, entirely reasonable.
Even a self described Christian arch conservative, former Diebold systems manager Rob Behler, says the company failed to adequately test its troubled equipment and balked when he warned them of widespread problems with the machines. Last summer, computer scientists at Johns Hopkins University and Rice University found major security flaws in the Diebold machines, concluding that the Georgia system falls below even the most minimal security standards. And in January, experts at RABA Technologies, a consulting firm in Maryland, discovered additional failures in that state Diebold systems. Internal Diebold e mail shows that company engineers knew about the problems and in some instances chose to ignore them.
Some elections officials are beginning to see the profound dangers inherent in this process; California Secretary of State Kevin Shelley has ordered that all systems in his state implement a paper record by 2006. Activists hailed Shelley decision as evidence that he understands the fundamental principle at stake: Elections should be sacrosanct.
But on Election Day this November, more than 20 percent of American voters will cast their ballots on paperless electronic machines; voters across the nation will encounter them during the primaries. Critics of touch screen systems point to the controversy surrounding the vote in Georgia as a sign of things to come nationally. If there an upset in a close presidential race, will we be able to trust it? Ironically, the paperless systems were supposed to restore trust in a democracy that saw the presidency hang by a few thousand chads in Florida three years ago. In Georgia, and increasingly across the nation, Different hermes bag fake they in danger of doing quite the opposite.
Many in Georgia dismiss Jekot and her Web based acolytes as blinded partisans, conspiracy nuts, or even
But if you dismiss Roxanne Jekot as a wack job, you still have to deal with her friends. Jekot represents only the most strident quarter of an emerging national movement aimed at slowing the spread of the kind of touch screen systems that were first used in Georgia. While the movement counts as members some of the most shrill partisans on the Web, it also includes some of the most well regarded computer scientists in the world and together, these groups have been unexpectedly successful in changing the national perceptions of touch screen machines.
Until just about a year ago, these systems were considered the natural replacement to the punch card machines that so roiled the last presidential election. The new machines are easy to maintain, they can accommodate multiple languages, they can be imitiaton hermes bags used by people with disabilities, and they have the backing of influential groups like the League of Women Voters and the ACLU. The Help America Vote Act of 2002, which doles out a total of $650 million in federal money to state and local officials who upgrade their aging voting systems, has already prompted dozens of counties and a handful of states to deploy the touch screen systems.
The activists have upended the process. Fear of the voting machines is now a red meat issue not just for online lefties but also for libertarians, for many on the right, and, increasingly, for the establishment. National newspapers run Op Eds on the issue, network news shows feature the movement proponents, and officials like Shelley, in California, have been pressed to change their positions on the systems.
If you spend much time in the world of the activists, you understand why. In the fall, I sat with Jim March, an anti Diebold tech expert in Sacramento, Calif., while he showed me on his home PC how to steal an election. March, an ardent libertarian whose apartment is decorated with political posters Prefer an Unarmed Populace, one announces spent months investigating security flaws in touch screen systems. Thanks to his network of fellow geek activists, he found flaws in the system Diebold used to tally election results, a program called GEMS. The GEMS software runs on a standard PC that usually housed in a county election office. The system stores its votes in a format recognizable by Microsoft Access, a common office database program. If you got a copy of Access and can get physical access to the county machine or, some activists say, if you discover the county number and call into the machine over a phone line the vote is yours to steal.
While I sat at his computer, March helped me open a file containing actual results from a March 2002 primary election held in San Luis Obispo County, Calif. a file that March says would be accessible to anyone who worked in the county elections office on Election Day. Following March direction, I changed the vote count with a few clicks. Then, he explained how to alter the log, erasing all evidence that we tampered with the results. I saved the file. If it had been a real election, I would have been carrying out an electronic coup. It was a chilling realization.
The person who discovered the problems with the GEMS program she singularly responsible for almost every bit of attention recently paid to electronic voting machines, and for almost every juicy detail uncovered about the vote in Georgia is a middle aged publicist turned investigative journalist in Seattle named Bev Harris. Harris began thinking about voting machines in late 2002, when, after reading some claims on the Web that the election equipment firms were being infiltrated by foreign nationals, she decided, almost on a lark, to investigate the matter.
Harris had no journalistic experience, but she always harbored fantasies of uncovering something big. She turned out to be exceptionally talented at reporting. Within a few weeks of her investigation, she dug up many compelling nuggets. She found, for instance, that in the early 1990s, before he was elected to office, Sen. Chuck Hagel, the Nebraska Republican, served as the president of American Information Systems, the company that built most of the voting machines used in his state. Harris also discovered that Diebold, the firm that produced the machines used in Georgia, had left the software used to run its systems on a public server online. Harris downloaded these files and looked through them. She saw that she had the company source code as well as several other curiously named files one, for example, was called
Before Bev Harris found the files used in Georgia, the software in the machines had essentially been secret. When the computing public got a peek at the files Harris found, experts were not kind.
In July, a team of four computer scientists at Johns Hopkins University and Rice University announced that they uncovered major security flaws in the machines used in Georgia elections. analysis shows that this voting system is far below even the most minimal security standards applicable in other contexts, the team wrote. Diebold has long boasted that votes in its system are stored in an encrypted manner, hidden to anyone who didn have a valid password; the computer scientists found that Diebold programmers left the to decrypt the votes written into the code, which is a bit like locking your door and placing the key on the welcome mat. The Hopkins/Rice scientists also said that they saw no adequate mechanism to prevent voters from casting multiple ballots, viewing partial election results, or terminating an election early.
On Jan. 19, a team of computer scientists working with RABA Technologies set up a red team exercise a one day attempt to hack into Diebold machines configured as they would be on Election Day. They were successful. In a short time, the hackers managed to guess the passwords securing the voting system, allowing them to cast multiple ballots. They found that with a standard lock pick set, they could inconspicuously open up each machine sometimes in less than 10 seconds and remove or attach various pieces of hardware, letting them erase or change replica hermes handbags outlet electronic ballots. They concluded that Diebold touch screen machines contain security risks, and they suggested that Maryland put in place stringent safeguards before its March 2 primary, and that the state overhaul the system before the presidential election.
Diebold fiercely disputes that its technology is vulnerable to attacks. Mark Radke, a spokesman for Diebold, says that the RABA study pointed out some areas in which Maryland could improve its voting procedures, and he pleased that Maryland is instituting those changes. As for the Hopkins study, Radke says the scientists who looked at the system erred in their assessment by examining only a small bit of the code and by neglecting the and balances that occur in an actual election. He pointed to a study of the company system that was performed by Science Applications International Corp., a consulting firm, at the behest of the state of Maryland. The SAIC report gives Diebold a clean bill of health, and Georgia officials say it proves their system is safe. (The study is available here in PDF format.)
There is no evidence that someone tampered with the votes in Georgia. But certainly it is not beyond the bounds of possibility that someone could do so in the future. The history of American democracy is replete with allegations of vote fixing and stolen elections from Rutherford Hayes disputed victory over Samuel Tilden in 1876 to Illinois in 1960 (there were vote fraud allegations against both Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy) to the Florida debacle in 2000. Leaving the security of such a crucial government function in the hands of private companies motivated primarily by a desire to make a quick buck seems like a loopy idea to many people. And the more one listens to the activists complaints about how Diebold does business, the more one comes to understand their worries about election security.
Bev Harris says that in August, a former employee at Diebold handed her a trove of documents from the company, representing years of discussions on an internal company Web site. In one e mail, Ken Clark, a programmer at the company, acknowledges that vote data can be viewed with Microsoft Access, but he says that fixing the problem will be difficult, and it would be easier to feel out the testing labs and out what it is going to take to make them happy. In another e mail, Clark recommends to his co workers that if the state of Maryland which has also purchased the company touch screen machines decides to require a paper trail in its voting systems, the company should exact a high price for the required upgrades. Diebold should charge Maryland the yin, Clark wrote. In yet another e mail, Clark does an impression of how voters in Georgia might react to touch screen machines: votin thingamajig sure looks purdy, he writes. office. While the company concedes that the memos are authentic, it disputes Harris claim that the files came from a Diebold employee. Instead, says Mark Radke, Diebold computers were hacked. The firm initially threatened to sue people who posted the files on the Web, but it has backed off that threat.)
In the spring of 2003, Harris received an e mail that read, think I may be the Rob in rob georgia. The message was from Rob Behler, a laid off telecom worker who found a contract job at Diebold Atlanta warehouse in the summer before the midterm election. Behler, a friendly fellow in his 30s who speaks with a disarming Southern drawl, paints a disastrously unflattering picture of the company that provided his state with its voting equipment. He told Harris that his time at Diebold was marked by confusion and chaos, a month of 16 hour days in which he did nothing but fix broken machines, broken management techniques, and deal with incompetent people.
On his first day on the job, Behler, who had never worked on election systems before, was promoted to a manager position and put in charge of the team assembling, testing and deploying all of the voting machines in the state. He says that when he checked the machines that employees had been assembling for months, he discovered that large numbers of them were defective.
During the few weeks that followed, Behler spent his time fixing the machines. He says that each time he discovered a new problem with the systems, he would call up the tech experts at Diebold, and they would determine a way to fix it. we just tell them we updating? Behler wondered in the meeting. like, no, no, no, no, you can do that. It has to be certified. And I say, So we don want them to know that we fixing a problem? So I was like, we can tell them that we doing a quality check and that we making sure that they all the same. And that exactly what we did.
A few weeks after Election Night 2002, Roxanne Jekot, a computer programmer who lives in a northeastern suburb of Atlanta, Ga., began fearing demons lingering in the state voting machines. The midterm election had been a historic one: Georgia became the first state to use electronic touch screen voting machines in every one of its precincts. The 51 year old Jekot, who has a grandmotherly bearing but describes herself as a computer geek, was initially excited about the new system.
thought it was the coolest thing we could have done, she says.
But the election also brought sweeping victories for Republicans, including, most stunningly, one for Sonny Perdue, who defeated Roy Barnes, the incumbent Democrat, to become Georgia first Republican governor in 135 years, while Rep. Saxby Chambliss upset Vietnam veteran Sen. Max Cleland. The convergence of these two developments the introduction of new voting machines and the surprising GOP wins began to eat away at Roxanne Jekot. Like many of her fellow angry Democrats on the Internet discussion forums she frequented, she had a hard time believing the Republicans won legitimately. Instead, Jekot began searching for her explanation in the source code used in the new voting machines.
What she found alarmed her. The machines were state of the art products from an Ohio company called Diebold. But the code which a friend of Jekot had found on the Internet was anything but flawless, Jekot says. It was amateurish and pocked with security problems. expected sophistication and some fairly difficult to understand advanced coding, Jekot said one evening this fall at a restaurant near her home. But she saw hodgepodge of commands thrown all over the source code, an indication, she said, that the programmers were careless. Along with technical commands, Diebold engineers had written English comments documenting the various functions their software performed and these comments my hair stand on end, Jekot said. The programmers would say things like doesn work because that doesn work and neither one of them work together. They seemed to know that their software was flawed.
To Jekot, there appeared to be method in the incompetence. Professional programmers could not be so sloppy; it had to be deliberate. specifically opened doors that need not be opened, Jekot said, suggesting the possibility that Diebold wanted to leave its voting machines open to fraud. And, ominously, the electronic voting systems used in Georgia, like most of the new machines installed in the United States since the 2000 election, do not produce a trail every vote cast in the state midterm election was recorded, tabulated, checked and stored by computers whose internal workings are owned by Diebold, a private corporation.
Jekot was particularly alarmed and outraged to learn that company CEO Walden O is one of the GOP biggest fundraisers in his home state of Ohio and nationally. Right after the Georgia elections, an O e mail began making the rounds of Web logs and other Internet sites that were tracking the Diebold security flaws, in which the CEO bragged that he to helping Ohio deliver its electoral votes to the president next year. What better way to deliver electoral votes for President Bush, some reasoned, than to control the equipment Americans use to cast their ballots?
believe that the 2002 election in Georgia was rigged, Jekot insists today. don believe that Saxby Chambliss or Sonny Perdue how much is a hermes handbag won their races legally.
Despite Jekot technical expertise, officials in Georgia consider her theories baseless. Roy Barnes, the defeated Democratic governor, says that blaming his loss on voting machines is And, to be sure, there is no evidence proving malfeasance, and there probably never will be. The only trouble is, the state cannot furnish any definitive evidence to show that the 2002 election was not fraudulent. Proving that the machines didn malfunction, or that they weren hacked, is impossible. And since scores of computer scientists say that voting systems are vulnerable to attack, and because activists have raised legitimate concerns about election equipment vendors politics and processes, Jekot fears have come to seem, to many, entirely reasonable.
Even a self described Christian arch conservative, former Diebold systems manager Rob Behler, says the company failed to adequately test its troubled equipment and balked when he warned them of widespread problems with the machines. Last summer, computer scientists at Johns Hopkins University and Rice University found major security flaws in the Diebold machines, concluding that the Georgia system falls below even the most minimal security standards. And in January, experts at RABA Technologies, a consulting firm in Maryland, discovered additional failures in that state Diebold systems. Internal Diebold e mail shows that company engineers knew about the problems and in some instances chose to ignore them.
Some elections officials are beginning to see the profound dangers inherent in this process; California Secretary of State Kevin Shelley has ordered that all systems in his state implement a paper record by 2006. Activists hailed Shelley decision as evidence that he understands the fundamental principle at stake: Elections should be sacrosanct.
But on Election Day this November, more than 20 percent of American voters will cast their ballots on paperless electronic machines; voters across the nation will encounter them during the primaries. Critics of touch screen systems point to the controversy surrounding the vote in Georgia as a sign of things to come nationally. If there an upset in a close presidential race, will we be able to trust it? Ironically, the paperless systems were supposed to restore trust in a democracy that saw the presidency hang by a few thousand chads in Florida three years ago. In Georgia, and increasingly across the nation, Different hermes bag fake they in danger of doing quite the opposite.
Many in Georgia dismiss Jekot and her Web based acolytes as blinded partisans, conspiracy nuts, or even
But if you dismiss Roxanne Jekot as a wack job, you still have to deal with her friends. Jekot represents only the most strident quarter of an emerging national movement aimed at slowing the spread of the kind of touch screen systems that were first used in Georgia. While the movement counts as members some of the most shrill partisans on the Web, it also includes some of the most well regarded computer scientists in the world and together, these groups have been unexpectedly successful in changing the national perceptions of touch screen machines.
Until just about a year ago, these systems were considered the natural replacement to the punch card machines that so roiled the last presidential election. The new machines are easy to maintain, they can accommodate multiple languages, they can be imitiaton hermes bags used by people with disabilities, and they have the backing of influential groups like the League of Women Voters and the ACLU. The Help America Vote Act of 2002, which doles out a total of $650 million in federal money to state and local officials who upgrade their aging voting systems, has already prompted dozens of counties and a handful of states to deploy the touch screen systems.
The activists have upended the process. Fear of the voting machines is now a red meat issue not just for online lefties but also for libertarians, for many on the right, and, increasingly, for the establishment. National newspapers run Op Eds on the issue, network news shows feature the movement proponents, and officials like Shelley, in California, have been pressed to change their positions on the systems.
If you spend much time in the world of the activists, you understand why. In the fall, I sat with Jim March, an anti Diebold tech expert in Sacramento, Calif., while he showed me on his home PC how to steal an election. March, an ardent libertarian whose apartment is decorated with political posters Prefer an Unarmed Populace, one announces spent months investigating security flaws in touch screen systems. Thanks to his network of fellow geek activists, he found flaws in the system Diebold used to tally election results, a program called GEMS. The GEMS software runs on a standard PC that usually housed in a county election office. The system stores its votes in a format recognizable by Microsoft Access, a common office database program. If you got a copy of Access and can get physical access to the county machine or, some activists say, if you discover the county number and call into the machine over a phone line the vote is yours to steal.
While I sat at his computer, March helped me open a file containing actual results from a March 2002 primary election held in San Luis Obispo County, Calif. a file that March says would be accessible to anyone who worked in the county elections office on Election Day. Following March direction, I changed the vote count with a few clicks. Then, he explained how to alter the log, erasing all evidence that we tampered with the results. I saved the file. If it had been a real election, I would have been carrying out an electronic coup. It was a chilling realization.
The person who discovered the problems with the GEMS program she singularly responsible for almost every bit of attention recently paid to electronic voting machines, and for almost every juicy detail uncovered about the vote in Georgia is a middle aged publicist turned investigative journalist in Seattle named Bev Harris. Harris began thinking about voting machines in late 2002, when, after reading some claims on the Web that the election equipment firms were being infiltrated by foreign nationals, she decided, almost on a lark, to investigate the matter.
Harris had no journalistic experience, but she always harbored fantasies of uncovering something big. She turned out to be exceptionally talented at reporting. Within a few weeks of her investigation, she dug up many compelling nuggets. She found, for instance, that in the early 1990s, before he was elected to office, Sen. Chuck Hagel, the Nebraska Republican, served as the president of American Information Systems, the company that built most of the voting machines used in his state. Harris also discovered that Diebold, the firm that produced the machines used in Georgia, had left the software used to run its systems on a public server online. Harris downloaded these files and looked through them. She saw that she had the company source code as well as several other curiously named files one, for example, was called
Before Bev Harris found the files used in Georgia, the software in the machines had essentially been secret. When the computing public got a peek at the files Harris found, experts were not kind.
In July, a team of four computer scientists at Johns Hopkins University and Rice University announced that they uncovered major security flaws in the machines used in Georgia elections. analysis shows that this voting system is far below even the most minimal security standards applicable in other contexts, the team wrote. Diebold has long boasted that votes in its system are stored in an encrypted manner, hidden to anyone who didn have a valid password; the computer scientists found that Diebold programmers left the to decrypt the votes written into the code, which is a bit like locking your door and placing the key on the welcome mat. The Hopkins/Rice scientists also said that they saw no adequate mechanism to prevent voters from casting multiple ballots, viewing partial election results, or terminating an election early.
On Jan. 19, a team of computer scientists working with RABA Technologies set up a red team exercise a one day attempt to hack into Diebold machines configured as they would be on Election Day. They were successful. In a short time, the hackers managed to guess the passwords securing the voting system, allowing them to cast multiple ballots. They found that with a standard lock pick set, they could inconspicuously open up each machine sometimes in less than 10 seconds and remove or attach various pieces of hardware, letting them erase or change replica hermes handbags outlet electronic ballots. They concluded that Diebold touch screen machines contain security risks, and they suggested that Maryland put in place stringent safeguards before its March 2 primary, and that the state overhaul the system before the presidential election.
Diebold fiercely disputes that its technology is vulnerable to attacks. Mark Radke, a spokesman for Diebold, says that the RABA study pointed out some areas in which Maryland could improve its voting procedures, and he pleased that Maryland is instituting those changes. As for the Hopkins study, Radke says the scientists who looked at the system erred in their assessment by examining only a small bit of the code and by neglecting the and balances that occur in an actual election. He pointed to a study of the company system that was performed by Science Applications International Corp., a consulting firm, at the behest of the state of Maryland. The SAIC report gives Diebold a clean bill of health, and Georgia officials say it proves their system is safe. (The study is available here in PDF format.)
There is no evidence that someone tampered with the votes in Georgia. But certainly it is not beyond the bounds of possibility that someone could do so in the future. The history of American democracy is replete with allegations of vote fixing and stolen elections from Rutherford Hayes disputed victory over Samuel Tilden in 1876 to Illinois in 1960 (there were vote fraud allegations against both Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy) to the Florida debacle in 2000. Leaving the security of such a crucial government function in the hands of private companies motivated primarily by a desire to make a quick buck seems like a loopy idea to many people. And the more one listens to the activists complaints about how Diebold does business, the more one comes to understand their worries about election security.
Bev Harris says that in August, a former employee at Diebold handed her a trove of documents from the company, representing years of discussions on an internal company Web site. In one e mail, Ken Clark, a programmer at the company, acknowledges that vote data can be viewed with Microsoft Access, but he says that fixing the problem will be difficult, and it would be easier to feel out the testing labs and out what it is going to take to make them happy. In another e mail, Clark recommends to his co workers that if the state of Maryland which has also purchased the company touch screen machines decides to require a paper trail in its voting systems, the company should exact a high price for the required upgrades. Diebold should charge Maryland the yin, Clark wrote. In yet another e mail, Clark does an impression of how voters in Georgia might react to touch screen machines: votin thingamajig sure looks purdy, he writes. office. While the company concedes that the memos are authentic, it disputes Harris claim that the files came from a Diebold employee. Instead, says Mark Radke, Diebold computers were hacked. The firm initially threatened to sue people who posted the files on the Web, but it has backed off that threat.)
In the spring of 2003, Harris received an e mail that read, think I may be the Rob in rob georgia. The message was from Rob Behler, a laid off telecom worker who found a contract job at Diebold Atlanta warehouse in the summer before the midterm election. Behler, a friendly fellow in his 30s who speaks with a disarming Southern drawl, paints a disastrously unflattering picture of the company that provided his state with its voting equipment. He told Harris that his time at Diebold was marked by confusion and chaos, a month of 16 hour days in which he did nothing but fix broken machines, broken management techniques, and deal with incompetent people.
On his first day on the job, Behler, who had never worked on election systems before, was promoted to a manager position and put in charge of the team assembling, testing and deploying all of the voting machines in the state. He says that when he checked the machines that employees had been assembling for months, he discovered that large numbers of them were defective.
During the few weeks that followed, Behler spent his time fixing the machines. He says that each time he discovered a new problem with the systems, he would call up the tech experts at Diebold, and they would determine a way to fix it. we just tell them we updating? Behler wondered in the meeting. like, no, no, no, no, you can do that. It has to be certified. And I say, So we don want them to know that we fixing a problem? So I was like, we can tell them that we doing a quality check and that we making sure that they all the same. And that exactly what we did.
- sister must Choices Hermes light blue imitation man belt full of temperament
- classical yellow imitation Hermes bag Information Take a look at it
- classical red knockoff Hermes bracelet news Did you know
- sister behoove Choices Hermes blue knockoff Kelly handbag distribute temperament
- classical orange imitation Hermes bracelet dynamic
scoffs at Vancouver mayor
While "The Donald" moved ever closer to being "The Nominee," another Donald was landing in Vancouver.
Donald Trump Jr. left the campaign trail and travelled here just as his father became the presumptive Republican Party presidential nominee after a victory in the Indiana primary forced Ted Cruz and John Kasich to suspend their campaigns.
The magnate eldest son was in town on Thursday to visit, vet and, of course, "Trump" the shiny new Trump International Hotel and Tower in downtown Vancouver, which is to be up and running by the end of August.
In true Trump fashion, the son echoed the father's voice when Frivole necklace replica it came to assessing the quick, successful sale of the residential part of the project, which put $363 million into Holborn Development coffers.
not surprised because I have seen us do this time and time again, Trump Jr., wearing a blue blazer, checked monogrammed dress shirt, jeans and dusty black running shoes, said as he sat in a downtown boardroom.
The sales come on the Van Cleef & Arpels necklace imitation heels of you guessed it a very successful build.
budget and ahead of schedule it the only way we do things, said Trump.
The hotel will be run by the Trump Organization, and will hire 300 employees from a pool of a purported 10,000 resumes.
"When you have the accolades we been able to aggregate as a hotel company, I think (potential employees) see that as a good catapult for their careers, said Trump.
As for the controversy a few months back when Mayor Gregor Robertson sent a letter and a petition with 50,000 signatures asking Holborn Development to dump the Trump name over his remarks about Mexicans, women and Muslims, Trump Jr. said: "That's just the nature of politics."
days, when you get into politics, there is a lot of faux outrage that is created. politics. Jr. said that his father is speaking for Americans who want an accountable immigration policy and an fake Van Cleef & Arpels butterfly necklace diamonds end to debt and influence by special interest groups.
"Politicians usually don have the guts to have an original thought or to actually challenge the system and I think my father has changed that," said Trump Jr. "He has given a voice to a lot of people who haven had a voice, who haven had the benefits of his soap box, which is rather large. That why he has won more votes on the GOP side in the history of any politician in a GOP primary."
So who is voting for his dad? It's been said that, and footage from the rallies back it up, the Trump voter is an angry white guy. So what are they so angry about?
think it is a convenient sound bite," said Trump Jr. "I think (the left) try to make everything about race today. You can say anything without being called a racist.
"You have to be able to have dialogue, you have to be able to talk about it. We should be enforcing immigration laws actually understand who is coming into our country.
"I can come into Canada without going through a process. that racist. No, it not. You have to talk about it."
Trump Jr., a father of five kids under the age of nine, isn't rushing back to the campaign trail to stump for dad. downtime first. have spent a lot of time here and the Yukon. I a big outdoorsman, big fisherman, all that stuff. I spent a lot of time camping in Canada. also an outdoorsman who has spent time hunting in Africa. Social media users may have come across photos of him holding a severed elephant's tail and posing with his brother and a dead cheetah.
But he's a Trump, and it's clear one of the family mottoes is to make no apologies.
an outdoorsman. I a hunter. What started up as an uproar is, we went over to Zimbabwe and we weren't poaching. We were doing everything legally. We are big hunters and we big conservationists. All the public land we have in America all started because of hunters, so that is an important thing."
Trump Jr. said he's not afraid of the increased attacks that will come now that his father is the presumptive Republican nominee.
"Yes, we be scrutinized but, honestly, when the establishment candidates and a candidate with Hillary track record, when they start attacking you and they show how scared they are of you, that a good thing," he said.
While "The Donald" moved ever closer to being "The Nominee," another Donald was landing in Vancouver.
Donald Trump Jr. left the campaign trail and travelled here just as his father became the presumptive Republican Party presidential nominee after a victory in the Indiana primary forced Ted Cruz and John Kasich to suspend their campaigns.
The magnate eldest son was in town on Thursday to visit, vet and, of course, "Trump" the shiny new Trump International Hotel and Tower in downtown Vancouver, which is to be up and running by the end of August.
In true Trump fashion, the son echoed the father's voice when Frivole necklace replica it came to assessing the quick, successful sale of the residential part of the project, which put $363 million into Holborn Development coffers.
not surprised because I have seen us do this time and time again, Trump Jr., wearing a blue blazer, checked monogrammed dress shirt, jeans and dusty black running shoes, said as he sat in a downtown boardroom.
The sales come on the Van Cleef & Arpels necklace imitation heels of you guessed it a very successful build.
budget and ahead of schedule it the only way we do things, said Trump.
The hotel will be run by the Trump Organization, and will hire 300 employees from a pool of a purported 10,000 resumes.
"When you have the accolades we been able to aggregate as a hotel company, I think (potential employees) see that as a good catapult for their careers, said Trump.
As for the controversy a few months back when Mayor Gregor Robertson sent a letter and a petition with 50,000 signatures asking Holborn Development to dump the Trump name over his remarks about Mexicans, women and Muslims, Trump Jr. said: "That's just the nature of politics."
days, when you get into politics, there is a lot of faux outrage that is created. politics. Jr. said that his father is speaking for Americans who want an accountable immigration policy and an fake Van Cleef & Arpels butterfly necklace diamonds end to debt and influence by special interest groups.
"Politicians usually don have the guts to have an original thought or to actually challenge the system and I think my father has changed that," said Trump Jr. "He has given a voice to a lot of people who haven had a voice, who haven had the benefits of his soap box, which is rather large. That why he has won more votes on the GOP side in the history of any politician in a GOP primary."
So who is voting for his dad? It's been said that, and footage from the rallies back it up, the Trump voter is an angry white guy. So what are they so angry about?
think it is a convenient sound bite," said Trump Jr. "I think (the left) try to make everything about race today. You can say anything without being called a racist.
"You have to be able to have dialogue, you have to be able to talk about it. We should be enforcing immigration laws actually understand who is coming into our country.
"I can come into Canada without going through a process. that racist. No, it not. You have to talk about it."
Trump Jr., a father of five kids under the age of nine, isn't rushing back to the campaign trail to stump for dad. downtime first. have spent a lot of time here and the Yukon. I a big outdoorsman, big fisherman, all that stuff. I spent a lot of time camping in Canada. also an outdoorsman who has spent time hunting in Africa. Social media users may have come across photos of him holding a severed elephant's tail and posing with his brother and a dead cheetah.
But he's a Trump, and it's clear one of the family mottoes is to make no apologies.
an outdoorsman. I a hunter. What started up as an uproar is, we went over to Zimbabwe and we weren't poaching. We were doing everything legally. We are big hunters and we big conservationists. All the public land we have in America all started because of hunters, so that is an important thing."
Trump Jr. said he's not afraid of the increased attacks that will come now that his father is the presumptive Republican nominee.
"Yes, we be scrutinized but, honestly, when the establishment candidates and a candidate with Hillary track record, when they start attacking you and they show how scared they are of you, that a good thing," he said.
- embellish van cleef arpels earrings trefoil women replica Let you matrimonial still further glorious
- spirit magic VCA pink gold jewelry How much it?
- van earrings lucky women imitation Make espousal still further happiness
- Put on arpels van cleef ring trefoil lover replica give you matrimonial a fortio
- ornament van cleef arpels rings fortunate couple imitation make you matrimonial still happiness
The History Of Vans Skate van cleef alhambra necklace imitation Shoes
Vans skate shoes, like most other things these days, began with the dream of one person. This person was Paul Van Doren, and with his dream of manufacturing shoes and selling them directly to the public.
Paul Van Doren actually began to make sneakers when he worked in a factory on the east cost. He also teamed up with people who had experience in the business of making shoes. They were Jim Van Doren, Gordy Lee, and Serge D'Elia. Unfortunately none of them actually had any experience van cleef alhambra mother of necklace imitation in retail.
Despite that little setback they managed to open their first store in the year of 1966 on the 15 of March. That was the very first Vans Shoe store and it was located on 704 east Broadway in Anaheim, California. At this point they only offered three styles of shoes. They were priced at $2.49, $4.49, and $4.99 but they were sold as display only shoes.
The very first day that they were open they got 12 costumers. Since they didn't actually have that many shoes they asked the costumers to come back later in the afternoon and then rushed into their factory and made each of the selected shoes. There was one little problem. When each of the 12 costumers came to pay for their newly made shoes they needed change, and since nobody on their group had retail experience replica Van Cleef & Arpels butterfly necklace they didn't actually expect this, so they gave the costumers their shoes and asked them to come back later and pay. Luckily fir them, all 12 of their costumers were good honest people who did indeed come back to pay for their shoes.
In the beginning the Vans shoes had a diamond patter sole, however it was quickly found that that case them to crack around the balls of the outside easily that way. They didn't lie this, so they decided to try something different. It was decided that the ball area would have vertical lines added so that the shoe would be stronger and able to handle more. The waffled like sole design of Vans shoes set theirs apart from others.
In the year 1976 skateboarders began to use Vans shoes as skate shoes. On March 19th of that year the very first Vans skate shoes were designed and made. The were the Vans Era and they were in red and blue. The pro skaters Tony Alva and Stacey Peralta are the designers of these early Vans skate shoes. Pretty soon there were new colors and even slip on Vans skate shoes, and they became the latest craze of California. And, after the nation saw Jeff Spicoli the Californian surfer dude wearing a pair of their checkered slip on Vans Skate shoes during the movie "Fast Times at Ridgemont High" they were a must have across the United States.
Vans skate shoes, like most other things these days, began with the dream of one person. This person was Paul Van Doren, and with his dream of manufacturing shoes and selling them directly to the public.
Paul Van Doren actually began to make sneakers when he worked in a factory on the east cost. He also teamed up with people who had experience in the business of making shoes. They were Jim Van Doren, Gordy Lee, and Serge D'Elia. Unfortunately none of them actually had any experience van cleef alhambra mother of necklace imitation in retail.
Despite that little setback they managed to open their first store in the year of 1966 on the 15 of March. That was the very first Vans Shoe store and it was located on 704 east Broadway in Anaheim, California. At this point they only offered three styles of shoes. They were priced at $2.49, $4.49, and $4.99 but they were sold as display only shoes.
The very first day that they were open they got 12 costumers. Since they didn't actually have that many shoes they asked the costumers to come back later in the afternoon and then rushed into their factory and made each of the selected shoes. There was one little problem. When each of the 12 costumers came to pay for their newly made shoes they needed change, and since nobody on their group had retail experience replica Van Cleef & Arpels butterfly necklace they didn't actually expect this, so they gave the costumers their shoes and asked them to come back later and pay. Luckily fir them, all 12 of their costumers were good honest people who did indeed come back to pay for their shoes.
In the beginning the Vans shoes had a diamond patter sole, however it was quickly found that that case them to crack around the balls of the outside easily that way. They didn't lie this, so they decided to try something different. It was decided that the ball area would have vertical lines added so that the shoe would be stronger and able to handle more. The waffled like sole design of Vans shoes set theirs apart from others.
In the year 1976 skateboarders began to use Vans shoes as skate shoes. On March 19th of that year the very first Vans skate shoes were designed and made. The were the Vans Era and they were in red and blue. The pro skaters Tony Alva and Stacey Peralta are the designers of these early Vans skate shoes. Pretty soon there were new colors and even slip on Vans skate shoes, and they became the latest craze of California. And, after the nation saw Jeff Spicoli the Californian surfer dude wearing a pair of their checkered slip on Vans Skate shoes during the movie "Fast Times at Ridgemont High" they were a must have across the United States.
- charm imitation VCA gold necklace do you want it?
- Put on van ring clover mens imitation Let you espousal to a higher degree happy
- classic replica VCA white gold pendant price?
- classic fake van cleef & arpels Frivole ring How much it?
- decorate van ring clover woman fake Let you wedding to a higher degree well-being
Why So Many Women Are Ditching Their Underwear
It seems that I've been Sharon Van Winkle, snoozing for years and suddenly waking to a world where a lot of women have ditched their underwear. Commando appears to be en vogue and some of my girlfriends, people in my 45 54 demographic, are choosing to go sans panties.I grew up with Brooke Shields. I didn't know her personally, but we were two years apart in age, we both grew up in New Jersey, we both sported bushy eyebrows on our adolescent faces. In 1980, Brooke asked, "Want to know what comes between me and my Calvins?" and then she answered, "Nothing." It was effective advertising, because I took to buying Calvin Klein underwear.Flash forward a few decades and though my preferred brand has changed I wear underwear. All. The. Time. I'm a big fan of Soma's bikini Vanishing Edge underwear so there is nothing granny about my replica hermes handbags outlet panties. They're my daily accessory.Sharon Van Winkle discovered that's not the case for everyone.During the past year, three different friends have given me their undie busting advice. Panty Raider Number One told me to stop wearing them altogether, but especially when I run. I'm an avid runner, have run marathons, and I warily listened to her rationale of no visible panty lines with exercise shorts.Recently, I've taken up biking. A month ago, I bought bike shorts, which are super comfy and like riding with a mattress in my pants. After pedaling fifteen to twenty miles, that's a good thing. Panty Raider Number Two advised me to stop wearing underwear with my bike shorts. It was a suggestion she'd been given when she started biking. She tried it, she liked it. I haven't tried it.On a not long ago shopping trip, Panty Raider Number Three and I were wandering through a high end boutique when she whispered, "I hermes bags replica have underwear in my purse in case I try on pants."I stopped short between racks of designer jeans. "Why are they in your purse and not on your body?" Of course, I should have whispered my response, but surprise trumped volume control.She spoke quietly, "I almost never wear underwear."She nodded. "It's more comfortable. You should go commando."It may be that the third time's the charm, but I still wasn't convinced that trashing my knickers was something I wanted to do. I needed more information.First, I took a rudimentary survey of 10 girlfriends who were all around my age. The result: At least on occasion exercise being the predominant occasion 60 percent of these ladies went commando. In 2015, I of course turned to the Internet and Google to round out my research. A number of articles touted the health benefits of commando life. An article at Elite Daily listed things like comfort and feeling sexy as reasons for turning your body into a no underwear zone.I didn't need an article to point out potential economic benefits. Some brands are pricey. Swearing off underwear could pad my wallet, though not lift my butt.I chewed on all the well intentioned advice from friends and the information I found online. Most of those I'd queried leaned toward ditching their underwear before exercising. Using that as my guide, I tried going commando for two of my runs. I didn't like it, preferring an extra layer between the world, my spandex and my fake hermes leather handbags sweaty self. And though I'm not a stage performer, after Lenny Kravitz's in concert commando wardrobe malfunction, I think underwear is replica hermes handbags a key piece of clothing for women and "dudes". penisgate
It seems that I've been Sharon Van Winkle, snoozing for years and suddenly waking to a world where a lot of women have ditched their underwear. Commando appears to be en vogue and some of my girlfriends, people in my 45 54 demographic, are choosing to go sans panties.I grew up with Brooke Shields. I didn't know her personally, but we were two years apart in age, we both grew up in New Jersey, we both sported bushy eyebrows on our adolescent faces. In 1980, Brooke asked, "Want to know what comes between me and my Calvins?" and then she answered, "Nothing." It was effective advertising, because I took to buying Calvin Klein underwear.Flash forward a few decades and though my preferred brand has changed I wear underwear. All. The. Time. I'm a big fan of Soma's bikini Vanishing Edge underwear so there is nothing granny about my replica hermes handbags outlet panties. They're my daily accessory.Sharon Van Winkle discovered that's not the case for everyone.During the past year, three different friends have given me their undie busting advice. Panty Raider Number One told me to stop wearing them altogether, but especially when I run. I'm an avid runner, have run marathons, and I warily listened to her rationale of no visible panty lines with exercise shorts.Recently, I've taken up biking. A month ago, I bought bike shorts, which are super comfy and like riding with a mattress in my pants. After pedaling fifteen to twenty miles, that's a good thing. Panty Raider Number Two advised me to stop wearing underwear with my bike shorts. It was a suggestion she'd been given when she started biking. She tried it, she liked it. I haven't tried it.On a not long ago shopping trip, Panty Raider Number Three and I were wandering through a high end boutique when she whispered, "I hermes bags replica have underwear in my purse in case I try on pants."I stopped short between racks of designer jeans. "Why are they in your purse and not on your body?" Of course, I should have whispered my response, but surprise trumped volume control.She spoke quietly, "I almost never wear underwear."She nodded. "It's more comfortable. You should go commando."It may be that the third time's the charm, but I still wasn't convinced that trashing my knickers was something I wanted to do. I needed more information.First, I took a rudimentary survey of 10 girlfriends who were all around my age. The result: At least on occasion exercise being the predominant occasion 60 percent of these ladies went commando. In 2015, I of course turned to the Internet and Google to round out my research. A number of articles touted the health benefits of commando life. An article at Elite Daily listed things like comfort and feeling sexy as reasons for turning your body into a no underwear zone.I didn't need an article to point out potential economic benefits. Some brands are pricey. Swearing off underwear could pad my wallet, though not lift my butt.I chewed on all the well intentioned advice from friends and the information I found online. Most of those I'd queried leaned toward ditching their underwear before exercising. Using that as my guide, I tried going commando for two of my runs. I didn't like it, preferring an extra layer between the world, my spandex and my fake hermes leather handbags sweaty self. And though I'm not a stage performer, after Lenny Kravitz's in concert commando wardrobe malfunction, I think underwear is replica hermes handbags a key piece of clothing for women and "dudes". penisgate
- The women must Preferred Hermes denim very cheap Kelly bags full of charm
- daughter ought to The preferred Hermes red replica men belt show yourself
- classic black imitation Hermes bracelet dynamic Did you know
- classic brown replica Hermes Information Did you know
- sister ought to first choice Hermes leather imitation handbag distribute temperament
Wikipedia charity chairman resigns after pornography row
Ashley van Haeften resigned as chairman of Wikimedia UK today, citing concerns the controversy over his ban could cause divisions among Wikipedia supporters.
have discussed this matter with [Mr van Haeften] this morning, said Jon hermes bags replica Davies, the chief executive of the charity, which distributes 1m of donations from Wikipedia supporters annually.
is keen that there should be no division in the Wikimedia UK community over his role as Chair, especially at a time when so many great things are being achieved.
has therefore resigned as Chair.
The Telegraph reported this week how Mr van Haeften had been banned indefinitely from contributing to the English version of Wikipedia by ArbCom, an elected committee of senior editors.
ArbCom applied the sanction after finding he mounted personal attacks on people with concerns about how much is a hermes birkin handbags explicit material on Wikipedia, including about material he had posted. He was criticised for including a inappropriate link to pornography in the biography of a living person.
Wikipedia carries a large quantity of explicit material, despite promoting itself as an educational website suitable for schoolchildren. Critics such as Larry Sanger, a co founder of the website, and people attacked by Mr van Haeften, have argued for filters or age controls to be introduced.
Mr van Haeften, who works as an IT project manager, was also found by ArbCom to have violated a series of editing rules, including by using multiple accounts to change pages after he had asked for a start
His resignation follows a call by members of Wikimedia UK for an Extraordinary General Meeting to discuss the controversy. They said the decision of the charity board to keep Mr van Haeften on as chairman despite replica hermes handbags outlet his ban from contributing to Wikipedia a sufficient response to this situation
An EGM could still go ahead, however, as the call was for a vote on a resolution remove Ashley Van Haeften from the Board of Trustees of Wikimedia UK not only to strip him of the chairmanship.
not resigning as chair immediately after the ArbCom decision was announced I am afraid that [Mr van Haeften] made an replica hermes handbags error which can now only be corrected by his resignation from the board altogether, said one Wikimedia UK member.
Ashley van Haeften resigned as chairman of Wikimedia UK today, citing concerns the controversy over his ban could cause divisions among Wikipedia supporters.
have discussed this matter with [Mr van Haeften] this morning, said Jon hermes bags replica Davies, the chief executive of the charity, which distributes 1m of donations from Wikipedia supporters annually.
is keen that there should be no division in the Wikimedia UK community over his role as Chair, especially at a time when so many great things are being achieved.
has therefore resigned as Chair.
The Telegraph reported this week how Mr van Haeften had been banned indefinitely from contributing to the English version of Wikipedia by ArbCom, an elected committee of senior editors.
ArbCom applied the sanction after finding he mounted personal attacks on people with concerns about how much is a hermes birkin handbags explicit material on Wikipedia, including about material he had posted. He was criticised for including a inappropriate link to pornography in the biography of a living person.
Wikipedia carries a large quantity of explicit material, despite promoting itself as an educational website suitable for schoolchildren. Critics such as Larry Sanger, a co founder of the website, and people attacked by Mr van Haeften, have argued for filters or age controls to be introduced.
Mr van Haeften, who works as an IT project manager, was also found by ArbCom to have violated a series of editing rules, including by using multiple accounts to change pages after he had asked for a start
His resignation follows a call by members of Wikimedia UK for an Extraordinary General Meeting to discuss the controversy. They said the decision of the charity board to keep Mr van Haeften on as chairman despite replica hermes handbags outlet his ban from contributing to Wikipedia a sufficient response to this situation
An EGM could still go ahead, however, as the call was for a vote on a resolution remove Ashley Van Haeften from the Board of Trustees of Wikimedia UK not only to strip him of the chairmanship.
not resigning as chair immediately after the ArbCom decision was announced I am afraid that [Mr van Haeften] made an replica hermes handbags error which can now only be corrected by his resignation from the board altogether, said one Wikimedia UK member.
- The classic brown copy Hermes Information do you know
- girl friend there is no doubt Preferred Hermes leather imitation Kelly bag distribute temperament
- sister behoove choose Hermes H preferential Kelly
- Stylish red copy Hermes gold bracelet Message To understanding
- fashion pink fake Hermes Birkin bag Message To understanding