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Aste di governo fuori dai vermi di 2 spie
MARIETTA, Ga., 1 dicembre
I beni meritati di Aldrich H. Ames, uomo di Mosca dell'agenzia centrale di intelligence, sono stati venduti all'asta in un centro commerciale periferico oggi, un incongruo fine alla storia dell'avidità che è stata l'ultima grande storia di spionaggio della guerra fredda.
La curiosa e curiosa offerta di gioielli, gemme e geegie, una volta nascosta tra documenti e file classificati classificati, sequestrati dall'Assessorato dell'Ufficio federale dopo che il signor Ames e sua moglie Rosario sono stati arrestati nove mesi fa nella loro casa ben arredata Un sobborgo di Virginia di Washington.
I frutti dello spionaggio di Mr. Ames sono stati presentati questa mattina prima dell'asta, che è stata detenuta a beneficio del governo federale. Così è stata una cornucopia molto più grande di merci confiscate e oggetti di magazzino.
Potenziali offerenti vagavano tra il kitsch della cultura della droga come un anello d'oro 14 carati con lettere sollevate che leggevano 'I Love Cocaina' e doni da potentati stranieri che i funzionari americani avevano ritenuto formidabile o inesistente. Quest'ultimo comprendeva una piastra d'argento presentata da un generale sudcoreano che commemorava un accordo di armi; Un ritratto imperturbabile, di origine sconosciuta, dell'ex Segretario di Stato George P. Shultz e di una scatola di mogano riempita di sigarette stalle del tardo governatore delle Filippine, Ferdinand Marcos.
Molti si fermarono ad esaminare due casse di vetro dei beni di Ames. La Hazel Austin fu presa, e poi respinta, da una catena di oro, diamanti e perle di costume con un ciondolo di un animale dorato d'oro rosso.
'È un orso russo?' Chiese, facendosi ruggire il naso. Era. Agenti che sono morti dopo i tradimenti di Mr. Ames, per i quali è stato pagato più di 2 milioni di dollari dal servizio di intelligence sovietico e russo.
Il marito della signora Austin, Chet, ha guardato un choker perla. 'Vorrei metterlo intorno al collo e torcerlo duro', ha detto. 'Vendere fuori il suo paese per un mucchio di spazzatura come questo'.
Coleen Radbill di Acworth, Ga., Era singolarmente impreziosito dalle 'gemme' di Ames. 'I rivenditori di droga avevano migliori merci', ha detto.
Il rivenditore, Dean Echols, direttore dei servizi governativi per Manheim Auctions, che fa 300 milioni di dollari di queste vendite una settimana, ha detto con un tono di delusione che non c'era 'nulla con un tema di James Bond' e 'nessun segreto rimasto'.
Il signor Echols si schiarì la gola, marciava sul podio e cominciò a fare l'asta, una skill rarefatta in cui egli ha pochi uguali. Sembrava un uomo che indossava segni di dollaro, ha venduto in fretta i cowboy di cocaina, 'i crocifissi d'oro, i menagerie di cristallo, i pugnali sauditi e il vassoio di porcellana presentato nel 1983 da un generale pakistano a Caspar Weinberger, poi il Segretario alla Difesa.
Poi è arrivata la collezione Ames, 38 lotti in tutto. Il sig. Echols ha annunciato che tutti gli offerenti vincenti avrebbero ricevuto un certificato di autenticità del Governo che avrebbe confermato che le loro merci provenivano dalla densa della spia.
In breve, le scatole di Tiffany, gli orecchini di diamanti, l'orologio Cartier, il braccialetto auricolare, il ciondolo opale, il bicchiere di vetro Lalique e la catena adornata dall'orso russo sono andati tutti all'offerente n. La figura misteriosa ha offerto $ 500 per un coltello svizzero a nove coltelli, $ 700 per una penna stilografica oro, $ 2.000 per un paio di orecchini di diamanti e $ 3.500 per un orologio in acciaio inossidabile dell'uomo, 30.300 dollari per 31 partite.
Il signor Echols si è abbandonato dal blocco d'asta e, rispondendo a una domanda mistificata, ha identificato n. 25 come l'orso polare di un uomo vestito in una maglietta termica, dai jeans blu e dalle scarpe da corsa che stava lasciando in fretta. Ciò, si è rivelato, era Bob Slack, vice presidente di un negozio di Atlanta chiamato Great Gatsby's Auction Gallery, che prevede di offrire le merci per la rivendita a febbraio.
Forse c'è una giustizia poetica in una struttura chiamata Great Gatsby che acquista i beni che Rick e Rosie Ames hanno acquistato con denaro di sangue. I protagonisti di F. Scott Fitzgerald 'The Great Gatsby', Tom e Daisy Buchanan, erano persone che ' Ha distrutto le cose e le creature e poi si è ritirato nel loro denaro o nella loro grande disattenzione, o in qualunque cosa li mantenesse insieme, e lasciare che altre persone ripuliscano il disordine che avevano fatto '.
MARIETTA, Ga., 1 dicembre
I beni meritati di Aldrich H. Ames, uomo di Mosca dell'agenzia centrale di intelligence, sono stati venduti all'asta in un centro commerciale periferico oggi, un incongruo fine alla storia dell'avidità che è stata l'ultima grande storia di spionaggio della guerra fredda.
La curiosa e curiosa offerta di gioielli, gemme e geegie, una volta nascosta tra documenti e file classificati classificati, sequestrati dall'Assessorato dell'Ufficio federale dopo che il signor Ames e sua moglie Rosario sono stati arrestati nove mesi fa nella loro casa ben arredata Un sobborgo di Virginia di Washington.
I frutti dello spionaggio di Mr. Ames sono stati presentati questa mattina prima dell'asta, che è stata detenuta a beneficio del governo federale. Così è stata una cornucopia molto più grande di merci confiscate e oggetti di magazzino.
Potenziali offerenti vagavano tra il kitsch della cultura della droga come un anello d'oro 14 carati con lettere sollevate che leggevano 'I Love Cocaina' e doni da potentati stranieri che i funzionari americani avevano ritenuto formidabile o inesistente. Quest'ultimo comprendeva una piastra d'argento presentata da un generale sudcoreano che commemorava un accordo di armi; Un ritratto imperturbabile, di origine sconosciuta, dell'ex Segretario di Stato George P. Shultz e di una scatola di mogano riempita di sigarette stalle del tardo governatore delle Filippine, Ferdinand Marcos.
Molti si fermarono ad esaminare due casse di vetro dei beni di Ames. La Hazel Austin fu presa, e poi respinta, da una catena di oro, diamanti e perle di costume con un ciondolo di un animale dorato d'oro rosso.
'È un orso russo?' Chiese, facendosi ruggire il naso. Era. Agenti che sono morti dopo i tradimenti di Mr. Ames, per i quali è stato pagato più di 2 milioni di dollari dal servizio di intelligence sovietico e russo.
Il marito della signora Austin, Chet, ha guardato un choker perla. 'Vorrei metterlo intorno al collo e torcerlo duro', ha detto. 'Vendere fuori il suo paese per un mucchio di spazzatura come questo'.
Coleen Radbill di Acworth, Ga., Era singolarmente impreziosito dalle 'gemme' di Ames. 'I rivenditori di droga avevano migliori merci', ha detto.
Il rivenditore, Dean Echols, direttore dei servizi governativi per Manheim Auctions, che fa 300 milioni di dollari di queste vendite una settimana, ha detto con un tono di delusione che non c'era 'nulla con un tema di James Bond' e 'nessun segreto rimasto'.
Il signor Echols si schiarì la gola, marciava sul podio e cominciò a fare l'asta, una skill rarefatta in cui egli ha pochi uguali. Sembrava un uomo che indossava segni di dollaro, ha venduto in fretta i cowboy di cocaina, 'i crocifissi d'oro, i menagerie di cristallo, i pugnali sauditi e il vassoio di porcellana presentato nel 1983 da un generale pakistano a Caspar Weinberger, poi il Segretario alla Difesa.
Poi è arrivata la collezione Ames, 38 lotti in tutto. Il sig. Echols ha annunciato che tutti gli offerenti vincenti avrebbero ricevuto un certificato di autenticità del Governo che avrebbe confermato che le loro merci provenivano dalla densa della spia.
In breve, le scatole di Tiffany, gli orecchini di diamanti, l'orologio Cartier, il braccialetto auricolare, il ciondolo opale, il bicchiere di vetro Lalique e la catena adornata dall'orso russo sono andati tutti all'offerente n. La figura misteriosa ha offerto $ 500 per un coltello svizzero a nove coltelli, $ 700 per una penna stilografica oro, $ 2.000 per un paio di orecchini di diamanti e $ 3.500 per un orologio in acciaio inossidabile dell'uomo, 30.300 dollari per 31 partite.
Il signor Echols si è abbandonato dal blocco d'asta e, rispondendo a una domanda mistificata, ha identificato n. 25 come l'orso polare di un uomo vestito in una maglietta termica, dai jeans blu e dalle scarpe da corsa che stava lasciando in fretta. Ciò, si è rivelato, era Bob Slack, vice presidente di un negozio di Atlanta chiamato Great Gatsby's Auction Gallery, che prevede di offrire le merci per la rivendita a febbraio.
Forse c'è una giustizia poetica in una struttura chiamata Great Gatsby che acquista i beni che Rick e Rosie Ames hanno acquistato con denaro di sangue. I protagonisti di F. Scott Fitzgerald 'The Great Gatsby', Tom e Daisy Buchanan, erano persone che ' Ha distrutto le cose e le creature e poi si è ritirato nel loro denaro o nella loro grande disattenzione, o in qualunque cosa li mantenesse insieme, e lasciare che altre persone ripuliscano il disordine che avevano fatto '.
Jenseits des Strandes in Anguilla
Die meisten Besucher zuAnguillaare schauen, um ernsthaftes shoretime zu protokollieren. Um sicher zu sein, sind die winzigen karibischen Inselstrände mit ihren reinen weißen Schwaden aus zerkleinertem Korallensand schwer zu widerstehen. Aber es gibt weit mehr zu diesem tropischen Paradies der Kleinen Antillen als Surf und Sonne.
Hier sind acht Wege, um über den Strand hinauszugehen:
1. Dann in die Chill Vibe, dank einem Wochenende DJ Spinnerei eine Mischung aus Karibik und Poptunen.
Für einen ganz anderen Satz von leckeren Entscheidungen, versuchen Sie Hungry ein Essen vanwitha verpflichtet folgend.
Abgesehen von dem Versuch und erfinderischen Array von köstlichen Quesadillas (wo sonst können Sie Roastbeef und geräucherter Lachs als Füllstoffe finden), werden hungrige Suppen (Favoriten wie Hummer und Mais sowie Conch) von Einheimischen und Besuchern gleichermaßen geschliffen. In Bezug auf die faszinierend genannte Fußsuppe, wie mein Führer bemerkte, was es heißt, ist es. Niedrige Schlüsselhöhle.
Eine Kolonie von Antillean Obst essen Fledermäuse (sie essen auch Insekten) befindet sich in Cavanaugh Cave. Am Eingang, drückte an einem riesigen Felsblock vorbei, der während eines jüngsten Hurrikans stolperte, um einen Innenraum zu finden, der mit einer Reihe von natürlichen Torbogen geschmückt war.
Über deinem Kopf, Stalaktiten jut von der 30 Fuß hohen Decke, wo Fledermäuse in isolierten Höhlen hängen. Ihre Präsenz bekannt durch quietschende Klänge, mehrere hundert Fledermäuse gruppieren sich in einer herzförmigen Depression an einer Wand.
Thrill-Sucher sind bekannt, um die exponierten Wurzeln eines steigenden Feigenbaums zu verwenden, um eine 20-Fuß-Kluft herabzusteigen. (Von dort verzweigt sich die Höhle in vier Richtungen).
Anguilla kann auch erkundet werden, indem Sie sich für eine Botanik-Tour mit dem Anguilla National Trust, eine Organisation mit dem Schutz der Insel natürliche Ressourcen und die Förderung ihrer kulturellen Erbe.
Der Naturalist Oliver Hodge hat eine enzyklopädische Kenntnis der medizinischen und kulturellen Verwendungen der anguillaischen Pflanzen.
Trek mit ihm entlang einer der Insel viele Naturpfade und Sie kommen mit Einblick in, wie die Einheimischen brauen hausgemachte Tees von der Putz-Rubdown-Pflanze (um eine Erkältung und Fieber zu behandeln) und weißen Terpentin Baum Blätter (um Blasenprobleme zu beheben).
Hodge erklärt auch, wie man das Blatt des Widder-Ziegenbusches zu den Zahnschmerzen zermalmt oder die Rinde der weißen Zeder, die Inselpflanze, kratzt, um die Wundheilung zu nutzen. Auch wenn du irgendwelche Leiden leidest, kommst du fühlte dich entspannt und erfrischt.
Von deinem Tisch bei De Cuisine gibt es keinen Strand in Sicht. Und das ist der Weg Mann und Frau Inhaber Denise Carr der Restaurant Chef und Joash Proctor wollte es. Sollte alles über das Essen, nicht die Ansichten, sagte Proctor mir.
Alles auf der saisonalen und lokal gesammelten Speisekarte ist kreativ, beginnend mit den Vorspeisen, wie die warmen Krebse mit gerösteten Paprika und Avocado-Salat serviert. Und da Deniseis auch ein bildender Künstler ist, profitiert der unprätentiöse Raum von dem Einfluß ihres eklektischen Geschmacks; Die Wände sind geschmückt, die aus Kokosnussbaumfasern gefertigt sind, gemalte königliche Palmwedel und Kupferrohre.
Hibernia Restaurantdoubles als Kunstgalerie. Nach dem Abendessen halt man bei der Nebengebäude an den Speisesaal, um die Gemälde, die Skulptur, die Schmucksachen und die Tapisserien zu schneiden, wobei die Besitzer im Laufe ihrer umfangreichen Reisen durch Asien abgeholt wurden. Die Gerichte werden im französischen Stil mit thailändischem und japanischem Flair zubereitet. Fall in Punkt: Wahoo gewürzt mit Shio Koji und serviert mit Kimchi Reis. Don vermisse das hausgemachte Eis, einschließlich der viel verleumdeten aber würzigen Durian Obst.
Anguilla Ostseite scheinen eine andere Insel insgesamt: windiger und trockener. Das Pflanzenleben, von der Frangipani bis zur Seetraube, wird wegen der nahezu konstanten Brise, die dieser Küste ausgesetzt ist, verkümmert.
Nach dem Fahren entlang eines Netzes von Rutted Dirt Straßen, Park und Wanderung zu Windward Point. (Tip: Bring einen Spazierstock Die Point Rugged Oberfläche ist mit scharfen Kalkstein bedeckt, der mit Löchern und Risse bestückt ist.) Die Landschaft kann wütend aussehen, aber sie hat mit neugierig geformten Stern- und Hirnkorallen, sowie Fass, Mammillaria und anderen gefleckt Arten von Kakteen.
Beobachten Sie die gewundenen Spuren von Gespenstkrebs und Boden Eidechsen sind offensichtlich in den Sand, während braune Boobies über Kopf steigen. Wie Sie die Kalksteinfelsen betrachten, kommt die unbewohnte (noch privat geführte) Scrub Island, ein wichtiges Vogelschutzgebiet, in Sicht.
Am späten Nachmittag ist, wenn Sie ein Paar Fernglas oder ein Spotting-Bereich und Kopf auf die Insel Brackwasser Teiche greifen wollen.
Auf dem Teich bei Mimi Bay, positionieren Sie sich entlang der Küste, wo, jenseits der üppigen Knopfholz Mangrove Laub, grüne Leguane können entdeckt werden Schwimmen. Vogelgespräche sind in Hülle und Fülle, wie sind die Sichtungen der blauen geflügelten Knickenten, gemeinsame Moore und schwarze Halsstollen.
Die Vogelbeobachtungsmöglichkeiten sind bei East End Pond nicht weniger aufregend, obwohl es buchstäblich neben einer belebten Straße steht. Das sandige Ufer ist mit winzigen Löchern übersät, wo der Geiger krabbelt in und aus, während der große Teich selbst von unzähligen Arten bevölkert wird, wie z. B. amerikanische Wurzelküken, kleinere Gelbbeine und weiße Wangenspießen.
Cheddie Richardson fertigt seit rund 30 Jahren Skulpturen aus Treibholz. Ursprünglich beruhte er sich auf schwarzem Mahagoni und rotem Zedernholz, der selbst gelehrte Künstler importiert nun Holz aus Südamerika zu Modestücken, die Aalen, Kolibris und anderen lokalen Kreaturen ähneln, sowie abstrakte Arbeiten, meist in Zedernholz, die sich auf Sandstrahlen verteilen das Getreide.
AtDriftwood Haven, sein Laden und Atelier, er arbeitet auch mit Korallen und Seestrahl, der ein marmorartiges Aussehen hat. Holz bestimmt, was es werden wird, sagt Richardson. Sehen Sie ein Bild im Holz so, wie Sie Bilder in Wolken sehen könnten. Home baseparadise
Die Gäste sind nicht nach Las Esquinas gezogen, eine weiß gewaschene Boutique B Little Harbour, für ihre kleine Wanderung. Stattdessen kommen sie für die ruhige Aura, die ganze Stelle scheint zu strahlen. In Las Esquinas, ahammock Sways im Hof, hausgemachte Kokosnuss-Chips sind für Happy Hour, und Besitzer Robin Ogilvie ist immer verfügbar, um eine Karte zu entfalten und zeigen die Insel versteckte Schätze.
Jedes der vier einzigartig eingerichteten Zimmer transportiert Sie zu DestinationenOgilvie, ein Designer und gebürtiger Kanada, hat entweder gelebt oder besucht: Marokko, Bali, Mexiko und das Mittelmeer. Hängen Sie sich neben dem Pool bei Sonnenuntergang und vielleicht sehen Sie Kolibris, die unter den Blüten der bunten Fasskakteen flitzen.
Die meisten Besucher zuAnguillaare schauen, um ernsthaftes shoretime zu protokollieren. Um sicher zu sein, sind die winzigen karibischen Inselstrände mit ihren reinen weißen Schwaden aus zerkleinertem Korallensand schwer zu widerstehen. Aber es gibt weit mehr zu diesem tropischen Paradies der Kleinen Antillen als Surf und Sonne.
Hier sind acht Wege, um über den Strand hinauszugehen:
1. Dann in die Chill Vibe, dank einem Wochenende DJ Spinnerei eine Mischung aus Karibik und Poptunen.
Für einen ganz anderen Satz von leckeren Entscheidungen, versuchen Sie Hungry ein Essen vanwitha verpflichtet folgend.
Abgesehen von dem Versuch und erfinderischen Array von köstlichen Quesadillas (wo sonst können Sie Roastbeef und geräucherter Lachs als Füllstoffe finden), werden hungrige Suppen (Favoriten wie Hummer und Mais sowie Conch) von Einheimischen und Besuchern gleichermaßen geschliffen. In Bezug auf die faszinierend genannte Fußsuppe, wie mein Führer bemerkte, was es heißt, ist es. Niedrige Schlüsselhöhle.
Eine Kolonie von Antillean Obst essen Fledermäuse (sie essen auch Insekten) befindet sich in Cavanaugh Cave. Am Eingang, drückte an einem riesigen Felsblock vorbei, der während eines jüngsten Hurrikans stolperte, um einen Innenraum zu finden, der mit einer Reihe von natürlichen Torbogen geschmückt war.
Über deinem Kopf, Stalaktiten jut von der 30 Fuß hohen Decke, wo Fledermäuse in isolierten Höhlen hängen. Ihre Präsenz bekannt durch quietschende Klänge, mehrere hundert Fledermäuse gruppieren sich in einer herzförmigen Depression an einer Wand.
Thrill-Sucher sind bekannt, um die exponierten Wurzeln eines steigenden Feigenbaums zu verwenden, um eine 20-Fuß-Kluft herabzusteigen. (Von dort verzweigt sich die Höhle in vier Richtungen).
Anguilla kann auch erkundet werden, indem Sie sich für eine Botanik-Tour mit dem Anguilla National Trust, eine Organisation mit dem Schutz der Insel natürliche Ressourcen und die Förderung ihrer kulturellen Erbe.
Der Naturalist Oliver Hodge hat eine enzyklopädische Kenntnis der medizinischen und kulturellen Verwendungen der anguillaischen Pflanzen.
Trek mit ihm entlang einer der Insel viele Naturpfade und Sie kommen mit Einblick in, wie die Einheimischen brauen hausgemachte Tees von der Putz-Rubdown-Pflanze (um eine Erkältung und Fieber zu behandeln) und weißen Terpentin Baum Blätter (um Blasenprobleme zu beheben).
Hodge erklärt auch, wie man das Blatt des Widder-Ziegenbusches zu den Zahnschmerzen zermalmt oder die Rinde der weißen Zeder, die Inselpflanze, kratzt, um die Wundheilung zu nutzen. Auch wenn du irgendwelche Leiden leidest, kommst du fühlte dich entspannt und erfrischt.
Von deinem Tisch bei De Cuisine gibt es keinen Strand in Sicht. Und das ist der Weg Mann und Frau Inhaber Denise Carr der Restaurant Chef und Joash Proctor wollte es. Sollte alles über das Essen, nicht die Ansichten, sagte Proctor mir.
Alles auf der saisonalen und lokal gesammelten Speisekarte ist kreativ, beginnend mit den Vorspeisen, wie die warmen Krebse mit gerösteten Paprika und Avocado-Salat serviert. Und da Deniseis auch ein bildender Künstler ist, profitiert der unprätentiöse Raum von dem Einfluß ihres eklektischen Geschmacks; Die Wände sind geschmückt, die aus Kokosnussbaumfasern gefertigt sind, gemalte königliche Palmwedel und Kupferrohre.
Hibernia Restaurantdoubles als Kunstgalerie. Nach dem Abendessen halt man bei der Nebengebäude an den Speisesaal, um die Gemälde, die Skulptur, die Schmucksachen und die Tapisserien zu schneiden, wobei die Besitzer im Laufe ihrer umfangreichen Reisen durch Asien abgeholt wurden. Die Gerichte werden im französischen Stil mit thailändischem und japanischem Flair zubereitet. Fall in Punkt: Wahoo gewürzt mit Shio Koji und serviert mit Kimchi Reis. Don vermisse das hausgemachte Eis, einschließlich der viel verleumdeten aber würzigen Durian Obst.
Anguilla Ostseite scheinen eine andere Insel insgesamt: windiger und trockener. Das Pflanzenleben, von der Frangipani bis zur Seetraube, wird wegen der nahezu konstanten Brise, die dieser Küste ausgesetzt ist, verkümmert.
Nach dem Fahren entlang eines Netzes von Rutted Dirt Straßen, Park und Wanderung zu Windward Point. (Tip: Bring einen Spazierstock Die Point Rugged Oberfläche ist mit scharfen Kalkstein bedeckt, der mit Löchern und Risse bestückt ist.) Die Landschaft kann wütend aussehen, aber sie hat mit neugierig geformten Stern- und Hirnkorallen, sowie Fass, Mammillaria und anderen gefleckt Arten von Kakteen.
Beobachten Sie die gewundenen Spuren von Gespenstkrebs und Boden Eidechsen sind offensichtlich in den Sand, während braune Boobies über Kopf steigen. Wie Sie die Kalksteinfelsen betrachten, kommt die unbewohnte (noch privat geführte) Scrub Island, ein wichtiges Vogelschutzgebiet, in Sicht.
Am späten Nachmittag ist, wenn Sie ein Paar Fernglas oder ein Spotting-Bereich und Kopf auf die Insel Brackwasser Teiche greifen wollen.
Auf dem Teich bei Mimi Bay, positionieren Sie sich entlang der Küste, wo, jenseits der üppigen Knopfholz Mangrove Laub, grüne Leguane können entdeckt werden Schwimmen. Vogelgespräche sind in Hülle und Fülle, wie sind die Sichtungen der blauen geflügelten Knickenten, gemeinsame Moore und schwarze Halsstollen.
Die Vogelbeobachtungsmöglichkeiten sind bei East End Pond nicht weniger aufregend, obwohl es buchstäblich neben einer belebten Straße steht. Das sandige Ufer ist mit winzigen Löchern übersät, wo der Geiger krabbelt in und aus, während der große Teich selbst von unzähligen Arten bevölkert wird, wie z. B. amerikanische Wurzelküken, kleinere Gelbbeine und weiße Wangenspießen.
Cheddie Richardson fertigt seit rund 30 Jahren Skulpturen aus Treibholz. Ursprünglich beruhte er sich auf schwarzem Mahagoni und rotem Zedernholz, der selbst gelehrte Künstler importiert nun Holz aus Südamerika zu Modestücken, die Aalen, Kolibris und anderen lokalen Kreaturen ähneln, sowie abstrakte Arbeiten, meist in Zedernholz, die sich auf Sandstrahlen verteilen das Getreide.
AtDriftwood Haven, sein Laden und Atelier, er arbeitet auch mit Korallen und Seestrahl, der ein marmorartiges Aussehen hat. Holz bestimmt, was es werden wird, sagt Richardson. Sehen Sie ein Bild im Holz so, wie Sie Bilder in Wolken sehen könnten. Home baseparadise
Die Gäste sind nicht nach Las Esquinas gezogen, eine weiß gewaschene Boutique B Little Harbour, für ihre kleine Wanderung. Stattdessen kommen sie für die ruhige Aura, die ganze Stelle scheint zu strahlen. In Las Esquinas, ahammock Sways im Hof, hausgemachte Kokosnuss-Chips sind für Happy Hour, und Besitzer Robin Ogilvie ist immer verfügbar, um eine Karte zu entfalten und zeigen die Insel versteckte Schätze.
Jedes der vier einzigartig eingerichteten Zimmer transportiert Sie zu DestinationenOgilvie, ein Designer und gebürtiger Kanada, hat entweder gelebt oder besucht: Marokko, Bali, Mexiko und das Mittelmeer. Hängen Sie sich neben dem Pool bei Sonnenuntergang und vielleicht sehen Sie Kolibris, die unter den Blüten der bunten Fasskakteen flitzen.
Technology The Future
Technological advancement in the 21st century has seen an explosion in growth unlike any other point in human history all brought on by the use of tech that is constantly upgrading and that always leads the way for the next generation. We can expect that almost every 2 years, the rate at which our technologies replica van cleef and arpels turquoise alhambra necklace advance nearly doubles in comparison to the previous 2 years! Something that many big names in replica mother of pearl van cleef necklace the science world claim will not slow down, and will transform the way humans live sooner than you think. With technology on the way that is built into the fibers of your clothing, you will be able to monitor your health through your mobile devices. Your refrigerator will soon recognize your inventory, automatically create lists of things you may need soon, and even order groceries without you even having to lift a finger. Televisions will soon become hubs of communication and connectivity, feeding you information from your phones, emails, and social networks. All of these things will also connect to one another wirelessly and create a local network controllable by almost any device in your home.
Cars are becoming intelligent computers as they are embraced by the age of information. The day is near when our vehicles will begin to drive themselves while constantly speaking to other cars on the road, effectively reducing traffic, accidents, and commute time. If you have ever dreamed of being driven from home to work and back every day, your wish may be coming true very soon. Even your eye glasses will soon be computerized giving you access to information such as location, alerts, and directions. With computers becoming a more and more human interface, we can expect to see their integration into almost all aspects of human life.
Credit: 20th century foxCredit: 20th century fox
It been long predicted that humanity will one day reach a point in which it will have the knowledge to create artificial intelligences also known as AIs. These AIs will be used in many aspects of society. They will assist you in your daily errands, help you organize your life, even become your friends and companions. Some argue that one day the line between these AIs and humanity will all but blur, leaving one to speculate humans could potentially merge with the very technology it creates, pushing us into a new form of evolution.
AIs will not have the limit of human brains and will far surpass the intelligence of humanity. This is something that many believe could either be the fall of the human race or it ascension. These AIs will be able to solve almost every problem humanity faces, giving us the power to actualize things like more effective space travel, alternative energy solutions, and possibly even the nature of existence. The possibilites are endless in what these super intelligences could help humanity understand better, leading the way for a new age of super information.
NanotechnologyThe field of nanotechnology is starting to become one of the fastest growing in science. The implications of being able to control nano sized computers will be far reaching, effecting life at its very core. Nanotechnology will be able to cure all diseases, reverse the aging process, and even change matter into almost anything imaginable.
Gone will be the days of cancer and other life threatening sicknesses that have plagued humanity for so long. This technology will be able to cure hunger, restore nature, and even implant information directly into your brain. Nano sized transmitters will be able to read your thoughts and link them to others, or even upload them to your computer. One day you will even be able to use this technology to create paintings that will seem as 3 dimensional holographic images, creating new and exciting forms of art.
There are unlimited uses for this branch of technology and it's integration into human culture will forever change the way humans live.
The Future BeyondMany argue that science fiction usually leads up to a day where it becomes science fact. It can appear that we as a society are becoming more aware of the potential these technologies have in terms of changing the way we live. It also important to be aware of the negative implications that could one day be the consequence of technology that begins to supersede the natural world and its influence van cleef and arpels fake butterfly necklace on humanity. Becoming too dependent on any technology is dangerous and it can be all too easy to become detached a world of constant connectivity.
It may very well be that humans using technology will one day transcend their biology, inhabit other star systems, or even find the answers to the most unknown questions known to mankind. What the future holds for us is always uncertain, although, looking at our past we should always take with us the lessons brought on by our mistakes. We should proceed with caution as the technology of the future, in all its glittering beauty, will either make or break our brave new world.
Technological advancement in the 21st century has seen an explosion in growth unlike any other point in human history all brought on by the use of tech that is constantly upgrading and that always leads the way for the next generation. We can expect that almost every 2 years, the rate at which our technologies replica van cleef and arpels turquoise alhambra necklace advance nearly doubles in comparison to the previous 2 years! Something that many big names in replica mother of pearl van cleef necklace the science world claim will not slow down, and will transform the way humans live sooner than you think. With technology on the way that is built into the fibers of your clothing, you will be able to monitor your health through your mobile devices. Your refrigerator will soon recognize your inventory, automatically create lists of things you may need soon, and even order groceries without you even having to lift a finger. Televisions will soon become hubs of communication and connectivity, feeding you information from your phones, emails, and social networks. All of these things will also connect to one another wirelessly and create a local network controllable by almost any device in your home.
Cars are becoming intelligent computers as they are embraced by the age of information. The day is near when our vehicles will begin to drive themselves while constantly speaking to other cars on the road, effectively reducing traffic, accidents, and commute time. If you have ever dreamed of being driven from home to work and back every day, your wish may be coming true very soon. Even your eye glasses will soon be computerized giving you access to information such as location, alerts, and directions. With computers becoming a more and more human interface, we can expect to see their integration into almost all aspects of human life.
Credit: 20th century foxCredit: 20th century fox
It been long predicted that humanity will one day reach a point in which it will have the knowledge to create artificial intelligences also known as AIs. These AIs will be used in many aspects of society. They will assist you in your daily errands, help you organize your life, even become your friends and companions. Some argue that one day the line between these AIs and humanity will all but blur, leaving one to speculate humans could potentially merge with the very technology it creates, pushing us into a new form of evolution.
AIs will not have the limit of human brains and will far surpass the intelligence of humanity. This is something that many believe could either be the fall of the human race or it ascension. These AIs will be able to solve almost every problem humanity faces, giving us the power to actualize things like more effective space travel, alternative energy solutions, and possibly even the nature of existence. The possibilites are endless in what these super intelligences could help humanity understand better, leading the way for a new age of super information.
NanotechnologyThe field of nanotechnology is starting to become one of the fastest growing in science. The implications of being able to control nano sized computers will be far reaching, effecting life at its very core. Nanotechnology will be able to cure all diseases, reverse the aging process, and even change matter into almost anything imaginable.
Gone will be the days of cancer and other life threatening sicknesses that have plagued humanity for so long. This technology will be able to cure hunger, restore nature, and even implant information directly into your brain. Nano sized transmitters will be able to read your thoughts and link them to others, or even upload them to your computer. One day you will even be able to use this technology to create paintings that will seem as 3 dimensional holographic images, creating new and exciting forms of art.
There are unlimited uses for this branch of technology and it's integration into human culture will forever change the way humans live.
The Future BeyondMany argue that science fiction usually leads up to a day where it becomes science fact. It can appear that we as a society are becoming more aware of the potential these technologies have in terms of changing the way we live. It also important to be aware of the negative implications that could one day be the consequence of technology that begins to supersede the natural world and its influence van cleef and arpels fake butterfly necklace on humanity. Becoming too dependent on any technology is dangerous and it can be all too easy to become detached a world of constant connectivity.
It may very well be that humans using technology will one day transcend their biology, inhabit other star systems, or even find the answers to the most unknown questions known to mankind. What the future holds for us is always uncertain, although, looking at our past we should always take with us the lessons brought on by our mistakes. We should proceed with caution as the technology of the future, in all its glittering beauty, will either make or break our brave new world.
Furioso a H su foto scattate foto
Ho letto un post e ho appreso che H ha avvolto Beyonc curve per renderla più carina nei loro annunci. Ironia della sorte, il CEO di H Karl Johan Persson ha appena ammesso che H sta utilizzando modelli troppo sottili e riconosce il problema dell'anoressia. Ecco cosa ha detto:
Alcuni dei modelli che abbiamo avuto sono stati troppo magri. Questo è qualcosa di cui pensiamo molto e stiamo lavorando. Vogliamo mostrare la diversità nella nostra pubblicità e non dare alle persone l'impressione che le ragazze devono guardare in un modo particolare. In generale, credo che siamo riusciti: abbiamo molti diversi tipi di modelli di diverso background etnico. Nella nostra ultima campagna avevamo un modello un po 'più buxom, e ora abbiamo Beyonc, che è anche un po' curvilissimo. Credo che i modelli nella nostra pubblicità dovrebbero sembrare sani e sani.
Ci sono molte contraddizioni in ciò che dice e fa. Egli ammette di usare modelli che sono troppo magri e poi decide di dimostrare che utilizzando modelli curvier come Beyonc. Ma dopo aver usato Beyonc, un modello che non è carnoso come il resto, le sue curve sono sottoposte ad aria per renderla carnosa.
Beyonc troppo grasso per il corso di H, che ha reso la diva furiosa.
'Quando Beyonce scoprì che avevano modificato il modo in cui il suo corpo sembrava veramente, ha colpito il tetto.
'È una vera e propria diva e fu furiosa di essere stata data una tale snobba. La sua gente ha rifiutato di dare le immagini la luce verde così H sono stati costretti a utilizzare gli originali '.
Un ottimo lavoro a Beyoncfor, in piedi sul suo terreno e insistendo sul fatto che gli originali siano messi in piedi, perché qual è il punto di usare un modello a cui non sei contento?
Mr. Persson meglio iniziare a vivere fino alle sue parole di mantenere la diversità nella sua scelta di modelli per H
Airbrush, beyonc, furioso, h photoshop, immagini
Inserito sotto: Blogging
Data: 31 maggio 2013
Lo sai un problema quando attrici come Jennifer Lawrence dicono che a volte non riconoscono la persona sulla copertina di una rivista fino a quando non vedono il loro nome accanto alla foto.
È divertente che da una parte dello spettro che hai dicendo, sono donne così insicure circa il loro modo di guardare ?! (Tosse, colomba, tosse) e d'altra parte hai cose come questo succedendo. È ridicolo!
Non nega che la maggior parte delle persone, uomini e donne, voglia sembrare allettante, impegnativo, intelligente e qualcosa di diverso da altri. Facendo così, visitano centri di esercizi e centri termali, vanno in saloni di eccellenza e indossano indumenti da designer. Per quanto riguarda i capi di abbigliamento, veniamo a sapere che i vestiti assumono una parte indispensabile nella costruzione di tutta la personalità di un individuo. In questi giorni, il tessuto di qualità straordinaria viene utilizzato dalle aziende di abbigliamento mentre la gente sta optando per abiti intriganti come le parti usa e la mascella cadere bikini. Ci sono delle professioni distintive, ad esempio, la modellazione e l'agire, dove gli abiti hanno il proprio spazio particolare. In questo modo, la qualità ei disegni di abbigliamento diventano eccezionalmente convenienti per gli artisti e la modalità cotta calda
Negli antichi tempi i nostri predecessori hanno usato per avvolgere i loro corpi con cannucce e altre erbe accessibili, tuttavia oggi l'idea di abbigliamento ha subito un cambiamento specifico. Vari professioni richiedono stili di abbigliamento distintivo. Ad esempio, un nuotatore ha bisogno di indumenti alternativi di tessuto, mentre un'infermiera ha bisogno di costume dell'infermiera di qualità di Dio. Allo stesso modo, le riunioni sono andate a con parti spumeggianti indossa mentre a casa rimaniamo con indumenti leggeri. Alcune persone si appoggiano verso felice con l'abbigliamento, mentre alcuni favoriscono lo stile per il sollievo. Con tutto ciò che si tiene conto possiamo dire che le persone distinte hanno diverse inclinazioni per l'abbigliamento. Ci sono diverse aziende di abbigliamento che hanno fatto la loro presenza adeguata nel settore aziendale. Attualmente i clienti possono essenzialmente vedere un ambito di abbigliamento designer e acquistarli secondo le loro esigenze. Malgrado il fatto che ci siano diversi tipi di abbigliamento nel settore aziendale che offrono vestiti caldi e sexy, tuttavia Juliana Shopping è la migliore fra tutti, poiché ti offre costumi e abiti sexy a spese eccezionali. L'azienda offre vari tipi di abiti da donna tra cui costumi di animale, bambolette all'ingrosso, costumi da polso, costumi da cartone animato, biancheria intima, biancheria intima senza saldatura, usura da nuoto, accessori e molto altro a costi molto ragionevoli.
L'azienda utilizza il tessuto di qualità migliore per fare alcuni abiti e costumi sexy di classe mondiale per le signore e le vende online a spese molto ragionevoli. L'azienda segue l'etica aziendale e preferisce la soddisfazione del cliente su qualsiasi altra cosa.
Ho letto un post e ho appreso che H ha avvolto Beyonc curve per renderla più carina nei loro annunci. Ironia della sorte, il CEO di H Karl Johan Persson ha appena ammesso che H sta utilizzando modelli troppo sottili e riconosce il problema dell'anoressia. Ecco cosa ha detto:
Alcuni dei modelli che abbiamo avuto sono stati troppo magri. Questo è qualcosa di cui pensiamo molto e stiamo lavorando. Vogliamo mostrare la diversità nella nostra pubblicità e non dare alle persone l'impressione che le ragazze devono guardare in un modo particolare. In generale, credo che siamo riusciti: abbiamo molti diversi tipi di modelli di diverso background etnico. Nella nostra ultima campagna avevamo un modello un po 'più buxom, e ora abbiamo Beyonc, che è anche un po' curvilissimo. Credo che i modelli nella nostra pubblicità dovrebbero sembrare sani e sani.
Ci sono molte contraddizioni in ciò che dice e fa. Egli ammette di usare modelli che sono troppo magri e poi decide di dimostrare che utilizzando modelli curvier come Beyonc. Ma dopo aver usato Beyonc, un modello che non è carnoso come il resto, le sue curve sono sottoposte ad aria per renderla carnosa.
Beyonc troppo grasso per il corso di H, che ha reso la diva furiosa.
'Quando Beyonce scoprì che avevano modificato il modo in cui il suo corpo sembrava veramente, ha colpito il tetto.
'È una vera e propria diva e fu furiosa di essere stata data una tale snobba. La sua gente ha rifiutato di dare le immagini la luce verde così H sono stati costretti a utilizzare gli originali '.
Un ottimo lavoro a Beyoncfor, in piedi sul suo terreno e insistendo sul fatto che gli originali siano messi in piedi, perché qual è il punto di usare un modello a cui non sei contento?
Mr. Persson meglio iniziare a vivere fino alle sue parole di mantenere la diversità nella sua scelta di modelli per H
Airbrush, beyonc, furioso, h photoshop, immagini
Inserito sotto: Blogging
Data: 31 maggio 2013
Lo sai un problema quando attrici come Jennifer Lawrence dicono che a volte non riconoscono la persona sulla copertina di una rivista fino a quando non vedono il loro nome accanto alla foto.
È divertente che da una parte dello spettro che hai dicendo, sono donne così insicure circa il loro modo di guardare ?! (Tosse, colomba, tosse) e d'altra parte hai cose come questo succedendo. È ridicolo!
Non nega che la maggior parte delle persone, uomini e donne, voglia sembrare allettante, impegnativo, intelligente e qualcosa di diverso da altri. Facendo così, visitano centri di esercizi e centri termali, vanno in saloni di eccellenza e indossano indumenti da designer. Per quanto riguarda i capi di abbigliamento, veniamo a sapere che i vestiti assumono una parte indispensabile nella costruzione di tutta la personalità di un individuo. In questi giorni, il tessuto di qualità straordinaria viene utilizzato dalle aziende di abbigliamento mentre la gente sta optando per abiti intriganti come le parti usa e la mascella cadere bikini. Ci sono delle professioni distintive, ad esempio, la modellazione e l'agire, dove gli abiti hanno il proprio spazio particolare. In questo modo, la qualità ei disegni di abbigliamento diventano eccezionalmente convenienti per gli artisti e la modalità cotta calda
Negli antichi tempi i nostri predecessori hanno usato per avvolgere i loro corpi con cannucce e altre erbe accessibili, tuttavia oggi l'idea di abbigliamento ha subito un cambiamento specifico. Vari professioni richiedono stili di abbigliamento distintivo. Ad esempio, un nuotatore ha bisogno di indumenti alternativi di tessuto, mentre un'infermiera ha bisogno di costume dell'infermiera di qualità di Dio. Allo stesso modo, le riunioni sono andate a con parti spumeggianti indossa mentre a casa rimaniamo con indumenti leggeri. Alcune persone si appoggiano verso felice con l'abbigliamento, mentre alcuni favoriscono lo stile per il sollievo. Con tutto ciò che si tiene conto possiamo dire che le persone distinte hanno diverse inclinazioni per l'abbigliamento. Ci sono diverse aziende di abbigliamento che hanno fatto la loro presenza adeguata nel settore aziendale. Attualmente i clienti possono essenzialmente vedere un ambito di abbigliamento designer e acquistarli secondo le loro esigenze. Malgrado il fatto che ci siano diversi tipi di abbigliamento nel settore aziendale che offrono vestiti caldi e sexy, tuttavia Juliana Shopping è la migliore fra tutti, poiché ti offre costumi e abiti sexy a spese eccezionali. L'azienda offre vari tipi di abiti da donna tra cui costumi di animale, bambolette all'ingrosso, costumi da polso, costumi da cartone animato, biancheria intima, biancheria intima senza saldatura, usura da nuoto, accessori e molto altro a costi molto ragionevoli.
L'azienda utilizza il tessuto di qualità migliore per fare alcuni abiti e costumi sexy di classe mondiale per le signore e le vende online a spese molto ragionevoli. L'azienda segue l'etica aziendale e preferisce la soddisfazione del cliente su qualsiasi altra cosa.
where does Davies go
Like winter turning to spring, the Whitecaps are now in the second phase of their pre season, moving their base, again, to Portland. This is the fourth year in a row that the Caps have rounded off their pre season prep in the Rose City.
Thursday, they take on the expansion Minnesota United. Sunday, it Real Salt Lake. And next Wednesday, they play the host Timbers.
Then it just a week until the season opener, the first leg of their CONCACAF Champions League quarter final series with the New York Red Bulls. That at Red Bull Arena in New Jersey.
Their Welsh trip was about up to speed sooner, given the season starts two weeks earlier than most of their competition, Caps manager Carl Robinson said this week before the team left wintry Vancouver for rainy Portland.
don think you see two teams 100 per cent full fit, he said of the series with NYRB. that the way the dates are in CONCACAF. with all that in mind, three things to consider about the Caps with two weeks to go until that Big Apple trip:
More than anything, this is the question pressing on every fan mind. The overarching sentiment is the money. No manager, presented with a player whose best asset is finding the net, is going to say thanks without a moment reflection.
So. of course. he leaving the door open. But the fact also remains there doesn appear to be a big signing Hermes belt replica france on the horizon, though the gaffer also said, I just can tell you when. that mean June? Robinson didn say, but he did suggest whatever move he hoping to make is contingent on other teams, and agents, and a long list of other aggravations.
For now, this means Erik Hurtado in the role he filled for much of last year: hard work and hustle as a quick, sort of target man. Late summer was a nightmare for finishing for Hurtado, but he had a sack load of chances. Given a second chance at those, would he end up with a couple of goals? Maybe. Possibly.
In the three exhibition friendlies the Caps played in Wales, Kekuta Manneh saw plenty of time as a second striker. Playing up top is something we seen from time to time since he first joined the Caps in 2013. The bone break in his right foot suffered in July was a big contributor to the Caps collapse in form in the second half. He scored five times in 17 games at that point, on course to set a career high in goals (he scored sevenin 2015). A healthy Manneh surely means a lot to this offence. Is it that simple?
The other man in the mix is Giles Barnes. He showed well in spurts, but didn score till the season final weekend. He never been an elite scorer, but he does have a nose for the net.
Is Alphonso Davies an almost finished product or is he going to just get better and better and better?
He just 16. He already shown he can play against men. Can he push past above average into elite?
Be wary of the early maturing player. Sure, Wayne Rooney was a vital contributor to Everton at about the same age.
There the third track, in between those two, where Davies carries on as he been, a fun player, with fun moments, but not an out and out superstar.
What clear is Robinson is ready to give the teen plenty of looks this year.
saw a terrific talent last year and I think he ready to contribute this year. (His development) has been very good, very strong. You can see what his attributes are about. He a very, very fit boy, the coach told the MLS website last week.
Will Sheanon Williams bring the stability the club had at right back in Steven Beitashour?
After the double misfire at right back in 2016 with Fraser Aird and Jordan Smith, Robinson acknowledged this week what he thinks his new right back needs to be.
The coach directly cited Steven Beitashour hermes men belt replica as the man Williams is replacing. He wants a reliable defender at right back.
liken him (Williams) to a Jordan Harvey type right back, Robinson said. a fighter, he one that you needin your corner. epaper, Digital Access, Subscriber Rewards), please input your Print Newspaper subscription phone number and postal code.
{ addressPostalCode }
By clicking "Create Account", I hearby grant permission to Postmedia to use my account Hermes belt replica paris information to create my account.
I also accept and agree to be bound by Postmedia's Terms and Conditions with respect to my use of the Site and I have read and understand Postmedia's Privacy Statement. epaper, Digital Access, Subscriber Rewards), please input your Print hermes brown belt imitation Newspaper subscription phone number and postal code.
Like winter turning to spring, the Whitecaps are now in the second phase of their pre season, moving their base, again, to Portland. This is the fourth year in a row that the Caps have rounded off their pre season prep in the Rose City.
Thursday, they take on the expansion Minnesota United. Sunday, it Real Salt Lake. And next Wednesday, they play the host Timbers.
Then it just a week until the season opener, the first leg of their CONCACAF Champions League quarter final series with the New York Red Bulls. That at Red Bull Arena in New Jersey.
Their Welsh trip was about up to speed sooner, given the season starts two weeks earlier than most of their competition, Caps manager Carl Robinson said this week before the team left wintry Vancouver for rainy Portland.
don think you see two teams 100 per cent full fit, he said of the series with NYRB. that the way the dates are in CONCACAF. with all that in mind, three things to consider about the Caps with two weeks to go until that Big Apple trip:
More than anything, this is the question pressing on every fan mind. The overarching sentiment is the money. No manager, presented with a player whose best asset is finding the net, is going to say thanks without a moment reflection.
So. of course. he leaving the door open. But the fact also remains there doesn appear to be a big signing Hermes belt replica france on the horizon, though the gaffer also said, I just can tell you when. that mean June? Robinson didn say, but he did suggest whatever move he hoping to make is contingent on other teams, and agents, and a long list of other aggravations.
For now, this means Erik Hurtado in the role he filled for much of last year: hard work and hustle as a quick, sort of target man. Late summer was a nightmare for finishing for Hurtado, but he had a sack load of chances. Given a second chance at those, would he end up with a couple of goals? Maybe. Possibly.
In the three exhibition friendlies the Caps played in Wales, Kekuta Manneh saw plenty of time as a second striker. Playing up top is something we seen from time to time since he first joined the Caps in 2013. The bone break in his right foot suffered in July was a big contributor to the Caps collapse in form in the second half. He scored five times in 17 games at that point, on course to set a career high in goals (he scored sevenin 2015). A healthy Manneh surely means a lot to this offence. Is it that simple?
The other man in the mix is Giles Barnes. He showed well in spurts, but didn score till the season final weekend. He never been an elite scorer, but he does have a nose for the net.
Is Alphonso Davies an almost finished product or is he going to just get better and better and better?
He just 16. He already shown he can play against men. Can he push past above average into elite?
Be wary of the early maturing player. Sure, Wayne Rooney was a vital contributor to Everton at about the same age.
There the third track, in between those two, where Davies carries on as he been, a fun player, with fun moments, but not an out and out superstar.
What clear is Robinson is ready to give the teen plenty of looks this year.
saw a terrific talent last year and I think he ready to contribute this year. (His development) has been very good, very strong. You can see what his attributes are about. He a very, very fit boy, the coach told the MLS website last week.
Will Sheanon Williams bring the stability the club had at right back in Steven Beitashour?
After the double misfire at right back in 2016 with Fraser Aird and Jordan Smith, Robinson acknowledged this week what he thinks his new right back needs to be.
The coach directly cited Steven Beitashour hermes men belt replica as the man Williams is replacing. He wants a reliable defender at right back.
liken him (Williams) to a Jordan Harvey type right back, Robinson said. a fighter, he one that you needin your corner. epaper, Digital Access, Subscriber Rewards), please input your Print Newspaper subscription phone number and postal code.
{ addressPostalCode }
By clicking "Create Account", I hearby grant permission to Postmedia to use my account Hermes belt replica paris information to create my account.
I also accept and agree to be bound by Postmedia's Terms and Conditions with respect to my use of the Site and I have read and understand Postmedia's Privacy Statement. epaper, Digital Access, Subscriber Rewards), please input your Print hermes brown belt imitation Newspaper subscription phone number and postal code.
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Who will win Paris
Not the longest race on the calendar, nor is it a race that contains the most common obstacle in cycling, hills. The profile is as flat as a pool table and the biggest climb the winner will do is to the top Hermes replica belt paris of the podium in the Roubaix velodrome.
Instead, the challenge of the race arises from navigating the big chunks of rock which are roughly configured into a set up resembling a road. Some bigger riders simply slog their way over the cobbles, keeping their weight forward as they maintain an inexorable momentum towards Roubaix. Others seemingly float over the obstacles, adjusting to each section of the road. The unlucky ones seem to hit every leading edge, find every rut and look like they're working the jackhammer fake hermes black belt at a construction site.
This year the race will be run over 257 kilometres in dry conditions. Whilst a wet edition would ensure mud and carnage, a dry one spells the problem of the suffocating dust being kicked by riders and team cars. The wind may be a little disappointing to those looking for an especially hard edition of Roubaix, only a light southerly is fake hermes mens belt predicted at present which will be a tailwind for most of the day. That's better news than a headwind though and the race route turns at points so that the wind will change to a crosswind that has the potential to cause major splits in a tired peloton.
It is a different type of rider wins here, one with almost endless reserves of stamina that can go with the ninth acceleration of the day over the hardest cobbled sectors and still have enough in the tank to drop the rest before the finish. It need not be a favourite, or even a rider that has won much before. Consider past winners Mat Hayman (2016), Johan Van Summeren (2011) and Stuart O'Grady (2007). Hayman has only had three professional wins in his entire career, the same was true of Johan van Summeren (AG2R La Mondiale) and Stuart O'Grady was well past the stage where he was one of the best sprinters around, he was thoroughly a domestique at that stage of his career.
It is a race where the men lumped with the hard work in the peloton day in and day out get their one shot in the year to win. Their dour styles help them stick in over the rough cobbles of the farm roads of Northern France, they bump the prima donnas of the sport out of their way as they get a rare sniff of victory. So who fits the bill as a workhorse that can take down the big names?
Mat Hayman (Orica Scott) will be on very few people's favourites list despite winning last year, certainly the other teams won't let him go in the break this time. Nonetheless, he showed that he could be as strong as anyone at the end of 250 kilometres and the Aussie veteran isn't going there to make up the numbers. After famously doing all of his preparation on the home trainer last season, Hayman has had a more conventional racing approach this time and is one of the most experienced riders at the race. At very least his responsibility will be to combine with fellow Australian Luke Durbridge, Magnus Cort Nielsen and Jens Keukeliere in what is a dangerous Orica Scott line up. Flamboyant world champion PeterSagan(Bora Hansgrohe) is of course a favourite in any race he enters, but his hard fall in the Tour of Flanders seemed to shake him up and he was a bit more timid than normal at the mid week Scheldeprijs. It is also one of the few races where Sagan doesn't have a great history. His best finish is sixth, his only top ten placing and he's come off a long, tiring block of racing to get to this point. If the Slovak is ever vulnerable, this is the race where he might be exploited.
Greg van Avermaet(BMC) is clearly in career best form at the moment. After completed an unprecedented triple at E3, Omloop and Gent Wevelgem, the Belgian was an extremely strong second at the Tour of Flanders. Picking himself up quickly from the crash that ensured that there would be no catching runaway winner Philippe Gilbert, van Avermaet then had to do the lion's share of the pace making to try and catch the leader. That he had enough to beat Niki Terpstra (QuickStep Floors), who had been sitting on for 11 kilometres, in the sprint for second shows the other level that van Avermaet is currently occupying. His team will be a lot better suited to Paris Roubaix than Flanders and there should be less chance of a repeat of last weekend.
QuickStep Floors come into the race with their normal smorgasbord of options for the win. Heading the list is Tom Boonen, who will be aiming for a record fifth win at the 'Hell of the North'. It would cap off what has been a stellar career for the hard man from Belgium and certainly a 'Tommeke' win will please a lot of fans. He's in the form to do it as well, he's been present at the front in recent racing and no one is better than him at negotiating the pave in Roubaix.
His 'support' cast includes 2014 winner Niki Terpstra, former second place finisher Zdenek Stybar, Dwars dor Vlaanderen winner Yves Lampaert and Matteo Trentin. Each would lead almost any other team, but they will use their numbers to their advantage here, as they did successfully at Flanders. Look for the team in blue to consistently be at the front when the whips are cracking and trying to exploit their numbers to force others onto the back foot.
Whilst many paint Boonen's story as the fairytale win to see him walk off into the sunset, the real uplifting winner would be John Degenkolb (Trek Segafredo). A horrific accident at a 2016 training camp in Spain saw him and a large portion of his team taken out by a head on collision with a car, with Degenkolb suffering multiple injuries and almost losing a finger in the process. He was a shadow of himself when he returned on the bike much later in the year but he has rebuilt his form and now looks at the top of his game again.
His 2015 win was memorable for its strength, he powered solo across a gap hermes men belt replica to a dangerous attack and then looked assured as he countered all the moves before convincingly winning the sprint in the Roubaix velodrome. The harder the race is, the better the big German stands a chance of winning and he'll back himself in a sprint against anyone else likely to make the finish.
The Katusha pair of Alexander Kristoff and Tony Martin will be the jokers in the race. Nobody doubts Kristoff's ability in these tough races, but the fact remains that he has a poor history at Paris Roubaix despite seeming well suited. Martin announced at the start of the season that he would be targeting the cobbled races this year but not much has eventuated from that focus yet. He definitely has the motor but is yet to showcase the technique or stamina over the really long races to challenge for the win.
Oliver Naesen (AG2R La Mondiale) is the last name to raise as a potential winner. The second year World Tour pro has come on leaps and bounds in his short career, taking it to the established favourites. He's arguably the revelation of the season to this point. His performances in recent races in particular has been superb, he has only been outside the top ten twice in his six cobbled races this year and at Flanders he was just as strong as Sagan and van Avermaet. 13th last year at Paris Roubaix is just an appetiser what the talented Belgian rider will achieve at this race, though he will need to arrive solo as his sprint is nothing to write home about.
The fact is, the field of potential winners is so large that, for the sake of brevity, there's quite a few names worthy of mention that didn't make the cut here. The beauty of Paris Roubaix is that there will always be surprises. For anyone who marvelled over Hayman's heroics last year, you'll know that Paris Roubaix is just that little bit more special than most races and a new chapter will enter the history books this Sunday.
Not the longest race on the calendar, nor is it a race that contains the most common obstacle in cycling, hills. The profile is as flat as a pool table and the biggest climb the winner will do is to the top Hermes replica belt paris of the podium in the Roubaix velodrome.
Instead, the challenge of the race arises from navigating the big chunks of rock which are roughly configured into a set up resembling a road. Some bigger riders simply slog their way over the cobbles, keeping their weight forward as they maintain an inexorable momentum towards Roubaix. Others seemingly float over the obstacles, adjusting to each section of the road. The unlucky ones seem to hit every leading edge, find every rut and look like they're working the jackhammer fake hermes black belt at a construction site.
This year the race will be run over 257 kilometres in dry conditions. Whilst a wet edition would ensure mud and carnage, a dry one spells the problem of the suffocating dust being kicked by riders and team cars. The wind may be a little disappointing to those looking for an especially hard edition of Roubaix, only a light southerly is fake hermes mens belt predicted at present which will be a tailwind for most of the day. That's better news than a headwind though and the race route turns at points so that the wind will change to a crosswind that has the potential to cause major splits in a tired peloton.
It is a different type of rider wins here, one with almost endless reserves of stamina that can go with the ninth acceleration of the day over the hardest cobbled sectors and still have enough in the tank to drop the rest before the finish. It need not be a favourite, or even a rider that has won much before. Consider past winners Mat Hayman (2016), Johan Van Summeren (2011) and Stuart O'Grady (2007). Hayman has only had three professional wins in his entire career, the same was true of Johan van Summeren (AG2R La Mondiale) and Stuart O'Grady was well past the stage where he was one of the best sprinters around, he was thoroughly a domestique at that stage of his career.
It is a race where the men lumped with the hard work in the peloton day in and day out get their one shot in the year to win. Their dour styles help them stick in over the rough cobbles of the farm roads of Northern France, they bump the prima donnas of the sport out of their way as they get a rare sniff of victory. So who fits the bill as a workhorse that can take down the big names?
Mat Hayman (Orica Scott) will be on very few people's favourites list despite winning last year, certainly the other teams won't let him go in the break this time. Nonetheless, he showed that he could be as strong as anyone at the end of 250 kilometres and the Aussie veteran isn't going there to make up the numbers. After famously doing all of his preparation on the home trainer last season, Hayman has had a more conventional racing approach this time and is one of the most experienced riders at the race. At very least his responsibility will be to combine with fellow Australian Luke Durbridge, Magnus Cort Nielsen and Jens Keukeliere in what is a dangerous Orica Scott line up. Flamboyant world champion PeterSagan(Bora Hansgrohe) is of course a favourite in any race he enters, but his hard fall in the Tour of Flanders seemed to shake him up and he was a bit more timid than normal at the mid week Scheldeprijs. It is also one of the few races where Sagan doesn't have a great history. His best finish is sixth, his only top ten placing and he's come off a long, tiring block of racing to get to this point. If the Slovak is ever vulnerable, this is the race where he might be exploited.
Greg van Avermaet(BMC) is clearly in career best form at the moment. After completed an unprecedented triple at E3, Omloop and Gent Wevelgem, the Belgian was an extremely strong second at the Tour of Flanders. Picking himself up quickly from the crash that ensured that there would be no catching runaway winner Philippe Gilbert, van Avermaet then had to do the lion's share of the pace making to try and catch the leader. That he had enough to beat Niki Terpstra (QuickStep Floors), who had been sitting on for 11 kilometres, in the sprint for second shows the other level that van Avermaet is currently occupying. His team will be a lot better suited to Paris Roubaix than Flanders and there should be less chance of a repeat of last weekend.
QuickStep Floors come into the race with their normal smorgasbord of options for the win. Heading the list is Tom Boonen, who will be aiming for a record fifth win at the 'Hell of the North'. It would cap off what has been a stellar career for the hard man from Belgium and certainly a 'Tommeke' win will please a lot of fans. He's in the form to do it as well, he's been present at the front in recent racing and no one is better than him at negotiating the pave in Roubaix.
His 'support' cast includes 2014 winner Niki Terpstra, former second place finisher Zdenek Stybar, Dwars dor Vlaanderen winner Yves Lampaert and Matteo Trentin. Each would lead almost any other team, but they will use their numbers to their advantage here, as they did successfully at Flanders. Look for the team in blue to consistently be at the front when the whips are cracking and trying to exploit their numbers to force others onto the back foot.
Whilst many paint Boonen's story as the fairytale win to see him walk off into the sunset, the real uplifting winner would be John Degenkolb (Trek Segafredo). A horrific accident at a 2016 training camp in Spain saw him and a large portion of his team taken out by a head on collision with a car, with Degenkolb suffering multiple injuries and almost losing a finger in the process. He was a shadow of himself when he returned on the bike much later in the year but he has rebuilt his form and now looks at the top of his game again.
His 2015 win was memorable for its strength, he powered solo across a gap hermes men belt replica to a dangerous attack and then looked assured as he countered all the moves before convincingly winning the sprint in the Roubaix velodrome. The harder the race is, the better the big German stands a chance of winning and he'll back himself in a sprint against anyone else likely to make the finish.
The Katusha pair of Alexander Kristoff and Tony Martin will be the jokers in the race. Nobody doubts Kristoff's ability in these tough races, but the fact remains that he has a poor history at Paris Roubaix despite seeming well suited. Martin announced at the start of the season that he would be targeting the cobbled races this year but not much has eventuated from that focus yet. He definitely has the motor but is yet to showcase the technique or stamina over the really long races to challenge for the win.
Oliver Naesen (AG2R La Mondiale) is the last name to raise as a potential winner. The second year World Tour pro has come on leaps and bounds in his short career, taking it to the established favourites. He's arguably the revelation of the season to this point. His performances in recent races in particular has been superb, he has only been outside the top ten twice in his six cobbled races this year and at Flanders he was just as strong as Sagan and van Avermaet. 13th last year at Paris Roubaix is just an appetiser what the talented Belgian rider will achieve at this race, though he will need to arrive solo as his sprint is nothing to write home about.
The fact is, the field of potential winners is so large that, for the sake of brevity, there's quite a few names worthy of mention that didn't make the cut here. The beauty of Paris Roubaix is that there will always be surprises. For anyone who marvelled over Hayman's heroics last year, you'll know that Paris Roubaix is just that little bit more special than most races and a new chapter will enter the history books this Sunday.
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Still Close With Their Ex
Think of all the former couples you know. Now think of the ones you know who have managed to remain friends. We're guessing you can count the number who are still close on one hand and even that seems like a stretch.
Yep, it's the rarefied pair who can maintain a civil relationship with one another after a marriage ends, so much so that when a couple does stay close think Courteney Cox and David Arquette we stand back in awe and wonder, "How'd they pull that one off?"
But it is possible. We asked our readers to tell us how they were able to put aside their differences and maintain a close bond with their exes after a split. Scroll down for six real life stories from women who are still friends with their exes, whether for the sake of the kids or out of respect for the love they once shared, then head to the comments and tell us what your relationship is like with your ex today.
"The beginning of my relationship with my ex husband was friendship. We graduated from high school together in 1985, had mutual friends and very similar experiences growing up in a small California town. We have deep connections and I think this is one reason why we are still close, besides the main reason: our beautiful children. We both love our girls. Our divorce did not change that. We want what is the very best for them. That meant redefining parenting. It meant supporting each other in our parenting decisions even if we didn't necessarily agree. It also meant continuing our friendship, showing affection and respect to one another, not just when the kids were around, but always." Mimi Hirstein, Hawaii
"Six years after a brutal divorce (the worst kind of bitter fighting, adultery, jail), my ex and I now live in different apartments in the same building. We talk or text about our kids every day; we travel together to gymnastic meets and hockey games; occasionally call the replica van cleef diamond bracelet other to talk about our romantic lives or personal worries; I even send up cooked meals sometimes. The other day I gave him the name and number of a trusted handyman, and with the contact I said, "Let him know we're family." Because we are, and we always will be.
Why? I'd say it comes down to two things: for me, the saying 'you're only as happy as your least happy child' also applies to my ex husband. If he's not happy, my kids won't be happy. And if my kids aren't happy, I can't be happy. He's a devoted father, and I want to honor that, both for him and for our children. They deserve to feel and know that we will all always love each other. And second: life is too precious to live with hatred. He and I have learned to forgive each other, and in doing that we came to forgive ourselves, and that's a hugely better place to be. You can't have too much love." Nina Collins, New York
"I've been divorced since 2002 but my ex and I have always maintained a close friendship. We were best friends throughout our marriage and even when we knew the marriage wasn't going to last, we didn't want to give up the friendship. We stay in touch primarily through text, but also talk on the phone and are friends on Facebook. We have dinner or lunch on occasion and still exchange Christmas gifts. We discuss current events, his kids, my kid, and the status of our relationships. If I'd ever get re married, he would be the one to give me away. All of this hasn't been easy at times and we had to work through the residual grief and anger of the divorce. But it's been worth it." Brenda Stone, North Carolina
"Don't get me wrong: It didn't start out this way. He walked out on me, with no warning, leaving me with bills, rent to pay and no job (I'm disabled). It took some time for me to forgive him and for my daughter to forgive him as well. But as time passed, we started to text each other, talking about the kids, or something funny we saw, and it just grew back into a friendship from there. Now he comes into the house to get our daughter and he helps me with things around the house. I think our friendship has helped our daughter get along with her dad a little better, too. I find being friends with him takes up a lot less energy than feeling that ache of hatred and anger." Krissy VanNest, New Hampshire
"I hope my ex will always be my friend. After the split, I never slandered or bad mouthed him to others, because I knew doing so would be hurtful, negative and unproductive to moving forward (though some unacceptable behavior did occur during our marriage). We both knew that the most important thing to us was our boys and they are the main reason we remain close. We share holidays and birthdays together. We discuss their expenses openly and calmly, and try to be fair with each other. We've even been able to talk about dating and girlfriends/boyfriends. Our children are happy, calm and have assimilated into our new lives incredibly well, with little drama and resentment. I am so happy that my ex and I are close, and truly couldn't imagine it being any other way!
The only piece of advice I would give to anyone considering divorce is to try to stay friends, for the sake of the kids, if nothing else." Julie Weidenfeld, Florida
"When my ex and I divorced, we both agreed that we would not use the children to get back at each other, and we never strayed from this even when we had a few rough patches. We still talked with each other as friends because we still had a lot in common and actually liked each other. We both remarried and eventually we started celebrating Christmas, Easter and all the birthdays together we thought that our little boy sweet alhambra bracelet fake should be with his siblings at such times, and we all liked each other's company anyway.
Two years ago my ex became very ill and eventually died. For a while he developed dementia and a couple of times I went to stay the day with him when his wife was working long shifts as a nurse and didn't want to leave him alone for too long. At the funeral, my husband, who is an amateur singer and guitarist, was asked to sing and play in the church. We have all felt very privileged to have this extended family and I only wish others could do the same. Of course, my ex and I were lucky that we actually still liked each other and knock off vca alhambra bracelet that there wasn't anyone else involved when we divorced, but we were also very lucky that our new partners were not the jealous types. I know this all sounds like a fairytale, but it is true." Ulla Jessen, Denmark
Think of all the former couples you know. Now think of the ones you know who have managed to remain friends. We're guessing you can count the number who are still close on one hand and even that seems like a stretch.
Yep, it's the rarefied pair who can maintain a civil relationship with one another after a marriage ends, so much so that when a couple does stay close think Courteney Cox and David Arquette we stand back in awe and wonder, "How'd they pull that one off?"
But it is possible. We asked our readers to tell us how they were able to put aside their differences and maintain a close bond with their exes after a split. Scroll down for six real life stories from women who are still friends with their exes, whether for the sake of the kids or out of respect for the love they once shared, then head to the comments and tell us what your relationship is like with your ex today.
"The beginning of my relationship with my ex husband was friendship. We graduated from high school together in 1985, had mutual friends and very similar experiences growing up in a small California town. We have deep connections and I think this is one reason why we are still close, besides the main reason: our beautiful children. We both love our girls. Our divorce did not change that. We want what is the very best for them. That meant redefining parenting. It meant supporting each other in our parenting decisions even if we didn't necessarily agree. It also meant continuing our friendship, showing affection and respect to one another, not just when the kids were around, but always." Mimi Hirstein, Hawaii
"Six years after a brutal divorce (the worst kind of bitter fighting, adultery, jail), my ex and I now live in different apartments in the same building. We talk or text about our kids every day; we travel together to gymnastic meets and hockey games; occasionally call the replica van cleef diamond bracelet other to talk about our romantic lives or personal worries; I even send up cooked meals sometimes. The other day I gave him the name and number of a trusted handyman, and with the contact I said, "Let him know we're family." Because we are, and we always will be.
Why? I'd say it comes down to two things: for me, the saying 'you're only as happy as your least happy child' also applies to my ex husband. If he's not happy, my kids won't be happy. And if my kids aren't happy, I can't be happy. He's a devoted father, and I want to honor that, both for him and for our children. They deserve to feel and know that we will all always love each other. And second: life is too precious to live with hatred. He and I have learned to forgive each other, and in doing that we came to forgive ourselves, and that's a hugely better place to be. You can't have too much love." Nina Collins, New York
"I've been divorced since 2002 but my ex and I have always maintained a close friendship. We were best friends throughout our marriage and even when we knew the marriage wasn't going to last, we didn't want to give up the friendship. We stay in touch primarily through text, but also talk on the phone and are friends on Facebook. We have dinner or lunch on occasion and still exchange Christmas gifts. We discuss current events, his kids, my kid, and the status of our relationships. If I'd ever get re married, he would be the one to give me away. All of this hasn't been easy at times and we had to work through the residual grief and anger of the divorce. But it's been worth it." Brenda Stone, North Carolina
"Don't get me wrong: It didn't start out this way. He walked out on me, with no warning, leaving me with bills, rent to pay and no job (I'm disabled). It took some time for me to forgive him and for my daughter to forgive him as well. But as time passed, we started to text each other, talking about the kids, or something funny we saw, and it just grew back into a friendship from there. Now he comes into the house to get our daughter and he helps me with things around the house. I think our friendship has helped our daughter get along with her dad a little better, too. I find being friends with him takes up a lot less energy than feeling that ache of hatred and anger." Krissy VanNest, New Hampshire
"I hope my ex will always be my friend. After the split, I never slandered or bad mouthed him to others, because I knew doing so would be hurtful, negative and unproductive to moving forward (though some unacceptable behavior did occur during our marriage). We both knew that the most important thing to us was our boys and they are the main reason we remain close. We share holidays and birthdays together. We discuss their expenses openly and calmly, and try to be fair with each other. We've even been able to talk about dating and girlfriends/boyfriends. Our children are happy, calm and have assimilated into our new lives incredibly well, with little drama and resentment. I am so happy that my ex and I are close, and truly couldn't imagine it being any other way!
The only piece of advice I would give to anyone considering divorce is to try to stay friends, for the sake of the kids, if nothing else." Julie Weidenfeld, Florida
"When my ex and I divorced, we both agreed that we would not use the children to get back at each other, and we never strayed from this even when we had a few rough patches. We still talked with each other as friends because we still had a lot in common and actually liked each other. We both remarried and eventually we started celebrating Christmas, Easter and all the birthdays together we thought that our little boy sweet alhambra bracelet fake should be with his siblings at such times, and we all liked each other's company anyway.
Two years ago my ex became very ill and eventually died. For a while he developed dementia and a couple of times I went to stay the day with him when his wife was working long shifts as a nurse and didn't want to leave him alone for too long. At the funeral, my husband, who is an amateur singer and guitarist, was asked to sing and play in the church. We have all felt very privileged to have this extended family and I only wish others could do the same. Of course, my ex and I were lucky that we actually still liked each other and knock off vca alhambra bracelet that there wasn't anyone else involved when we divorced, but we were also very lucky that our new partners were not the jealous types. I know this all sounds like a fairytale, but it is true." Ulla Jessen, Denmark
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Reliability and validity of measures taken during the Chester step test to predict aerobic power and to prescribe aerobic exercise
Objectives: To evaluate the reliability and validity of measures taken during the Chester step test (CST) used to predict VO2max and prescribe subsequent exercise.Methods: The CST was performed twice on separate days by 7 males and 6 females aged 22.4 (SD 4.6) years. Heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and oxygen uptake (VO2) were measured at each stage of the CST.Results: RPE, HR, and actual VO2 were the same at each stage for both trials but each of these measures was significantly different between CST stages (p2 at each CST stage during both trials showed errors ranging between 11% and 19%. Trial 1 underestimated actual VO2max by 2.8 ml/kg/min (p=0.006) and trial 2 by 1.6 ml/kg/min (not significant). The intertrial agreement in predicted VO2max was relatively narrow with a bias 95% LoA of 0.83.7 ml/kg/min. The RPE and %HRmax (actual) correlation improved with a second trial. At all CST stages in trial 2 RPE:%HRmax coefficients were significant with the highest correlations at CST stages III (r=0.78) and IV (r=0.84).Conclusion: CST VO2max prediction validity is questioned but the CST is reliable on a test retest basis. VO2max prediction error is due more to VO2 estimation error at each CST stage compared with error in age estimated HRmax. The HR/RPE relation at >50% VO2max reliably represents the recommended intensity for developing cardiorespiratory fitness, but only when a practice trial of the CST is first performed. The CST is one of many tests designed to provide a safe and practical means of assessing aerobic fitness under submaximal conditions. Examples of other similar tests include the Astrand Ryhming nomogram cycle ergometer protocol,2 the American College of Sports Medicine protocols for cycle ergometry and treadmill,3 and the Canadian standardised step test of fitness.4 The limited equipment needed (step, heart rate monitor, portable cassette or compact disk player, and perceived exertion scale) makes the CST very portable and requirements for space are minimal, which is advantageous compared with similar protocols using treadmills, shuttle walks, or cycle ergometers.To date, the validity of the CST has only been assessed in terms of its ability to predict VO2max compared with an actual VO2max, with the error in this ranging from 5% to 15%.5 The reliability of the CST predicted VO2max, on a test retest basis, has previously been assessed using the bias 95% LoA6 but this study did not assess the CST's validity via analysis of agreement between actual and predicted VO2max. Furthermore, no study to date has performed an in depth analysis of the reliability and validity of each measured component of the CST, which includes: heart rate, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), age estimated maximal heart rate (HRmax), and the estimated oxygen cost (VO2) of each testing stage. Analysing these components may provide clues to the factors that lead to the error in the predicted VO2max and provide information on how reliable these component measures are for prescribing subsequent exercise.The CST prediction of VO2max is based on the extrapolation of a "line of best fit", which passes through the submaximal heart rate responses for each stepping stage, up to a level which equals the participant's age estimated HRmax. At this point a vertical line is dropped down to the x axis of the graph, which represents the estimated VO2 for box stepping exercise. The assumptions of this predictive procedure include the following: that a linear relation exists between each stage of the CST with heart rate and with VO2; that HRmax and VO2max are coinciding events; and that maximal heart rate is equal to 220 minus the participant's age. The stepping intensity is a function of the step height and the stepping rate. Table 1 provides a summary of the estimated oxygen cost (VO2) for each of the five stages of the CST, for four different step heights. Thus, the present CST testing package (1998 onwards) is designed to be flexible in assessing people with a wide range of absolute aerobic fitness levels. This flexibility of the test has been achieved by the testing package having standardised criteria for choosing a step height, which relates to the clients' age and exercise training or physical activity history. Regardless of step height, the stepping rate for each stage is always the same (table 1). The stepping rate is set by a recorded metronome and guided verbal instructions, which are played on a cassette tape or compact disc.View this table:View inlineView popupRPE is used in conjunction with heart rate as an end point of the testing procedure as well as being recommended in the CST manual as a guide to prescribe the intensity of subsequent exercise. When the participant reaches 80% of age estimated HRmax and/or an RPE of 14 on Borg's 6 20 scale,7 he/she is told to stop the test.The CST therefore aims to fulfil two main purposes: (1) to predict VO2max as a means of grading a person's aerobic power, where this score can also act as a baseline against which improvement can be measured, and (2) the CST instruction manual recommends that the intensity component of a subsequent exercise prescription can be set by getting clients to associate their exercise training activities with the RPE they experienced during the CST at 60% and 80% of HRmax. It may even be considered that because the VO2 (estimated) at a given CST stage is known, other activities with a similar VO2 can be gauged in accordance with the estimates outlined by Ainsworth et al.8 These recommendations, however, assume that the relation between RPE, %HRmax, and a given VO2 are reliable, valid, and transferable to other activities.With regard to using CST data to prescribe subsequent exercise, no studies have been performed to assess the transferability of the heart rate RPE relation to other modes of activity. In order to do so, a two stage process is required. Firstly, an assessment of the reliability of the heart rate RPE relation during incremental box stepping activity is required. Secondly, if the first assumption is met, then an assessment can be made to evaluate whether similar exercise intensities for a given heart rate RPE relation during other modes of exercise can be assumed. This study includes the aim to assess the above first assumption, but we feel that the above second assumption is a whole study in itself. It van cleef and arpels gold bracelet fake is already known that for a given RPE during exercise with a variety of exercise modes or machines, there are significant differences in heart rate, %HRmax, VO2, %VO2max, and blood lactate.13 16 Such results might seem to preclude transferability but one must be reminded that these evaluations were performed during production mode RPE (RPE as the independent, controlling variable) and the assessment of RPE within this study is in estimation mode (RPE as dependent, response variable).Other studies still required, which involve box stepping, include assessing the heart rate RPE relation and prescriptive validity in participants being treated with adrenergic blocking medication ( blockers). For these individuals, due to the blunting of normal heart rate response by blockers, VO2max cannot be predicted from the present CST procedure. However, because it is known that at intensities 2max, the relation between RPE and work rate is unaltered by blockade,9 12 this may still allow the CST to show an improvement in fitness from reductions in heart and RPE for a given CST stage.Little has been reported on the reliability of heart rate and RPE, using analysis of agreement, during box stepping exercise. Efficacy and safety problems associated with potential inaccuracies in the reliability and validity of an age estimated HRmax and of RPE during the CST, could include clients either stopping the test prematurely or worse, overexerting themselves. Other problems affected by reliability include results showing an improvement in VO2max, when in fact the measured reduction in heart rate or RPE for a given CST stage that leads to this result is actually a function of a systematic error or bias, owing to factors such as practice or familiarisation with a testing procedure.17The reliability and validity of the estimated VO2 at each of the CST stages has also not been evaluated using analysis of agreement. Collectively, the reliability and validity of heart rate, estimated HRmax, and estimated VO2 for each CST stage all ultimately contribute to the accuracy of the predicted VO2max.The first aim of this study was therefore to assess the reliability of the following CST measures: predicted VO2max, heart rate, RPE, and actual VO2 at each CST stage, and the correlation between RPE and %HRmax and the correlation between RPE and %VO2max at each CST stage. The second aim of this study was to assess the validity of the measures taken from the CST by analysing the following factors: the age estimated versus the actual HRmax; the predicted versus the actual VO2max; the estimated versus actual VO2 at each CST stage, and the ability of a given %VO2max to be associated with its typically recommended RPE and %HRmax.3,18 Together these two aims will evaluate the validity of the CST in predicting VO2max, and provide a first step towards validating the use of the CST's heart rate RPE relation to prescribe aerobic exercise.Participants and study designFollowing formal ethical approval, written informed consent, and completion of a health screening physical activity readiness questionnaire (PAR Q),3 15 university students volunteered to participate. Two participants were unable to complete both trials because of social obligations and thus 13 participants (seven male and six female) completed the full study. Descriptive data on the participants are summarised in table 2. The participants were all active in exercise or recreational sport, with participation frequencies of 1 3 times per week. None was a highly trained competitive athlete. Each participant performed the CST twice on two separate days at the same time of day, with the second test occurring 5 7 days after the first test. Within 24 hours before each test, participants ensured that eating patterns and food types eaten were the same, and that they did not participate in vigorous sport or exercise. Based on the CST manual recommendations1 for age and activity history, a 0.30 m step was chosen for this group of participants. The one procedure that was altered was the end point of the test, which was raised to 90% of age predicted HRmax and/or RPE 17. van cleef arpel bracelet fake This was done in order to get VO2 measures from as many stages of the CST as possible. VO2max was, however, predicted from the CST manual data sheet,1 using the points at or below the 80% of age estimated HRmax and employing the "line of best fit" linear graph extrapolation technique through the heart rates recorded at the end of each completed stage and the age estimated HRmax. All participants performed the CST using the movement techniques described in the CST manual and instructions on the cassette tape.View this table:View inlineView popupOn the third day, less than seven days after the second CST trial, all participants performed an incremental treadmill test to determine actual HRmax and VO2max in line with standardised procedures.3,19 The analysis equipment is explained in next section. Treadmill intensity for the maximal test was graduated in 2 minute intervals so as to reflect the stage intervals of the CST, except that participants continued on until volitional fatigue. It is typical for maximal tests to be performed at the beginning of a study's data collection process. We deliberately chose to test this at the end to prevent the participants from being familiarised with RPE under incremental maximal test conditions. In typical field applications of the CST, participants would not have the opportunity to be familiarised with RPE in this way, nor would it be safe or efficacious in many settings to carry out a maximal test. This aimed to promote the "ecological validity" of the study. Simply omitting the use of RPE in an initial incremental and maximal test would not have been in keeping with recommended practice. Even if RPE measurements were omitted from an initial incremental and maximal exercise test, participants would likely retain a recent experience of relating their psychophysical responses to a wide range of exercise intensities. This could influence their ability to rate exertion with subsequent exercise (for example, performing the CST).Heart rate, monitored via a wireless radiotelemetry chest strap and wristwatch system (Polar Electro, Kempele, Finland) and RPE using Borg's 6 20 scale,7 were recorded in the last 15 seconds of each testing stage. In the interest of participants' comfort and acknowledging their perceived physical state, they were given the option to report an RPE at any time. Heart rate data were kept out of view of the participants so they would not be able to associate these values with their RPE responses, which could influence their RPE heart rate relation in the second test. Participants were instructed in the use of RPE before each test using standardised instructions7,20 according to the following procedure:During each CST trial and during the maximal treadmill test the actual oxygen cost (VO2; ml/kg/min) of each testing stage was measured continuously via an online expired air analysis system (CPX/D Cardiopulmonary Exercise System, Medical Graphics, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which employed a low resistance pneumotach and a Pitot tube flow meter. Sampling frequency was set using an 8 second average technique, which has been shown to optimise acceptable error variability.21 The system was calibrated before testing each subject using a 3 l syringe for flow volumes across a wide range of flow rates and known gases for CO2 and O2. For the CST trials, the reported VO2 was the average over the last 30 seconds of each CST stage. The estimated van cleef bracelet knock off alhambra oxygen cost (VO2 in ml/kg/min) for each stage of the CST was taken from version three of the CST resource manual.1 The source of these VO2 estimations is not reported within the manual but they agree to within 1.5 ml/kg/min of the estimation calculation for stepping outlined by the American College of Sports Medicine.3 In either case, estimated VO2 is a function of the step height (m) and stepping rate (steps/min). The inter CST stage and intertrial differences for each of the three responses (RPE, heart rate, and VO2) were assessed using a two factor (trial by testing stage) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Objectives: To evaluate the reliability and validity of measures taken during the Chester step test (CST) used to predict VO2max and prescribe subsequent exercise.Methods: The CST was performed twice on separate days by 7 males and 6 females aged 22.4 (SD 4.6) years. Heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and oxygen uptake (VO2) were measured at each stage of the CST.Results: RPE, HR, and actual VO2 were the same at each stage for both trials but each of these measures was significantly different between CST stages (p2 at each CST stage during both trials showed errors ranging between 11% and 19%. Trial 1 underestimated actual VO2max by 2.8 ml/kg/min (p=0.006) and trial 2 by 1.6 ml/kg/min (not significant). The intertrial agreement in predicted VO2max was relatively narrow with a bias 95% LoA of 0.83.7 ml/kg/min. The RPE and %HRmax (actual) correlation improved with a second trial. At all CST stages in trial 2 RPE:%HRmax coefficients were significant with the highest correlations at CST stages III (r=0.78) and IV (r=0.84).Conclusion: CST VO2max prediction validity is questioned but the CST is reliable on a test retest basis. VO2max prediction error is due more to VO2 estimation error at each CST stage compared with error in age estimated HRmax. The HR/RPE relation at >50% VO2max reliably represents the recommended intensity for developing cardiorespiratory fitness, but only when a practice trial of the CST is first performed. The CST is one of many tests designed to provide a safe and practical means of assessing aerobic fitness under submaximal conditions. Examples of other similar tests include the Astrand Ryhming nomogram cycle ergometer protocol,2 the American College of Sports Medicine protocols for cycle ergometry and treadmill,3 and the Canadian standardised step test of fitness.4 The limited equipment needed (step, heart rate monitor, portable cassette or compact disk player, and perceived exertion scale) makes the CST very portable and requirements for space are minimal, which is advantageous compared with similar protocols using treadmills, shuttle walks, or cycle ergometers.To date, the validity of the CST has only been assessed in terms of its ability to predict VO2max compared with an actual VO2max, with the error in this ranging from 5% to 15%.5 The reliability of the CST predicted VO2max, on a test retest basis, has previously been assessed using the bias 95% LoA6 but this study did not assess the CST's validity via analysis of agreement between actual and predicted VO2max. Furthermore, no study to date has performed an in depth analysis of the reliability and validity of each measured component of the CST, which includes: heart rate, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), age estimated maximal heart rate (HRmax), and the estimated oxygen cost (VO2) of each testing stage. Analysing these components may provide clues to the factors that lead to the error in the predicted VO2max and provide information on how reliable these component measures are for prescribing subsequent exercise.The CST prediction of VO2max is based on the extrapolation of a "line of best fit", which passes through the submaximal heart rate responses for each stepping stage, up to a level which equals the participant's age estimated HRmax. At this point a vertical line is dropped down to the x axis of the graph, which represents the estimated VO2 for box stepping exercise. The assumptions of this predictive procedure include the following: that a linear relation exists between each stage of the CST with heart rate and with VO2; that HRmax and VO2max are coinciding events; and that maximal heart rate is equal to 220 minus the participant's age. The stepping intensity is a function of the step height and the stepping rate. Table 1 provides a summary of the estimated oxygen cost (VO2) for each of the five stages of the CST, for four different step heights. Thus, the present CST testing package (1998 onwards) is designed to be flexible in assessing people with a wide range of absolute aerobic fitness levels. This flexibility of the test has been achieved by the testing package having standardised criteria for choosing a step height, which relates to the clients' age and exercise training or physical activity history. Regardless of step height, the stepping rate for each stage is always the same (table 1). The stepping rate is set by a recorded metronome and guided verbal instructions, which are played on a cassette tape or compact disc.View this table:View inlineView popupRPE is used in conjunction with heart rate as an end point of the testing procedure as well as being recommended in the CST manual as a guide to prescribe the intensity of subsequent exercise. When the participant reaches 80% of age estimated HRmax and/or an RPE of 14 on Borg's 6 20 scale,7 he/she is told to stop the test.The CST therefore aims to fulfil two main purposes: (1) to predict VO2max as a means of grading a person's aerobic power, where this score can also act as a baseline against which improvement can be measured, and (2) the CST instruction manual recommends that the intensity component of a subsequent exercise prescription can be set by getting clients to associate their exercise training activities with the RPE they experienced during the CST at 60% and 80% of HRmax. It may even be considered that because the VO2 (estimated) at a given CST stage is known, other activities with a similar VO2 can be gauged in accordance with the estimates outlined by Ainsworth et al.8 These recommendations, however, assume that the relation between RPE, %HRmax, and a given VO2 are reliable, valid, and transferable to other activities.With regard to using CST data to prescribe subsequent exercise, no studies have been performed to assess the transferability of the heart rate RPE relation to other modes of activity. In order to do so, a two stage process is required. Firstly, an assessment of the reliability of the heart rate RPE relation during incremental box stepping activity is required. Secondly, if the first assumption is met, then an assessment can be made to evaluate whether similar exercise intensities for a given heart rate RPE relation during other modes of exercise can be assumed. This study includes the aim to assess the above first assumption, but we feel that the above second assumption is a whole study in itself. It van cleef and arpels gold bracelet fake is already known that for a given RPE during exercise with a variety of exercise modes or machines, there are significant differences in heart rate, %HRmax, VO2, %VO2max, and blood lactate.13 16 Such results might seem to preclude transferability but one must be reminded that these evaluations were performed during production mode RPE (RPE as the independent, controlling variable) and the assessment of RPE within this study is in estimation mode (RPE as dependent, response variable).Other studies still required, which involve box stepping, include assessing the heart rate RPE relation and prescriptive validity in participants being treated with adrenergic blocking medication ( blockers). For these individuals, due to the blunting of normal heart rate response by blockers, VO2max cannot be predicted from the present CST procedure. However, because it is known that at intensities 2max, the relation between RPE and work rate is unaltered by blockade,9 12 this may still allow the CST to show an improvement in fitness from reductions in heart and RPE for a given CST stage.Little has been reported on the reliability of heart rate and RPE, using analysis of agreement, during box stepping exercise. Efficacy and safety problems associated with potential inaccuracies in the reliability and validity of an age estimated HRmax and of RPE during the CST, could include clients either stopping the test prematurely or worse, overexerting themselves. Other problems affected by reliability include results showing an improvement in VO2max, when in fact the measured reduction in heart rate or RPE for a given CST stage that leads to this result is actually a function of a systematic error or bias, owing to factors such as practice or familiarisation with a testing procedure.17The reliability and validity of the estimated VO2 at each of the CST stages has also not been evaluated using analysis of agreement. Collectively, the reliability and validity of heart rate, estimated HRmax, and estimated VO2 for each CST stage all ultimately contribute to the accuracy of the predicted VO2max.The first aim of this study was therefore to assess the reliability of the following CST measures: predicted VO2max, heart rate, RPE, and actual VO2 at each CST stage, and the correlation between RPE and %HRmax and the correlation between RPE and %VO2max at each CST stage. The second aim of this study was to assess the validity of the measures taken from the CST by analysing the following factors: the age estimated versus the actual HRmax; the predicted versus the actual VO2max; the estimated versus actual VO2 at each CST stage, and the ability of a given %VO2max to be associated with its typically recommended RPE and %HRmax.3,18 Together these two aims will evaluate the validity of the CST in predicting VO2max, and provide a first step towards validating the use of the CST's heart rate RPE relation to prescribe aerobic exercise.Participants and study designFollowing formal ethical approval, written informed consent, and completion of a health screening physical activity readiness questionnaire (PAR Q),3 15 university students volunteered to participate. Two participants were unable to complete both trials because of social obligations and thus 13 participants (seven male and six female) completed the full study. Descriptive data on the participants are summarised in table 2. The participants were all active in exercise or recreational sport, with participation frequencies of 1 3 times per week. None was a highly trained competitive athlete. Each participant performed the CST twice on two separate days at the same time of day, with the second test occurring 5 7 days after the first test. Within 24 hours before each test, participants ensured that eating patterns and food types eaten were the same, and that they did not participate in vigorous sport or exercise. Based on the CST manual recommendations1 for age and activity history, a 0.30 m step was chosen for this group of participants. The one procedure that was altered was the end point of the test, which was raised to 90% of age predicted HRmax and/or RPE 17. van cleef arpel bracelet fake This was done in order to get VO2 measures from as many stages of the CST as possible. VO2max was, however, predicted from the CST manual data sheet,1 using the points at or below the 80% of age estimated HRmax and employing the "line of best fit" linear graph extrapolation technique through the heart rates recorded at the end of each completed stage and the age estimated HRmax. All participants performed the CST using the movement techniques described in the CST manual and instructions on the cassette tape.View this table:View inlineView popupOn the third day, less than seven days after the second CST trial, all participants performed an incremental treadmill test to determine actual HRmax and VO2max in line with standardised procedures.3,19 The analysis equipment is explained in next section. Treadmill intensity for the maximal test was graduated in 2 minute intervals so as to reflect the stage intervals of the CST, except that participants continued on until volitional fatigue. It is typical for maximal tests to be performed at the beginning of a study's data collection process. We deliberately chose to test this at the end to prevent the participants from being familiarised with RPE under incremental maximal test conditions. In typical field applications of the CST, participants would not have the opportunity to be familiarised with RPE in this way, nor would it be safe or efficacious in many settings to carry out a maximal test. This aimed to promote the "ecological validity" of the study. Simply omitting the use of RPE in an initial incremental and maximal test would not have been in keeping with recommended practice. Even if RPE measurements were omitted from an initial incremental and maximal exercise test, participants would likely retain a recent experience of relating their psychophysical responses to a wide range of exercise intensities. This could influence their ability to rate exertion with subsequent exercise (for example, performing the CST).Heart rate, monitored via a wireless radiotelemetry chest strap and wristwatch system (Polar Electro, Kempele, Finland) and RPE using Borg's 6 20 scale,7 were recorded in the last 15 seconds of each testing stage. In the interest of participants' comfort and acknowledging their perceived physical state, they were given the option to report an RPE at any time. Heart rate data were kept out of view of the participants so they would not be able to associate these values with their RPE responses, which could influence their RPE heart rate relation in the second test. Participants were instructed in the use of RPE before each test using standardised instructions7,20 according to the following procedure:During each CST trial and during the maximal treadmill test the actual oxygen cost (VO2; ml/kg/min) of each testing stage was measured continuously via an online expired air analysis system (CPX/D Cardiopulmonary Exercise System, Medical Graphics, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which employed a low resistance pneumotach and a Pitot tube flow meter. Sampling frequency was set using an 8 second average technique, which has been shown to optimise acceptable error variability.21 The system was calibrated before testing each subject using a 3 l syringe for flow volumes across a wide range of flow rates and known gases for CO2 and O2. For the CST trials, the reported VO2 was the average over the last 30 seconds of each CST stage. The estimated van cleef bracelet knock off alhambra oxygen cost (VO2 in ml/kg/min) for each stage of the CST was taken from version three of the CST resource manual.1 The source of these VO2 estimations is not reported within the manual but they agree to within 1.5 ml/kg/min of the estimation calculation for stepping outlined by the American College of Sports Medicine.3 In either case, estimated VO2 is a function of the step height (m) and stepping rate (steps/min). The inter CST stage and intertrial differences for each of the three responses (RPE, heart rate, and VO2) were assessed using a two factor (trial by testing stage) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
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Sona Petroleum stokes interest
EVEN in a suit and tie Datuk Seri Hadian Hashim looks like he would be more at ease in an oil rig out in the middle of the ocean.
A 30 year veteran in oil and gas (O Hadian spent much of the early years of his career as a well site engineer for Sarawak Shell Bhd offshore Sabah and Sarawak.
That experience is paying off for him today. Hadian has banded together with his friends from the industry, most of whom he has either worked with or for, to form Sona Petroleum Bhd, Malaysia third special purpose acquisition companies (SPAC) to list on the stock exchange in as many years.
For Hadian, clearly an operations man who prefers doing to talking, the track record of Sona Petroleum management speaks for itself.
SPACs have no operations, you have to rely on the management expertise. We have 300 years of O experience between us," the managing director of Sona Petroleum tells StarBizWeek in an interview.
"I have compiled an copy van cleef and arpels alhambra diamond necklace international team with skills in both upstream and downstream, across the exploration and production (E value chain, from drilling, reservoir engineering, field studies, greenfield and brownfield development, to contracting and procurement. And not just technical skills, but also banking, legal and corporate finance."
It isn a coincidence that the SPAC board is populated by international faces, including chairman Andreas Johannes Raymundus van Strijp, a Dutchman, as well as an Indonesian and Myanmar national.
Datuk Maznah Abdul Jalil, the company chief financial officer, was a key lieutenant to the late Tan Sri Yahaya Ahmad of DRB Hicom.
This diversity, Hadian notes, is deliberate. will come in handy when we negotiate for assets overseas. Petroleum is scheduled to make its debut on Bursa Malaysia on July 30 a day before Ranhill Energy and Resources Bhd RM753mil initial public offering (IPO), another highly anticipated listing this year.
SPACs are companies with no operations or income generating business at the point of IPO but undertake a listing for the purposes of acquiring operating companies or assets, termed as assets this hasn dented interest in Sona Petroleum.
The IPO, investment bankers say, has been all but a tough sell. StarBizWeek understands that overtures were made by high net worth individuals and several institutions for almost RM3bil worth of shares, far exceeding the RM550mil on offer.
With RM550mil as its fundraising target, Sona Petroleum is easily the most ambitious of all the SPACs. And if the early van cleef copy necklace indications prove to be true, it may also be the most successful.
The launch of its prospectus yesterday saw not only its bankers in attendance but also other luminaries of the financial world. Yvonne Chia, one of the most powerful vca alhambra necklace knock off women in finance and until recently the head of Hong Leong Bank Bhd, was front and centre.
Sona Petroleum, which aims to eventually make the transition to an independent E company, has already secured commitments from six institutions both local and foreign as cornerstone investors, making it the first SPAC to do so.
They are Hong Leong Asset Management Bhd, Hong Kong based hedge fund Segantii Capital and Davidson Kempner European Partners, along with the fund management houses of the three banks backing the listing: CIMB Principal Asset Management Bhd, Kenanga Investors Bhd and RHB Investment Management Sdn Bhd.
The cornerstones, who did not enjoy a discount to the 50 sen IPO price, have been apportioned 275 million shares out of the 959 million shares for institutions.
Industry observers believe Sona Petroleum appeal lay in it being one of the few upstream plays in a stock market dominated by O service providers, in spite of the fact that asset managers typically shun SPACs because of their high risk, unproven nature.
The 1.1 billion shares to be sold under the IPO comprise 959 million shares for institutional investors and 141 million shares for retail investors at 50 sen apiece. Each share comes with a free warrant. The conversion price per warrant is 35 sen, with a five year conversion period.
Book building for the retail shares opened at 10am yesterday and closes on July 12. The institutional offering also began yesterday and closes on July 17.
Post IPO, the management will hold 20% of the firm enlarged share base, the public and institutions 78% and initial investors 2%. The identities of the initial investors were not disclosed in the prospectus.
The moratorium imposed on its promoters shares will also be the strictest so far for a SPAC listing. The key management is barred from selling any of their holdings in Sona Petroleum until the company generates one year of audited revenue from the commercial production of its qualifying asset.
think it raises the level of expectation for SPACs and sets a benchmark for the future, he quips.
For him, the opportunity to start a SPAC couldn have come at a better time.
pitched the idea, and after looking at the business case, I said yes," Hadian explains. "I can name the parties. But it didn take a lot of convincing to get people on board. says he was encouraged by the two earlier SPACs, which, like Sona Petroleum, are E most common route for this kind of business is usually private equity. However, the end game, whether you raise money via private equity or a SPAC, is the same. SPACs give entrepreneurs like us an opportunity to tap the capital market. there are the macro factors. Oil prices are expected to trend upwards on the back of world population and income growth, which would drive energy demand, while oil majors continue to sell their stakes in smaller, less lucrative fields.
Hadian cites the oilfields being hived off by Newfield and Hess as the sort of assets that have become available in recent times.
Sona Petroleum has said it is interested in buying smaller fields in shallow waters with depths of not more than 120m. It believes these assets are abundant in oil producing regions such as the Middle East, Africa and Asia.
While it is prepared to invest in all three lifecycles of an oilfield, Hadian says the firm will prioritise assets that are producing as a jump off point before venturing into earlier stage wells, which naturally come with higher risk and capital cost.
Fields with reserves of between 5 million and 30 million barrels, and production of 2,000 5,000 barrels per day, are preferred, he adds.
intend to acquire a producing asset first, which is more likely to have steady cash flow, a shorter lead time and lower risk because it is in production," Hadian says.
EVEN in a suit and tie Datuk Seri Hadian Hashim looks like he would be more at ease in an oil rig out in the middle of the ocean.
A 30 year veteran in oil and gas (O Hadian spent much of the early years of his career as a well site engineer for Sarawak Shell Bhd offshore Sabah and Sarawak.
That experience is paying off for him today. Hadian has banded together with his friends from the industry, most of whom he has either worked with or for, to form Sona Petroleum Bhd, Malaysia third special purpose acquisition companies (SPAC) to list on the stock exchange in as many years.
For Hadian, clearly an operations man who prefers doing to talking, the track record of Sona Petroleum management speaks for itself.
SPACs have no operations, you have to rely on the management expertise. We have 300 years of O experience between us," the managing director of Sona Petroleum tells StarBizWeek in an interview.
"I have compiled an copy van cleef and arpels alhambra diamond necklace international team with skills in both upstream and downstream, across the exploration and production (E value chain, from drilling, reservoir engineering, field studies, greenfield and brownfield development, to contracting and procurement. And not just technical skills, but also banking, legal and corporate finance."
It isn a coincidence that the SPAC board is populated by international faces, including chairman Andreas Johannes Raymundus van Strijp, a Dutchman, as well as an Indonesian and Myanmar national.
Datuk Maznah Abdul Jalil, the company chief financial officer, was a key lieutenant to the late Tan Sri Yahaya Ahmad of DRB Hicom.
This diversity, Hadian notes, is deliberate. will come in handy when we negotiate for assets overseas. Petroleum is scheduled to make its debut on Bursa Malaysia on July 30 a day before Ranhill Energy and Resources Bhd RM753mil initial public offering (IPO), another highly anticipated listing this year.
SPACs are companies with no operations or income generating business at the point of IPO but undertake a listing for the purposes of acquiring operating companies or assets, termed as assets this hasn dented interest in Sona Petroleum.
The IPO, investment bankers say, has been all but a tough sell. StarBizWeek understands that overtures were made by high net worth individuals and several institutions for almost RM3bil worth of shares, far exceeding the RM550mil on offer.
With RM550mil as its fundraising target, Sona Petroleum is easily the most ambitious of all the SPACs. And if the early van cleef copy necklace indications prove to be true, it may also be the most successful.
The launch of its prospectus yesterday saw not only its bankers in attendance but also other luminaries of the financial world. Yvonne Chia, one of the most powerful vca alhambra necklace knock off women in finance and until recently the head of Hong Leong Bank Bhd, was front and centre.
Sona Petroleum, which aims to eventually make the transition to an independent E company, has already secured commitments from six institutions both local and foreign as cornerstone investors, making it the first SPAC to do so.
They are Hong Leong Asset Management Bhd, Hong Kong based hedge fund Segantii Capital and Davidson Kempner European Partners, along with the fund management houses of the three banks backing the listing: CIMB Principal Asset Management Bhd, Kenanga Investors Bhd and RHB Investment Management Sdn Bhd.
The cornerstones, who did not enjoy a discount to the 50 sen IPO price, have been apportioned 275 million shares out of the 959 million shares for institutions.
Industry observers believe Sona Petroleum appeal lay in it being one of the few upstream plays in a stock market dominated by O service providers, in spite of the fact that asset managers typically shun SPACs because of their high risk, unproven nature.
The 1.1 billion shares to be sold under the IPO comprise 959 million shares for institutional investors and 141 million shares for retail investors at 50 sen apiece. Each share comes with a free warrant. The conversion price per warrant is 35 sen, with a five year conversion period.
Book building for the retail shares opened at 10am yesterday and closes on July 12. The institutional offering also began yesterday and closes on July 17.
Post IPO, the management will hold 20% of the firm enlarged share base, the public and institutions 78% and initial investors 2%. The identities of the initial investors were not disclosed in the prospectus.
The moratorium imposed on its promoters shares will also be the strictest so far for a SPAC listing. The key management is barred from selling any of their holdings in Sona Petroleum until the company generates one year of audited revenue from the commercial production of its qualifying asset.
think it raises the level of expectation for SPACs and sets a benchmark for the future, he quips.
For him, the opportunity to start a SPAC couldn have come at a better time.
pitched the idea, and after looking at the business case, I said yes," Hadian explains. "I can name the parties. But it didn take a lot of convincing to get people on board. says he was encouraged by the two earlier SPACs, which, like Sona Petroleum, are E most common route for this kind of business is usually private equity. However, the end game, whether you raise money via private equity or a SPAC, is the same. SPACs give entrepreneurs like us an opportunity to tap the capital market. there are the macro factors. Oil prices are expected to trend upwards on the back of world population and income growth, which would drive energy demand, while oil majors continue to sell their stakes in smaller, less lucrative fields.
Hadian cites the oilfields being hived off by Newfield and Hess as the sort of assets that have become available in recent times.
Sona Petroleum has said it is interested in buying smaller fields in shallow waters with depths of not more than 120m. It believes these assets are abundant in oil producing regions such as the Middle East, Africa and Asia.
While it is prepared to invest in all three lifecycles of an oilfield, Hadian says the firm will prioritise assets that are producing as a jump off point before venturing into earlier stage wells, which naturally come with higher risk and capital cost.
Fields with reserves of between 5 million and 30 million barrels, and production of 2,000 5,000 barrels per day, are preferred, he adds.
intend to acquire a producing asset first, which is more likely to have steady cash flow, a shorter lead time and lower risk because it is in production," Hadian says.
Wild Australian Bushrangers
Bushrangers!'Bail Up' Escape from Cockatoo Island
During the 1820s, the number of bushrangers roaming around New South Wales, was so great that the government passed an act called the Bushranger Act, which gave police and soldiers almost unlimited powers to capture, search and ultimately hang, those convicted of 'bushranging' crimes. Economically, times were tough and this combined with the use of harsh punishment methods, was probably responsible for the outpouring of public sympathy and the rise of the mythical, romantic, bushranger folk hero. Some bushrangers, were violent, nasty and dangerous however and others were from marginalised groups, or were political rebels. Here are just a few:
John Caesar, was Australia's first bushranger. He was a convict from the First Fleet and a huge, dark, giant of a man of west Indian descent, who had initially fled to England, to avoid becoming a plantation slave . He was then transported from England, for stealing 240 shillings and sent to New South Wales for 7 years. In 1789, he escaped into the bush with a musket and began stealing food. A year later he was speared by Aboriginals and he moved back closer to the settlement. He was then captured and sent to the infamous, Norfolk Island and fathered a daughter there with Ann Power. Not long after leaving Norfolk Island for Port Jackson, he ran off into the bush again. Governor Hunter, put a price on his head of five gallons of rum, which would go to the man who captured him. A settler named John Wimbow shot him dead near liberty Plains (Strathfield).
Jack Donahoe
Also known as, The Wild Colonial Boy, after the famous folk ballad written about him, Jack Donahoe (1806 30), was born in Dublin and transported to New South Wales in 1823 for the 'intent to commit a felony'. Donahoe was a 'flaxen' haired, 'blue' eyed, Irish rebel who is admired for his defiance and bravery. On arrival in New South Wales, he had been assigned to a chain gang, but absconded with two other Irish men and began robbing bullock drays on the Windsor Road. The three men were caught and twice sentenced to death. The two other men hung, but Donahoe managed to escape and got together a gang and went on a crime spree, bailing up travelers on roads from Bathurst to Yass. Donahoe, became famous for constantly eluding the police and for brazenly riding into Sydney Town to have a ginger beer. He was caught however, when one of his gang turned informer. Donahoe, was gunned down at Bringelly, near Campbelltown, as he urged the police on using 'insulting and indecent epithets'.
(Sir) Thomas Mitchell drew a post mortem drawing of Donahoe' head and shoulders, which is now in the Mitchell Library. Also within weeks of his death a tradesman began making clay pipes which resembled Donahoe's head, complete with bullet hole.
Jack Donohoe
wanted Dead or AliveMatthew Brady
Credit: Archives Office of Tasmania
Matthew Brady, (1799 1826) was transported on the Juliana for the crime of stealing a basket and Hermes birkin bags fake some butter, bacon, sugar and rice. He was sent to van Diemen's land (Tasmania) and replica birkin handbags became a constant absconder. As punishment, he received around 350 lashes in four years. He was then sentenced to Macquarie Harbour, but escaped with 13 other desperate convicts, in a whale boat in 1824. For two years, the gang roamed the bush, aided by settlers, who were former convicts. A Reward was offered by Governor Arthur, replica hermes handbags outlet to anyone who could deliver Brady to the law. Brady responded with a cheeky note fastened to the door of an Inn:
"It has caused Matthew Brady much concern that such a person known as Sir George Arthur is at large. Twenty Gallons of Rum will be given to any persons that will deliver this person to me."
The reward for Brady was raised to 300 guineas and Brady was captured.
Brady was known as the "Gentleman Bushranger", as he only used violence in fashion cheap hermes handbags self defence and never harmed a women. His cell in Hobart, as he waited to stand trail was filled with flowers and cakes sent by female sympathisers and the crowd that watched him hang on May 26, cried and cheered him on. A lookout is named after him, in Tasmania, called Brady's lookout, with views over the Tamar River
Captain ThunderboltFred Ward, who is known as 'Captain Thunderbolt', was born in Windsor, in New South Wales, in 1836 and was the son of a convict. He was working as a drover and horse breaker when sentenced to Cockatoo Island for horse stealing. He was then, conditionally released from the island and was working as a horse breaker in Mudgee, but then returned to Cockatoo Island for various offences. Ward, escaped from the island and went to live with his half Aboriginal wife and their children on the Culgoa River near Bourke. He then, adopted the name 'Captain Thunderbolt' and began an almost 7 year crime spree. During this time, Ward was shot in the knee during a gunfight, when spotted by troopers (this helped the identification of his body later). Another time a constable held a pistol to his head and said 'you are my prisoner'. Thunderbolt laughed and galloped off into the bush. He met his end however in Uralla, New South Wales during a gunfight with a trooper.
Bushrangers!'Bail Up' Escape from Cockatoo Island
During the 1820s, the number of bushrangers roaming around New South Wales, was so great that the government passed an act called the Bushranger Act, which gave police and soldiers almost unlimited powers to capture, search and ultimately hang, those convicted of 'bushranging' crimes. Economically, times were tough and this combined with the use of harsh punishment methods, was probably responsible for the outpouring of public sympathy and the rise of the mythical, romantic, bushranger folk hero. Some bushrangers, were violent, nasty and dangerous however and others were from marginalised groups, or were political rebels. Here are just a few:
John Caesar, was Australia's first bushranger. He was a convict from the First Fleet and a huge, dark, giant of a man of west Indian descent, who had initially fled to England, to avoid becoming a plantation slave . He was then transported from England, for stealing 240 shillings and sent to New South Wales for 7 years. In 1789, he escaped into the bush with a musket and began stealing food. A year later he was speared by Aboriginals and he moved back closer to the settlement. He was then captured and sent to the infamous, Norfolk Island and fathered a daughter there with Ann Power. Not long after leaving Norfolk Island for Port Jackson, he ran off into the bush again. Governor Hunter, put a price on his head of five gallons of rum, which would go to the man who captured him. A settler named John Wimbow shot him dead near liberty Plains (Strathfield).
Jack Donahoe
Also known as, The Wild Colonial Boy, after the famous folk ballad written about him, Jack Donahoe (1806 30), was born in Dublin and transported to New South Wales in 1823 for the 'intent to commit a felony'. Donahoe was a 'flaxen' haired, 'blue' eyed, Irish rebel who is admired for his defiance and bravery. On arrival in New South Wales, he had been assigned to a chain gang, but absconded with two other Irish men and began robbing bullock drays on the Windsor Road. The three men were caught and twice sentenced to death. The two other men hung, but Donahoe managed to escape and got together a gang and went on a crime spree, bailing up travelers on roads from Bathurst to Yass. Donahoe, became famous for constantly eluding the police and for brazenly riding into Sydney Town to have a ginger beer. He was caught however, when one of his gang turned informer. Donahoe, was gunned down at Bringelly, near Campbelltown, as he urged the police on using 'insulting and indecent epithets'.
(Sir) Thomas Mitchell drew a post mortem drawing of Donahoe' head and shoulders, which is now in the Mitchell Library. Also within weeks of his death a tradesman began making clay pipes which resembled Donahoe's head, complete with bullet hole.
Jack Donohoe
wanted Dead or AliveMatthew Brady
Credit: Archives Office of Tasmania
Matthew Brady, (1799 1826) was transported on the Juliana for the crime of stealing a basket and Hermes birkin bags fake some butter, bacon, sugar and rice. He was sent to van Diemen's land (Tasmania) and replica birkin handbags became a constant absconder. As punishment, he received around 350 lashes in four years. He was then sentenced to Macquarie Harbour, but escaped with 13 other desperate convicts, in a whale boat in 1824. For two years, the gang roamed the bush, aided by settlers, who were former convicts. A Reward was offered by Governor Arthur, replica hermes handbags outlet to anyone who could deliver Brady to the law. Brady responded with a cheeky note fastened to the door of an Inn:
"It has caused Matthew Brady much concern that such a person known as Sir George Arthur is at large. Twenty Gallons of Rum will be given to any persons that will deliver this person to me."
The reward for Brady was raised to 300 guineas and Brady was captured.
Brady was known as the "Gentleman Bushranger", as he only used violence in fashion cheap hermes handbags self defence and never harmed a women. His cell in Hobart, as he waited to stand trail was filled with flowers and cakes sent by female sympathisers and the crowd that watched him hang on May 26, cried and cheered him on. A lookout is named after him, in Tasmania, called Brady's lookout, with views over the Tamar River
Captain ThunderboltFred Ward, who is known as 'Captain Thunderbolt', was born in Windsor, in New South Wales, in 1836 and was the son of a convict. He was working as a drover and horse breaker when sentenced to Cockatoo Island for horse stealing. He was then, conditionally released from the island and was working as a horse breaker in Mudgee, but then returned to Cockatoo Island for various offences. Ward, escaped from the island and went to live with his half Aboriginal wife and their children on the Culgoa River near Bourke. He then, adopted the name 'Captain Thunderbolt' and began an almost 7 year crime spree. During this time, Ward was shot in the knee during a gunfight, when spotted by troopers (this helped the identification of his body later). Another time a constable held a pistol to his head and said 'you are my prisoner'. Thunderbolt laughed and galloped off into the bush. He met his end however in Uralla, New South Wales during a gunfight with a trooper.
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