wearing van cleef and arpels earrings clover couple knockoff give ground the wedding still further goodliness from loersertydass's blog
Scientists in Flying Telescope Race to Intercept Pluto's Shadow
Monday, blades slicing through the frigid winter air. It was time to rise above the clouds to see Pluto slide across the face of a distant star a rare celestial alignment that scientists around the world had been anticipating for years.
As the plane hurtled down the runway, the plucky bass and rumbling baritone of Johnny Cash singing "I Walk the Line" filled the communications headsets.
The lights of Christchurch, New Zealand fell away, and scientists on board the flying telescope the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) quickly got to work. For the next eight hours, the 2.5 meter telescope would stare into the sky, while the crew tried to fly it right through Pluto's shadow.
If all went well, the team would collect crucial data on the dwarf planet's atmosphere, which no one even knew existed until 1988. When combined with the New Horizons Pluto flyby on July 14, the night's observations would help scientists decipher the last three decades of data gathered from Earth.
(Read about the Pluto flyby in National Geographic's July cover story.)
For this to work, we would need to fly the plane right through the center of the shadow cast by Pluto as it crossed the face imitation vca necklace of that star a line that would prove hard to catch. After all, the shadow is only as wide as Pluto itself. And plotting a course that accounts for orbital velocities, cosmic alignment, science observations, other airplanes and the speed of a Boeing 747? It's not simple.
That's why "I Walk the Line" was just the song to see us off.
Your Mission, Should You Choose to Accept It
Called an occultation, the event would last just two minutes, and it would be visible only from a narrow wedge along Earth's surface.
Seven miles below us, teams of astronomers had gathered in more than a half dozen locations in southern Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand, the land masses predicted to fall within the Pluto size shadow. Meanwhile, we would fly high above the southern Pacific Ocean, where clouds could not obscure our view.
"The airplane makes all the difference in the world. It's never cloudy, and you can go exactly where you want to," said Ted Dunham of the Lowell Observatory, one of the scientists on the flight. "And," he added with a grin, "it's a big telescope."
Our goal was to intercept Pluto's shadow at the precise moment the dwarf world darkened the face of that faraway star. If we succeeded, three instruments on board would gather crucial data about Pluto's misbehaving atmosphere. Two would be keeping an eye on the sky in visible wavelengths, the other in infrared.
Together, the data would help scientists figure out how Pluto's atmosphere has evolved over the 27 years we've known about it, and perhaps solve some mysteries that emerged during the very first Pluto occultation.
Plus, scientists will compare the data with observations from the New Horizons spacecraft, which will buzz by Pluto on July 14 and return the first ever close up views of the dwarf world.
"We can directly compare this profile to the one derived from New Horizons in two weeks," said MIT's Michael Person, principal investigator on the flight. "That'll help us calibrate all of the observations we've been making for 20 years, and all of the observations we'll make after New Horizons leaves."
Occultations let scientists turn those faraway stars into flashlights that can reveal details about a world's atmospheric structure and composition, its weather, the world's width, and whether it's surrounded by rings or moons.
"It goes to show how rich these events are, and they only last for 90 seconds," said Dunham, who discovered rings around Uranus during a 1977 occultation.
But early attempts van cleef turquoise necklace knock off to observe Pluto occultations, in 1965, 1980, and 1985, were woefully unsuccessful. Twice, this was because of unfortunate viewing coordinates. Once, explosions from an ongoing air war between Israel and Jordan made the data difficult to interpret.
It wasn't until 1988, when another telescope took to the sky, that we finally got a good look at an eclipsing Pluto. The results were every bit as profound as expected: Pluto had an atmosphere, and though it was thin, it was remarkably puffy. At that time, planet Pluto was nearing the point in its egg shaped orbit where it was closest to the sun. Scientists expected that as Pluto moved farther from our home star, the dropping temperatures might lead to atmospheric collapse.
In other words, the entire atmosphere "should turn to ice and land on the ground," Person said.
Trouble is, data from the next occultation, in 2002, suggested the opposite: Pluto's atmosphere had gotten puffier. Now, 27 years after that first observation, scientists are still waiting for Pluto's air to freeze out and fall onto the ground. They're also still trying to decipher some curious kinks in the original data that suggest a low altitude layer of haze might hug the planet. The new observations could help with that as will the New Horizons flyby.
"I'm really glad we have this opportunity so close to the flyby," Dunham said. "We get to cheat and look up the answer in the back of the book."
Which Line Are We Walking, Again?
When scientists recalculated the intercept point, this time accounting for the curvature of the Earth, the point had moved even farther closer to 300 kilometers away from the original estimate.
"We're scared imitation van cleef & arpels alhambra necklace of it," Person said, taking a look at the map.
"So you don't want to make a judgment and override this?" asked NASA's Jeffrey Van Cleve, who was helping plot the new flight plan.
No, Person said. They would take a gamble on the new coordinates.
Ironically, the new target was incredibly close to Christchurch. "If we had stayed on the runway and opened the door, we could have done this," Van Cleve joked. "That's called the Mach 0 flight plan."
Monday, blades slicing through the frigid winter air. It was time to rise above the clouds to see Pluto slide across the face of a distant star a rare celestial alignment that scientists around the world had been anticipating for years.
As the plane hurtled down the runway, the plucky bass and rumbling baritone of Johnny Cash singing "I Walk the Line" filled the communications headsets.
The lights of Christchurch, New Zealand fell away, and scientists on board the flying telescope the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) quickly got to work. For the next eight hours, the 2.5 meter telescope would stare into the sky, while the crew tried to fly it right through Pluto's shadow.
If all went well, the team would collect crucial data on the dwarf planet's atmosphere, which no one even knew existed until 1988. When combined with the New Horizons Pluto flyby on July 14, the night's observations would help scientists decipher the last three decades of data gathered from Earth.
(Read about the Pluto flyby in National Geographic's July cover story.)
For this to work, we would need to fly the plane right through the center of the shadow cast by Pluto as it crossed the face imitation vca necklace of that star a line that would prove hard to catch. After all, the shadow is only as wide as Pluto itself. And plotting a course that accounts for orbital velocities, cosmic alignment, science observations, other airplanes and the speed of a Boeing 747? It's not simple.
That's why "I Walk the Line" was just the song to see us off.
Your Mission, Should You Choose to Accept It
Called an occultation, the event would last just two minutes, and it would be visible only from a narrow wedge along Earth's surface.
Seven miles below us, teams of astronomers had gathered in more than a half dozen locations in southern Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand, the land masses predicted to fall within the Pluto size shadow. Meanwhile, we would fly high above the southern Pacific Ocean, where clouds could not obscure our view.
"The airplane makes all the difference in the world. It's never cloudy, and you can go exactly where you want to," said Ted Dunham of the Lowell Observatory, one of the scientists on the flight. "And," he added with a grin, "it's a big telescope."
Our goal was to intercept Pluto's shadow at the precise moment the dwarf world darkened the face of that faraway star. If we succeeded, three instruments on board would gather crucial data about Pluto's misbehaving atmosphere. Two would be keeping an eye on the sky in visible wavelengths, the other in infrared.
Together, the data would help scientists figure out how Pluto's atmosphere has evolved over the 27 years we've known about it, and perhaps solve some mysteries that emerged during the very first Pluto occultation.
Plus, scientists will compare the data with observations from the New Horizons spacecraft, which will buzz by Pluto on July 14 and return the first ever close up views of the dwarf world.
"We can directly compare this profile to the one derived from New Horizons in two weeks," said MIT's Michael Person, principal investigator on the flight. "That'll help us calibrate all of the observations we've been making for 20 years, and all of the observations we'll make after New Horizons leaves."
Occultations let scientists turn those faraway stars into flashlights that can reveal details about a world's atmospheric structure and composition, its weather, the world's width, and whether it's surrounded by rings or moons.
"It goes to show how rich these events are, and they only last for 90 seconds," said Dunham, who discovered rings around Uranus during a 1977 occultation.
But early attempts van cleef turquoise necklace knock off to observe Pluto occultations, in 1965, 1980, and 1985, were woefully unsuccessful. Twice, this was because of unfortunate viewing coordinates. Once, explosions from an ongoing air war between Israel and Jordan made the data difficult to interpret.
It wasn't until 1988, when another telescope took to the sky, that we finally got a good look at an eclipsing Pluto. The results were every bit as profound as expected: Pluto had an atmosphere, and though it was thin, it was remarkably puffy. At that time, planet Pluto was nearing the point in its egg shaped orbit where it was closest to the sun. Scientists expected that as Pluto moved farther from our home star, the dropping temperatures might lead to atmospheric collapse.
In other words, the entire atmosphere "should turn to ice and land on the ground," Person said.
Trouble is, data from the next occultation, in 2002, suggested the opposite: Pluto's atmosphere had gotten puffier. Now, 27 years after that first observation, scientists are still waiting for Pluto's air to freeze out and fall onto the ground. They're also still trying to decipher some curious kinks in the original data that suggest a low altitude layer of haze might hug the planet. The new observations could help with that as will the New Horizons flyby.
"I'm really glad we have this opportunity so close to the flyby," Dunham said. "We get to cheat and look up the answer in the back of the book."
Which Line Are We Walking, Again?
When scientists recalculated the intercept point, this time accounting for the curvature of the Earth, the point had moved even farther closer to 300 kilometers away from the original estimate.
"We're scared imitation van cleef & arpels alhambra necklace of it," Person said, taking a look at the map.
"So you don't want to make a judgment and override this?" asked NASA's Jeffrey Van Cleve, who was helping plot the new flight plan.
No, Person said. They would take a gamble on the new coordinates.
Ironically, the new target was incredibly close to Christchurch. "If we had stayed on the runway and opened the door, we could have done this," Van Cleve joked. "That's called the Mach 0 flight plan."
- fashion magic van cleef & arpels pink gold necklace price?
- love imitation VCA yellow gold jewelry do you want it?
- love replica van cleef alhambra earring price?
- adorn van cleef arpels necklace trefoil men imitation Let you matrimonial still further bliss
- Put on van cleef bracelets clover mens copy Make marriage to
The Wall